scholarly journals PECULARITIES OF THE TRITATED WATER TRANSPIRATION FLUX DURING WILLOW VEGETATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
V. Dolin ◽  
◽  
V. Bobkov
Keyword(s):  
Water Transpiration

scholarly journals Transpiration and stomatal resistance variations of perennial tropical crops under soil water availability conditions and water deficit

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ozinaldo Alves de Sena ◽  
Humberto Actis Zaidan ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Camargo e Castro
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Tropical Crops ◽  
Water Transpiration ◽  
Coffea Arabica L ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

During the dry and rainy seasons, determinations of stomatal resistance and transpiration of five tropical crops were carried out: guarana (Paullinia cupana Kunth), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), guava (Psidium guajava L.) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. - Arg.) trees. Experimental design was done at randomized complete blocks with five replications. During the dry season there was a decrease in values of stomatal resistance in the following order: guarana > coffee> cashew> guava > rubber, with values from 2.5 to 30.0 s.cm-1. During the rainy season the stomatal resistance values varied from 1.5 to 3.0 s.cm-1. The guarana and coffee crops showed higher resistance to water transpiration when compared to other crops. During the rainy season, the rubber tree continued to present lower stomatal resistance and, consequently, higher transpiration.

scholarly journals Attributes of irrigated rice and soil solution as affected by salinity levels of the water layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Isquierdo Fraga ◽  
Felipe de Campos Carmona ◽  
Ibanor Anghinoni ◽  
Elio Marcolin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Water Transpiration ◽  
Over Time

In the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, flooded rice fields using Patos Lagoon as the source of water for irrigation are subject to be damaged by salinity, since this source is bound to the sea on its southern end. The sensitivity of rice is variable during plant development, being higher in the seedling and reproductive periods. However, there is not enough information about the behavior of plants under salt stress during the course of its development, especially in the vegetative stage. This study evaluated the effect of different levels of salinity of irrigation water on the salinity of soil solution over time and on some plant attributes, during the vegetative stage of rice. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, where seeds of the variety IRGA 424 were sown in pots and irrigated with water with electrical conductivity (ECi) levels of: 0.3, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1; from the tillering initiation (V4) until the panicle initiation (PI). The evaluations made were the electrical conductiviy of soil solution (ECe), the dry biomass of plants and stems, tillering, height and the transpiration of plants. The ECe increased with the ECi over time, and was determined by water transpiration flux in pots. The ECe values at the end of the experiment were high and, in most cases, higher than the critical values for flooded rice. The growth attributes of rice were negatively affected from ECi of 2.0 dS m-1 and ECe of 4.0 dS m-1.

scholarly journals REGULARITIES IN ACCUMULATION, LOSS AND RETURN OF WATER AND CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES DURING THE WATER EXCHANGE IN SOIL

2014 ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Muromtsev ◽  
N. A. Semenov ◽  
Yu. A. Mazhaisky ◽  
K. B. Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Underground Water Level ◽  
Water Transpiration

The experimental studies permitted to determine the ratio between infiltration and transpiration of the ground water in a soddy podzolic soil, that accounts for 0.3-0.6 under dried conditions of atmospheric moistening, 2.6-2.9 as an average value for many years and 2.6-2.9 under moderately wet conditions. The loss of potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and manganese under the grass stand was calculated as 0.95, 89.0, 37.7, 1.42 and 1.40 kg/ha/yr respectively. Due to capillarity the root layer of this soil receives 0.19 kg/ha of potassium or 20% from its loss with water infiltration, 16.4% of magnesium, 15.0% of calcium, 13.4% of zinc and 9.0% of manganese. It is shown that the water transpiration in case of the close underground water level leads to rupture of capillary links. With increasing the soil thickness in lysimeter the water infiltration and the nitrate leaching become declined both under grass and beangrass stands.

scholarly journals Power Generation by Water Transpiration from Microporous Alumina

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Water Transpiration

Abstract The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to erroneous posting.

Improving the water transpiration in a solar steam generation device

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Yuan Meng ◽  
Haibo Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Solar Steam Generation ◽  
Water Transpiration

Abstract Solar steam generation (SSG) has been proposed as one of the most advanced techniques to trigger solar energy desalination of sea water. Although many efforts have been dedicated to develop SSG devices, the efficiency remains relatively low. Previous work was mainly focused on thermal insulation film and light absorption. Attention has seldom been concentrated on device structure. Inspired by the manner of water transportation within flowers, we designed an artificial SSG unit which can effectively speed up the water transpiration from the bulk to the surface. Another advantage of such a device is that steam generation is separated from the bulk salty solution and thereby the solar thermal evaporation can be improved greatly. As demonstrated via the desalination experiment, the mass change and evaporation rate under 1 solar irradiation can reach as high as 2.51 kg/m2 and 1.26 kg/m2·h−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the evaporation efficiency is 74%. These values are much higher than those of traditional SSG devices and bulk water.

scholarly journals HESS Opinions "Biological catalysis of the hydrological cycle: life's thermodynamic function"

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2629-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Michaelian
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Global Water Cycle ◽  
Equilibrium Process ◽  
Biological Catalysis ◽  
Wind Currents ◽  
Water Transpiration

Abstract. Darwinian theory depicts life as being overwhelmingly consumed by a fight for survival in a hostile environment. However, from a thermodynamic perspective, life is a dynamic, out of equilibrium process, stabilizing and coevolving in concert with its abiotic environment. The living components of the biosphere on the Earth's surface of greatest biomass, the plants and cyanobacteria, are involved in the transpiration of a vast amount of water. Transpiration is part of the global water cycle, and it is this cycle that distinguishes Earth from its apparently life-barren neighboring planets, Venus and Mars. The dissipation of sunlight into heat by organic molecules in the biosphere, and its coupling to the water cycle (as well as other abiotic processes), is by far the greatest entropy-producing process occurring on Earth. Life, from this perspective, can be viewed as performing an important thermodynamic function, acting as a dynamic catalyst by aiding irreversible abiotic processes such as the water cycle, hurricanes, and ocean and wind currents to produce entropy. The role of animals in this view is that of unwitting but dedicated servants of the plants and cyanobacteria, helping them to grow, and to spread into initially inhospitable areas.

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