scholarly journals Was the Dostoevsky Estate Profitable?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Tatyana Dementyeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Published Report ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Hamlet

In August 1831, the parents of Fyodor Dostoevsky purchased an estate in the Kashirsky district of the Tula Province, consisting of the hamlet of Darovoe and the village of Darovaya. In February 1833, they bought the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya. The entire property, including the above-named villages and hamlet, also included land plots in the wastelands: Nechaeva, Trypillya, Harina, Shelepova and Chertkova. Having become the owners of 58 peasant souls and more than 500 dessiatines of land, the Dostoevskys were considered average local landowners. However, Darovoe, well-known as the childhood place of the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, remains poorly studied from an economic point of view. One of the reasons is that today there are very few documents that could reliably indicate the economic condition of the estate for the memorial period. An exception is the monograph of V. S. Nechaeva “In the Dostoevsky family and estate,” published in 1939, where, based on the correspondence of M. F. Dostoevskaya and M. A. Dostoevsky, the author claims that the estate they acquired was not merely unprofitable, but also caused a family tragedy. The opinion of V. S. Nechaeva became fundamental for researchers of the writer's biography. However, this issue can be revised today, which is what the presented work is devoted to. The correspondence of Fyodor Dostoevsky's parents, the letters of his older brother M. M. Dostoevsky, who was the guardian over the estate and the Memoirs of the younger brother of A. M. Dostoevsky in the aggregate allow to take a fresh look at the estate and the income it brought. In the context of this problem, it is of interest to refer to the newly published “Report of the headman of the village of Darovoe Savin Makarov to Mikhail Mikhailovich Dostoevsky” dated October 8, 1850. The document was discovered in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art and complements the well-known sources on the economic condition of the Dostoevsky estate.

scholarly journals Darovoe Estate and Its Owner (According to New Archival Documents)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-131
Author(s):  
Tatyana Dementyeva ◽  
Lyubov Voronkina
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Manor House ◽  
The Village ◽  
Brothers And Sisters ◽  
The Hamlet

The Dostoevsky family acquired the Darovoe estate in the Kashirsky uyezd of the Tula province on August 7, 1831. Here the future writer and his brothers and sisters spent the happy summer months in 1832–1836. The estate included the manor house (“seltso”) of Darovoye, the village of Darovaya, and land in the Nechaeva, Tripolye, Harina, Shelepova, and Chertkova wastelands. From the late 18th century to 1829, the listed territories belonged to the Kashirsky uezd landowner Vasily Khotyaintsev, then to his sons Peter, Nikolai and Vasily, and subsequently to their grandsons Pavel and Ivan Khotyaintsev. The latter owner sold the estate to O. A. Glagolevskaya in 1829, and she, in turn, sold it to the mother of the writer F. M. Dostoevsky. In February 1833, her husband, M. A. Dostoevsky, expanded the estate by purchasing the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya with the namesake wastelands. In 1840, after the death of their parents, the Dostoevsky brothers and sisters: Mikhail, Fyodor, Varvara, Andrey, Vera, Nikolai and Alexandra became the owners of the Darovoe estate. In 1852, the estate was bought from them by the writer’s younger sister, Vera Mikhailovna Ivanova (nee Dostoevskaya). After her, Darovoe and Cheremoshnya were owned by her children. The authors analyzed the documents from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, The State Archive of the Tula region, The Central State Archive of the City of Moscow, and the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library. The archival materials revealed the circumstances of the change of ownership of the hamlet and the village of Darovoe and the incident changes from the late 18th century to 1852. It also revealed the details of the purchase of the village of Darovoe by M. F. Dostoevskaya and the exact date of acquisition of the village of Cheremoshnya by M. A. Dostoevsky (February 16, 1833). The study revealed the circumstances of the transfer of the estate to V. M. Ivanova and date of transaction (October 20, 1852), and named the participants of the division. F. M. Dostoevsky, who previously refused his share of the inheritance, did not participate in it. This article is the first to publish the mortgages on Darovoe and Cheremoshnya in 1833, the plan of the hamlet of Darovoe with the manor house dated 1847 (the closest in time to the memorial period), as well as the 1852 act of division, which specifies the conditions for the acquisition by V. M. Ivanova of the parental estate, its size and composition.

scholarly journals Legends and Facts About the Life of M. A. Dostoevsky in Darovoe (1837—1839)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Albina Bessonova
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Village

The history of the Dostoevsky estate Darovoe, which is an important period in the life of Fyodor Dostoevsky, still contains unresolved issues. The most ambiguous is the fate of the writer's father, who ended his days in Darovoe. The cause of the tragic death of M. A. Dostoevsky and the place of his burial are still controversial. The document from the State Archive of the Tula region, published for the first time, allows to dispel all doubts about the location of the grave of M. A. Dostoevsky. The article examines the history of the issue, including oral tradition, analyzes well-known documentary sources, and the entry in the metric book of the Holy Spirit Church of the village Monogarovо in 1839 confirms the testimony of A. M. Dostoevsky about the burial of his father in the churchyard. The fact of M. A. Dostoevsky's affair with the house serf Ekaterina Alexandrova is questioned, since it was based on rumors and undocumented. The author analyzes the oral tradition phenomenon and its influence on the formation of the image of M. A. Dostoevsky as a cruel landowner killed by peasants out of revenge. New archival documents allow us to revise the stereotypes that have become entrenched in Dostoevsky studies.

FDI and Global Economic Growth: Insights from Developed and Developing Nations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Tarika Sikarwar ◽  
Pallavi Bhadoria ◽  
Deepak Khandelwal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Relationship

With the integration of FDI and financial development through the global economic growth and its implication .the exploration of financial development interdependency of FDI has become profoundly important among different countries like developed countries and developing countries. In these different countries they used various relationships for that they found the result like if the result is positive result then there is good economic condition and if there is negative effect then there is not good condition in economic point of view. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between FDI and economic development of different countries under study.

scholarly journals Two Bills of Sale for Darovoe, the Dostoevsky Family Estate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Tatyana N. Dementyeva ◽  
Lyubov A. Voronkina
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church ◽  
Indirect Sources ◽  
The Hamlet

The parents of F. M. Dostoevsky purchased an estate in the Kashirsky district of the Tula Province in 1831. It comprised the village of Darovoe and the hamlet of Darovaya. This purchase is known both from the memoirs of A. M. Dostoevsky, and from numerous indirect sources: metric books of the Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit in the village of Monogarovo (parish church of the village of Darovoe), census records, family correspondence of the Dostoevskys and Ivanovs, etc. However, none of these sources provides sufficiently complete information about when and from whom Darovoe was bought, as well as what it was. In the proposed publication, previously unknown first official documents are introduced into scientific circulation. They allow to clarify the dates and conditions of the purchase of Darovoe by the Dostoevskys — bills of sale for the village of Darovoe and the hamlet of Darovaya, dated 1829 and 1831, that are stored in the reserves of the Central State Archive of Moscow.

Dimensiunea temporală a sistemului montan-pendulator de creștere a oilor pe Valea Argeșului

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Cristian Micu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Time Coordinate ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Sheep Milk ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Summer Time ◽  
The Village

The villages on Argeș river upper valley, some of them having a population of Transylvanian origin, have developed a type of shepherding determined by specific spatial coordinates: the boundary of the settlements is relatively reduces, the arable lands occupies small areas and there are no crops alternating with the parcels left to rest, factors that make it impossible to feed flocks in the border, during the summer time. As a compensation, the villages are in the proximity of Făgăraș Mountains, which generously offer alpine pastures for drowning. These conditions together with the zonal climate gave rise to a specific time coordinate describing the mountain-pendulatory system for sheep breeding specific also to the pre-mountain villages of Albeștii de Argeș commune, to a pastoral calendar and to a schedule that mark the pastoral day in this area. This time coordinate presents the following features: 1. Low-scale agriculture does not significantly condition the time sequences specific to the pastoral process, temporal limitations imposed on grazing being generated by the need to preserve the meadows. 2. The period of exploitation of the sheep's lactating potential is relatively short, probably due to a weaker autumn feeding determined by the lack of large miriște (agricultural plot where inferior parts of the cereal stalks or from other cultivated plants) and porumbiști (plot that was previously cultivated with corn) at the border of the village. 3. The degree of agricultural involvement of the sheep is low, not very strictly regulated and it is reduced only to the autumn interval. 4. Neither the pastoral calendar nor the pastoral day hours are subordinated to the rigors imposed by măsuriș (spring custom to measure the sheep milk in order to decide the quantity of milk products that belongs to each sheeps’ owner) and by the daily distribution of the milk to the associates („the turn to milk”), the system of dividing the products towards the owner being simplu, „on sheep’s head”. 5. Programming of the litters depends mostly on the optimal date, from the economic point of view, for sacrificing of the lambs and on the needs to leave enough time for lamps from the lamb birth till climbing lambs on the mountain.

scholarly journals POJĘCIE „OSÓB BĘDĄCYCH W SZCZEGÓLNEJ SYTUACJI NA RYNKU PRACY” W ŚWIETLE USTAWY O PROMOCJI ZATRUDNIENIA I INSTYTUCJACH RYNKU PRACY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Ewa Staszewska
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Employment Promotion

Legal Notion „of Employees in a Particular Situation on the Labour Market”; in the Light of the Act of 2004 on Employment Promotion and Labour Market InstitutionsSummary The article refers to “employees in a particular situation on the labour market” in the light of the Act of 2004 on employment promotion and labour market institutions .The author points out that the risk of losing jobs varies. Certain categories of employees are more at risk than the others. From the social and economic point of view people are not equal when unemployment comes to the scene. Chances to find jobs are correlated not only with good economic condition but also with socio-demographic features of the jobless. The fact that some social groups are at higher risk of losing jobs creates the need to provide them with more specialized assistance from the State. It should be made possible for them to find steady jobs so that they do not get excluded from the labour market. That is why legislator has developed a catalogue of emploees particularly at risk who should be given priority when applying for a job. The unemployed listed in the catalogue can expect a number of legal instruments to prevent unemployment addressed to them.

scholarly journals Dostoevsky’s Pushkin Speech in the Testimonies of Contemporaries

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-69
Author(s):  
Vladimir Viktorovich
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Moment

The article provides a critical analysis of the sources that report the details of Dostoevsky's Pushkin speech on June 8, 1880. They include letters, diaries and memoirs of listeners, telegrams and reports in newspapers and journals of the time. A cross-examination of existing and newly discovered sources revealed a number of conjectures, which usually emerge due to ideological considerations. The focus is on the memoirs of E. P. Letkova-Sultanova and D. N. Lyubimov, which depicted the event from ideologically opposed points of view. Thus, Letkova strongly denies the moment of unanimity of Dostoevsky's audience, recorded by other memoirists, and insists on the initial rejection of his speech by radical youth. Her memoirs usually arouse the confidence of researchers, since the author confirms his judgments with excerpts from his personal diary regarding the two-day the Pushkin celebration (June 7 and 8) that assert the priority of Turgenev. Letkova's memoirs were published in 1932. However, another, earlier and previously unpublished text has been preserved in The Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts in the N. S. Ashukin collection. It comprises five handwritten pages of the article “June days of 1880 in Moscow (From the diary of Ekaterina Letkova)”. Comparison of the early (1924) and late (1932) editions of Letkova's “diary” leads to the unequivocal conclusion that this “diary” was a later mystification, which was supposed to confirm the righteousness of progressive forces in their opposition to Dostoevsky (this motive was significantly emphasized in the 1932 edition). The memoirs of D. N. Lyubimov are structured in the same manner, only differing in that they covered the event from a conservative point of view. Lyubimov's memoirs are relevant for researchers, since he described Dostoevsky's audience in a more detailed way than other memoirists. This description should have led to the idea of consolidating the best members of Russian society. However, a critical analysis of this source showed that more than half of those who listened to Dostoevsky according to Lyubimov could not have attended the meeting. The memoirist also distorts the Turgenev's perception of Dostoevsky's speech (he allegedly “sobbed” when the speaker compared Lisa Kalitina to Tatyana Larina). Criticism of sources allows us to clarify a number of aspects in the perception of Dostoevsky's Pushkin speech as a key event in Russian culture, to approach its understanding on the basis of verified evidence from contemporaries.

Conflict in Laos: The Village Point of View

Asian Survey ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 887-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Village

Hubungan Kemendagri dan Kemendes dalam Tata Desa dan Administrasi Desa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Sarip Sarip ◽  
Nur Rahman ◽  
Rohadi Rohadi
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Relationship

This article aims to explore the relationship between the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) and the Ministry of Villages (Kemendes) from theconstitutional law and state administrative law point of view.The second concerns of this research is the disharmony and problem between the two ministries.From the constitutional law point of view, it turns out that what the Ministry of Home Affairs is doing, is closer to the object of its discussion. The method used in this research is normative legal research bycomparingthe constitutional law and state administrative law to obtain clarity regarding the Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Village. The result shows that the Ministry of Village approached the science of state administrative law, namely to revive or give spirits to the village. Disharmonization began to exist since the inception of the Ministry of Village. The root of disharmony itself was the improper application of constitutional foundations in the formation of the Village Law. It would be better if the government reassess the constitutional foundation for the village.

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