scholarly journals Overflow diarrhea and acute kidney injury as a presentation of fecal impaction that led to obstructive uropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Dhara Dave
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fecal Impaction ◽  
Elderly Male

Fecal impaction is a known complication of chronic constipation and is particularly bothersome in the elderly population. Common complications of fecal impaction include hemorrhoids, megacolon, overflow diarrhea, and obstructive uropathy among others. Many case reports have been reported with fecal impaction and obstructive uropathy though none have reported overflow diarrhea as a presentation. In this case report, we present an elderly male who came in with overflow diarrhea and acute kidney injury that resulted from fecal impaction that caused obstructive uropathy. He was managed with catharsis and early recognition of the condition led to a good outcome. Recognition and management of fecal impaction can be challenging especially in patients who present with diarrhea. We, therefore, outline and discuss the importance of recognition of overflow diarrhea as a complication of fecal impaction and the management of such patients.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury after ingestion of Star fruit juice in patients with previous history of acute kidney injury: Two case reports

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Sayed Fazlul Islam ◽  
KBM Hadizzaman ◽  
Syed Mahbub Morshed ◽  
Md Omar Faroque ◽  
AH Hamid Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Star Fruit

Acute kidney injury can occur due to various reasons. In this case report two cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) were reported after ingestion of 250 ml of starfruit juice presented. In both cases features of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity were found and there was mild to moderate rise in serum creatinine. Routine and microscopic examination of urine showed mild degree of proteinuria, no other active urinary sediment was found except calcium oxalate crystals. Renal biopsy was done in both cases which showed features of acute tubular necrosis. These two patients were treated symptomatically and discharged with normal serum creatinine. There is no case report of acute kidney injury due to star fruit ingestion in Bangladesh. Star fruit is very popular, cheap and easily available. But its nephrotoxic effect is not known to general population. These two case reports might be a first time message to the nation.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):33-35

scholarly journals A Case of Severe Acute Kidney Injury Exacerbated by Canagliflozin in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimya Hassani-Ardakania ◽  
Mark L. Lipman ◽  
Denny Laporta ◽  
Oriana Hoi Yun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elevated Creatinine ◽  
Third Line

Background. Sodium glucose cotransport (SGLT)-2 inhibitors are the newest class of antihyperglycemic agents used as second- or third-line treatment in the management of type 2 diabetes. Although the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors has not been shown to cause nephrotoxicity, there have been case reports of SGLT-2 inhibitor use being associated with acute kidney injury. Case Presentation. A 72-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes and no known chronic renal insufficiency presented to the emergency room with a 3-day history of nausea, vomiting, and increased somnolence. She was found to have potassium level of 7.4 (normal: 3.5-5.5) mmol/L and a markedly elevated creatinine level at 1154 (normal: 45-95) μmol/L. Imaging of the abdomen and pelvis did not reveal any findings of obstruction. Urine microscopy showed many granular casts. In the absence of other causes for her clinical presentation, the patient was diagnosed with acute kidney injury secondary to ischemic acute tubular necrosis, with canagliflozin use likely an important contributing factor. Conclusions. Physicians should inform patients to stop the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors when patients are unable to maintain hydration or during acute illness. Use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in managing type 2 diabetes should be done with caution among more vulnerable populations, including individuals with cognitive impairment and the elderly.

Acute kidney injury in the elderly population

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (Suppl. 19) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Stallone ◽  
Barbara Infante ◽  
Giuseppe Grandaliano
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Lonomia envenomation. Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin Arsanios ◽  
Elias Quintero ◽  
Nicolás David Santoyo Sarmiento ◽  
Alvaro German Arteaga Erazo ◽  
Maria José Olaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Introduction The envenomation by Lonomia species mainly occur in rural areas. The main symptom of this condition is an alteration in the clotting times and hemorrhage. However, acute kidney injury is been also identified in some case reports. Therefore, it should not be disregarded and to understand the pathophysiological mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of this clinical feature results necessary in order to expand awareness and to prevent further medical complications and death. Materials and Methods We present a case report and scoping review of the literature to characterize patients with acute kidney injury secondary to Lonomia envenomation by a case report and describing the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients suffering from this condition. The information was obtained from 4 databases: Medline, Embase, LILACs and Ovid. We used the following search strategy: (((“Acute Kidney Injury” [Mesh]) AND “lonofibrase” [Supplementary Concept]) OR lonomy accident) OR lonomia. Results We identified ten case reports of Lonomia spp. Envenomation, nine of them were caused by L. obliqua and one by L. achelous. A cohort study that included 37 patients who were exposed to the L. obliqua venom was also included. All patients were adults, lived in the countryside and developed acute kidney injury. Conclusions Acute kidney injury has been identified as one important clinical feature of the Lonomia envenomation. The development of this condition is mediated by various pathophysiological mechanisms. To perform an adequate diagnosis, coagulation times, fibrinogen levels, hemogram, kidney function and urinalysis should be done. The definitive treatment depends on the type of envenomation. The prognosis for these patients is not well described yet. However, our patient had a good response to the described management given.

Binaural Interference: Quo Vadis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jerger ◽  
Shlomo Silman ◽  
Carol Silverman ◽  
Michele Emmer
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Expected Outcome ◽  
Statistical Approaches ◽  
Quo Vadis ◽  
Better Than

The reality of the phenomenon of binaural interference with speech recognition has been debated for two decades. Research has taken one of two avenues; group studies or case reports. In group studies, a sample of the elderly population is tested on speech recognition under three conditions; binaural, monaural right and monaural left. The aim is to determine the percent of the sample in which the expected outcome (binaural score-better-than-either-monaural score) is reversed (i.e., one of the monaural scores is better than the binaural score). This outcome has been commonly used to define binaural interference. The object of group studies is to answer the “how many” question, what is the prevalence of binaural interference in the sample.In case reports the binaural interference conclusion suggested by the speech recognition tests is not accepted until it has been corroborated by other independent diagnostic audiological measures. The aim is to attempt to determine the basis for the findings, to answer the “why” question.This article is at once tutorial, editorial and a case report. We argue that it is time to accept the reality of the phenomenon of binaural interference, to eschew group statistical approaches in search of an answer to the “how many” question, and to focus on individual case reports in search of an answer to the “why” question.

Acute kidney injury in the elderly population

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Yılmaz ◽  
Yunus Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly

ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1472
Author(s):  
Grażyna Kobus ◽  
Jolanta Małyszko ◽  
Hanna Bachórzewska-Gajewska
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Common Cause

Introduction: In the elderly, impairment of kidney function occurs. Renal diseases overlap with anatomic and functional changes related to age-related involutionary processes. Mortality among patients with acute renal injury is approximately 50%, despite advances in treatment and diagnosis of AKI. The aim: To assess the incidence of acute kidney injury in elderly patients and to analyze the causes of acute renal failure depending on age. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis included medical documentation of patients hospitalized in the Nephrology Clinic during the 6-month period. During this period 452 patients were hospitalized in the clinic. A group of 77 patients with acute renal failure as a reason for hospitalization was included in the study. Results: The prerenal form was the most common cause of AKI in both age groups. In both age groups, the most common cause was dehydration; in the group of patients up to 65 years of age, dehydration was 29.17%; in the group of people over 65 years - 43.39%. Renal replacement therapy in patients with AKI was used in 14.29% of patients. In the group of patients up to 65 years of age hemodialysis was 16.67% and above 65 years of age. -13.21% of patients. The average creatinine level in the group of younger patients at admission was 5.16 ± 3.71 mg / dl, in the group of older patients 3.14 ± 1.63 mg / dl. The size of glomerular filtration GFR in the group of younger patients at admission was 21.14 ± 19.54 ml / min, in the group of older patients 23.34 ± 13.33 ml / min. Conclusions: The main cause of acute kidney injury regardless of the age group was dehydration. Due to the high percentage of AKI in the elderly, this group requires more preventive action, not only in the hospital but also at home.

Successful treatment of decompression sickness complicated with acute hepatic infarction and acute kidney injury: a case report

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Se Hyun Oh ◽  
◽  
Hui Dong Kang ◽  
Sang Ku Jung ◽  
Sangchun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Hepatic Infarction ◽  
Hbo2 Therapy

Decompression sickness is a disease caused by abrupt pressure change and presents various symptoms. To date, acute kidney injury associated with decompression sickness has been reported frequently, but there is no report of hepatic infarction associated with decompression sickness. We report a case of acute kidney injury and acute hepatic infarction treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy and dialysis in a patient with severe decompression sickness after work diving.

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