Physiological Reactivity and Antioxidant Defense System of the Animal Organism Induced by Germanium, Chromium, and Selenium “Nanoaquacitrates” Soil-Remediating Activity of Agroecosystems and Chernozem Fertility Restoration Using Low-Carbon Technologies

Aim. To study the state of physiological reactivity of the organism and blood antioxidant defense system of female rats and their offspring under prolonged feeding with “nanoaquacitrates” of germanium, chromium, and selenium. Methods. To accomplish the stated objective we carried out physiological and biochemical studies, using colori- metric methods to study the content of glycoproteins and separate monosaccharides of their carbohydrate com- ponents. The state of antioxidant defense system was studied by the intensity of lipid peroxidation that was also determined using the colorimetric methods based on the content of lipid hydroperoxides and TBA-active products in blood. Results. The intergroup differences in the content of glycoproteins and their carbohydrate components in the blood of female rats and their offspring of both experimental groups have been observed compared against the control. This may indicate approximately the same integrated biological effect of chromium, selenium, germanium in the second group, fed with chromium and selenium citrates along with the drinking water, calculated as 50 μg per 1 kg of body weight (b.w.) for Cr and Se, and germanium citrate – 15 μg Ge per 1 kg of b.w. The fi rst group served as a control; and the third one was fed with chromium and germanium citrates, calculated as 50 μg per 1 kg of b.w. for Cr, and germanium citrate – 15 μg Ge per 1 kg of b.w., which results in the activation of the physiological reac- tivity system. However, the integrated physiological effect of citrate compounds of the three elements – chromium, selenium, and germanium – on the rats of the second group was more signifi cant, as confi rmed by a high probability of differences compared against the control group. The complex of microelements, used in these quantities, dem- onstrates signifi cant antioxidant activity, which is typical for each microelement. Conclusions. Feeding mature, 4–8-month-old, rats (feeding started at 4 months and lasted till the end of the 8 th month) and young, 0–4-month-old, rats (feeding started at birth and lasted for 4 months) with “nanoaquacitrates” of germanium, chromium, and sele- nium causes an increase of physiological reactivity in their bodies, which is evidenced as follows, 1) the increase in the ceruloplasmin content in the blood of mothers and infant rats, in haptoglobin and sialic acids – only in mothers, and in protein-bound hexoses – in infant rats; 2) a reduction in the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the blood of mature females and young rats with lower content of lipid hydroperoxides and TBA-active products in the blood of the animals from experiment groups, which is more signifi cant in females; 3) identical orientation of the integrated physiological effect of chromium, selenium, germanium, and the combination of chromium and germanium on the organism of female and young rats which causes general activation of reactivity of the organism and its antioxidant system that is more vivid for females.

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Antioxidant status of piglets under nitrate-nitrite load and the action of corrective factors

Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32718/ujvas3-2.09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

K. Y. Leskiv ◽

B. V. Gutyj ◽

D. F. Gufriy ◽

V. I. Khalak ◽

O. G. Demchuk

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Control Group ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽

Defense System ◽

Diene Conjugates ◽

Peroxidation Processes

The article presents the results of research on the state of the antioxidant defense system of piglets under nitrate-nitrite toxicosis and the action of corrective factors (methionine, phenarone and methyphene). Nitrate-nitrite load in piglets caused inhibition of the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defense system, that indicates a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the serum of testing animals. The lowest activity of antioxidant enzymes under chronic nitrate-nitrite toxicosis was on the 60th day of the experiment in the serum of piglets of the control group, where accordingly the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased by 14 %, catalase activity – by 18 %, glutathione peroxidase activity – by 12 %. Lipid peroxidation processes are activated in the blood of animals, namely the level of lipid hydroperoxides and diene conjugates increases under the conditions of experimental nitrate-nitrite load. It should be noted that the highest level of lipid peroxidation products in the serum of piglets with chronic nitrate-nitrite toxicosis was on the 60 th day of the testing, and accordingly the content of lipid hydroperoxides increased by 67 % and diene conjugates – by 33 %. Administration of methionine, phenarone and methyphene under nitrate load contributed to the activation of the antioxidant defense system compared to animals in the control group. The use of antioxidant drugs in sick piglets also contributed to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, as indicated by a decrease in the content of lipid hydroperoxides and diene conjugates in the serum of experimental group. More pronounced antioxidant effect was shown by administrating methyphene. The mechanism of action of phenarone and methyphene is associated with the direct effect of its components on the inhibition of the absorption of metabolites that have a toxic effect on cell membranes of animals. As a result of the adsorbing action of zeolite, which is part of the drugs, in the digestive tract there is a decrease in the concentration of substances that can be substrates for lipid peroxidation, as well as removal of toxic metabolites in the blood, which are prooxidants. This process occurs by osmosis and diffusion of these substances through the capillaries of the microvilli of the small intestine and their subsequent fixation on the sorbent granules.

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The effect of bendamine on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant defense system of blood in rats in experimental doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.32718/nvlvet10007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (100) ◽

pp. 36-40

Author(s):

I. S. Varkholiak ◽

B. V. Gutyj ◽

V. I. Kushnir ◽

N. V. Nazaruk ◽

O. I. Lisnyak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Control Group ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽

Defense System ◽

Experimental Group

Experimental studies obtained in recent years indicate the urgency of developing drugs of complex action to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease in dogs. This requires a much deeper study of the pathogenesis of heart failure, including cardiomyopathy. The aim of the study was the effect of bendamine on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the antioxidant defense system of blood in rats in experimental doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. To reproduce heart failure in rats, an experimental model was used by intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg 3 times a week for two weeks. The study was performed on white sexually mature young male Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g, which were kept on the standard diet of the institute vivarium of the State Research Control Institute of Veterinary Drugs and Feed Additives. For the study, three groups of rats of 6 animals in each were formed: control group – intact animals; experimental group R1, in which animals were simulated doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by intraperitoneal administration of doxorubicin; experimental group R2, in which animals after injection of doxorubicin, intragastrically administered the drug “Bendamine” at a dose of 20 mg/kg. According to studies, doxorubicin intoxication in rats enhances LPO processes, as indicated by an increased content of lipid hydroperoxides by 47.4 %, diene conjugates – by 21.4 % and TBA-active products – by 24.9 % for animals of the control group. Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in rats has a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood of animals. In particular, the activity of catalase decreases by 36.9 % (P ≤ 0.001), and the activity of SOD – by 20.3 % (P ≤ 0.001). In the study of the activity of the glutathione link of the antioxidant defense system, similar changes were found as in the study of the activity of catalase and SOD. The use of the drug “Bendamine” in the rats of the experimental group helped to inhibit the excessive formation of lipid peroxidation products and increase the activity of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic parts of the antioxidant system.

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Heritability of Some Important Parameters of the Antioxidant Defense System Like Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase, Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Lipid Peroxidation in Red Blood Cells by Twin Study

International Journal of Human Genetics ◽

10.1080/09723757.2001.11885764 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shila Chakraborty ◽

A.B. Das Chaudhuri

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Twin Study ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Defense System ◽

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

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Dynamics of Lipid Peroxidation—Antioxidant Defense System during Alloxan Diabetes in Rats

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10517-013-2071-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 155 (1) ◽

pp. 26-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. A. Volchegorskii ◽

L. M. Rassokhina ◽

I. Yu. Miroshnichenko

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Alloxan Diabetes ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Defense System

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Influence of ellagic acid on antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidation in mice

Biochemical Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/0006-2952(91)90457-g ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 42 (7) ◽

pp. 1441-1445 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Sabhiya Majid ◽

Krishan L. Khanduja ◽

Rajinder K. Gandhi ◽

Sanjay Kapur ◽

Rati R. Sharma

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Ellagic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Defense System

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LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS

Human Ecology ◽

10.33396/1728-0869-2019-6-30-38 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 30-38

Author(s):

N. V. Semenova ◽

I. M. Madaeva ◽

M. A. Darenskaya ◽

L. I. Kolesnikova

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Defense System ◽

Menopausal Women

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On the Opportunities of Using the Indices of Lipid Peroxidation – Antioxidant Defense System in the Diagnostics of Varicose Veins of Small Pelvis in Women

Acta biomedica scientifica ◽

10.29413/abs.2020-5.1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 14-20

Author(s):

L. I. Kolesnikova ◽

A. A. Semendyaev ◽

D. A. Stupin ◽

M. A. Darenskaya ◽

L. A. Grebenkina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Varicose Veins ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Pathological Process ◽

Moderate Degree ◽

Defense System ◽

Mild Degree ◽

Severe Degree ◽

Degree Of Severity

Background: The prevalence of varicose veins of small pelvic veins in women of reproductive age varies widely – from 5.4 to 80 %, due to the low specificity and low sensitivity of clinical diagnostic techniques, and the absence of biomarkers that can be used to identify the formation and progression of varicose veins of small pelvic veins in women.Aims: To identify changes in the levels of parameters of the system “lipid peroxidation – antioxidant protection” with the development of varicose veins of the pelvis in women, as well as the possibility of their diagnostic use.Materials and methods: We examined 200 women with clinical signs of varicose veins of small pelvis. Control group included 30 women without any pathology of venous system. Treatment group included 137 women with varicose veins of small pelvis: with mild degree of severity – 39 women, with moderate degree of severity – 65 women, with severe degree of severity – 33 women. We performed comparative analysis of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system in women with and without varicose veins of small pelvis taking into account the severity degrees of pathological process.Results: We obtained the most informative indices for lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense processes in blood of women with varicose veins of small pelvis: concentration of diene conjugate (DC) for the mild degree of severity of pathological process, lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), DC and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) – for the moderate and severe degree of severity, and also changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes with increase of the severity of the disease. Assessment of the level of catalase (Cat) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) showed their highest informative value at the mild degree of severity. Concentrations of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) are more statistically significant markers for severe forms of pathological process.Conclusions: Our research showed the relevance and advisability of the studying the levels of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense indices in women with varicose veins of small pelvis. We registered the highest diagnostic value of DC, Cat and GP in the beginning of the disease and of LHP, DC, MDA, GR, GST and GSH – at severe forms of the pathological process. We obtained reference values for DC, MDA, Cat, SOD and GP concentration that can be considered as the predictors of the development of varicose veins of small pelvis.

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