ELECTROLYZED SALINE... AN ALTERNATIVE TO SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE FOR ROOT CANAL IRRIGATION

Objectives. The aim of this study is to evaluate electrolyzed saline, produced from a custom-made chair side apparatus for its cleaning effect on root canal walls.Methods. A chair side apparatus has been designed to produce and dispense electrolytically activated solutions (Electrolyzed saline) for the purpose of root canal irrigation. Two different solutions, one, which is oxidizing in nature, consisting primarily of Chlorine derivatives and another, reducing in nature, consisting primarily of sodium hydroxide, are obtained. A combination of these two solutions was used for root canal irrigation in extracted teeth. Root canals were split and the samples were subjected to Scanning electron microscopic evaluation.Results. Under the conditions of this study, electrolyzed saline significantly cleaned the root canal surfaces well, opening the dentinal tubules and removing the smear layer.Significance. There has been a constant search for the ideal root canal irrigant. Sodium hypochlorite has been vastly used but its toxicity and storage risks are of concern. Electrolyzed saline has been produced from saline and the apparatus prepares and dispenses the solution chair side, obviating storage needs.

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A scanning electron microscopic evaluation of different root canal irrigation regimens

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242006000300010 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 235-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Chaves Medici Mônika ◽

Izabel Cristina Fröner

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Ricinus Communis ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Root Canal Irrigation ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of endodontic irrigants in removing the smear layer from instrumented root canal walls using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The endodontic irrigants used were: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); 1% NaOCl mixed to 17% EDTAC; 2% chlorhexidine gel; and Ricinus communis gel. Photomicrographs of the middle and apical thirds were evaluated with the aid of the Fotoscore - v. 2.0 software. The results indicated that the mixture of sodium hypochlorite and EDTAC completely removed the smear layer from dentinal walls. The other endodontic irrigants were not as efficient in cleansing the root canals.

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Effectiveness of Root Canal Debris Removal Using Passive Ultrasound Irrigation with Chlorhexidine Digluconate or Sodium Hypochlorite Individually or in Combination as Irrigants

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-9-5-68 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 68-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rafael Brandao Ferreira ◽

Melissa Andreia Marchesan ◽

Yara Teresinha Silva-Sousa ◽

Manoel Sousa-Neto

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Root Canal ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Root Canal Irrigation ◽

Debris Removal ◽

Group 2

Abstract Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of different auxiliary chemical substances energized with ultrasound in radicular dentin using morphologic analysis. Methods and Materials Twenty-eight single-canal, mandibular incisors were prepared with the Hero 642 canal preparation system following the sequence: 25/12, 30/06, 35/02, and 40/02, 1 mm from the apex. The specimens were then divided into four groups of seven teeth. During biomechanical preparation the teeth were irrigated with 2 ml of distilled water between files. Each group of specimens (n=7) received a final irrigation with 100 ml of the following irrigants that were activated with ultrasound for 3 minutes: Group 1- distilled water; Group 2- 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); Group 3- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and Group 4-the filtrate obtained after combining 0.2% CHX and 2.5% NaOCl. The apical portions of the root canals from each group were then submitted to histological processing and analyzed using optical microscopy. Results Results showed statistical differences between the groups (p<0.01). Groups 1 and 2 (distilled water and 0.2% CHX respectively) were statistically similar in terms of a greater amount of debris, whereas 2.5% NaOCl and the filtrate were more efficient in removal of debris. Conclusion There is no additional benefit in terms of debris removal from root canal walls by irrigating with the filtrate obtained from the combination of NaOCl and CHX when compared to using NaOCl alone. Clinical Significance The findings of this study suggest the time and expense of preparing and using a combination of NaOCl and CHX is not warranted compared to using NaOCl alone for root canal irrigation. Citation Ferreira RB, Marchesan MA, Silva-Sousa YT, Sousa-Neto M. Effectiveness of Root Canal Debris Removal Using Passive Ultrasound Irrigation with Chlorhexidine Digluconate or Sodium Hypochlorite Individually or in Combination as Irrigants. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:068-075.

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Effectiveness of photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming in root canal models with different diameters or tapers

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01671-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Wen ◽

Yuanyuan Kong ◽

Jian Zhao ◽

Yang Li ◽

Ya Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluorescence Intensity ◽

Root Canal ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Atp Assay ◽

Root Canal Irrigation ◽

Average Fluorescence Intensity ◽

Different Diameters ◽

Average Fluorescence

Abstract Background This study aimed to compare the use of photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI) in conjunction with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) to remove Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) suspended bacteria and biofilms from root canal systems with different diameters or tapers. Methods Artificial root canal samples (n = 480) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 160/group). The canals were prepared to fit file sizes #10/.02, #25/.02, or #25/.06. The size #10/.02 group was incubated for seven days. The size #25/.02 or #25/.06 group was incubated for 2 days. A stable biological model of E. faecalis infection was established. The root canals were washed with distilled water or with 1%, 2%, or 5.25% NaOCl combined with CNI or PIPS. Bacterial suspensions and biofilms were assessed using an ATP assay kit and fluorescence microscopy. Image-Pro Plus was used to analyse the average fluorescence intensity to determine the most suitable root canal irrigation solution. Results In the CNI and PIPS groups, the ATP value of the 5.25% NaOCl subgroup was the lowest, followed by that of the 2% and 1% NaOCl subgroups. The ATP value of the distilled water subgroup was the highest (P < 0.05). When the root canal taper was 0.02, the ATP value of the #10/.02 + PIPS group was significantly lower than that of the #25/.02 + CNI group (P < 0.05). The average fluorescence intensity of the #10/.02 + PIPS group was lower than that of the #25/.02 + CNI group (P < 0.05). When the apical diameter was #25, the ATP value of the 0.02 taper in the PIPS group was lower than that of the 0.06 taper in the CNI group (P < 0.05), and the average fluorescence intensity of the 0.02 taper + PIPS group was lower than that of the 0.06 taper + CNI group (P < 0.05). PIPS combined with 2% and 5.25% NaOCl effectively improved the long-term antibacterial effect after irrigation and re-culture for 6 h. Conclusions Compared with CNI, PIPS has greater ability to remove bacteria in root canals with a small preparation diameter and a small taper. PIPS with 2% and 5.25% NaOCl exhibited superior antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects.

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The Evaluation of Anti-Microbial-Effect to Enterococcus Faecalis by Hypochlorous Acid Water

10.46715/ijdoh2021.05.1000104 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yoshishige Yamada

Keyword(s):

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Colony Formation ◽

Hypochlorous Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Endodontic Treatment ◽

High Concentration ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canal Irrigant

Periapical periodontitis is a major disease, and difficult to achieve successful treatment in some cases. Therefore, root canal irrigation is one of the most important processes to successful endodontic treatment. Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution is the most commonly used root canal irrigate. However using NaOCl solution on endodontic treatment should be considered its problems such as allergy, serious tissue damage when inadvertently injected into the maxillary sinus or oral mucosa. Therefore, another root canal irrigant that is safe and has a high antimicrobial effect is desirable. In this study, Hypochlorous Acid (HClO) water was used to evaluate the microbicidal efficacy of the Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and considered the possibility to be a future root canal irrigant candidate. Original (200ppm), 10% diluted (20ppm), 25% diluted (50ppm) and 50% diluted (100ppm) HClO water were used in this study. Each experimental solution was mixed with low concentrations (5×107 CFU/ml) or high concentration (5×109 CFU/ml) of E. faecalis at 30 seconds, 1minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes respectively. Then they were placed onto BHI agar plates and incubated for 48 h at 37 ºC, followed by counting the number of Colony formation. The results showed that in the condition of 5×107 CFU/ml E.faecalis, no colony formation was shown within 30 seconds by 50 % diluted HClO water. Whereas only original water was attained to inhibit colony formation completely within 30 seconds under the density of 5×109 CFU/ml E, faecalis. In conclusion, 200ppm HClO water has a capacity to anti-microbiological effect against E.faecalis same as NaOCl solution. Keywords: root canal irrigant, hypochlorous acid (HClO) water, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)

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