scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF GAS GENERATION CAPACITY OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS BITUMINOUS ARGILLITES BY JAYNES’ FORMALISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (178) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Yuri KHOKHA ◽  
Oleksandr LYUBCHAK ◽  
Myroslava YAKOVENKO
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Potential Equilibrium ◽  
Rock Eval

The analysis of literature was carried out and the main criteria for determining the gas generating potential of rocks were determined. These criteria are divided into two groups: the first one is geochemical, which includes the content of organic carbon and the thermal maturity of the rocks. The second group combines the geological and economic criteria that determine the suitability of rocks for the removal of hydrocarbon gases from them. In our opinion, the most important group of criteria should be considered a geochemical group. Traditionally, to determine the ability of organic matter to form hydrocarbons, the Rock-Eval analysis was used. As a result, determined are the total organic carbon (TOC) and other parameters, such as hydrogen index (HI) or production index (PI). In this paper, we are trying to expand the range of parameters that can be used to determine the gas generation potential of the rocks. The elemental composition of the organic matter dissipated in the rocks, in general terms, should affect on the composition and amount of hydrocarbons that they synthesize. To determine the influence of elemental composition on the gas-generating potential, equilibrium thermodynamics is used in conjunction with the Jaynes’ formalism. Samples for investigation – bituminous argillites from Menilite suite of Oligocene, were taken from two fields of the Ukrainian Carpathians. For samples, the elemental composition of the organic matter and the mineral composition of the inorganic part (by X-ray crystallography) are determined. The data on the elemental composition came into the calculation, the result of which is the distribution of the additive components in the organic matter and the composition of gases. The results of the calculations were compared with the results obtained by the Rock-Eval method. It was found that the calculation by the thermodynamic method gives understated results. On the other hand, it allows the establishment of a change in the chemical structure of organic matter of rocks. We are outlined ways to further improvement of the method.

Influences of repeated application of organic waste products on soil organic carbon content and stability assessed using Rock-Eval 6® thermal analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amicie Delahaie ◽  
Pierre Barré ◽  
Lauric Cécillon ◽  
François Baudin ◽  
Camille Resseguier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
The Impact

<p>The term Organic Waste Products (OWPs) encompasses a wide range of byproducts such as manure, sewage sludge or green waste compost. The use of OWPs impacts soil quality and functioning, agricultural yields, carbon (C) sequestration, biogeochemical cycles of nutrients like nitrogen (N) or phosphorus, and organic matter (OM) dynamics. These impacts likely depend on the considered OWP.</p><p>Taking advantage of 3 mid to long-term experimental trials (6 to 20 years) located in the Northern part of France (Paris region; Brittany; Alsace), we investigated the impact of 16 different OWPs on C content and stability. To do so, surface soil samples from replicated plots amended with the different OWPs used either alone or in addition with mineral N fertilization and appropriated control treatments were analyzed using Rock-Eval 6® thermal analyses. Samples taken up at the onset of the experiment and after 6, 18 and 20 years for the 3 sites respectively were analyzed. It resulted in the analyses of 248 different samples whose Rock-Eval 6® (RE6) signature can be used as a proxy for soil organic carbon (SOC) biogeochemical stability. In particular, we determined 2 RE6 parameters that were related to SOC biogeochemical stability in previous studies (e.g. Barré et al., 2016): HI (the amount of hydrogen-rich effluents formed during the pyrolysis phase of RE6; mgCH.g<sup>-1</sup> SOC), and T50 CO<sub>2</sub> oxidation (the temperature at which 50% of the residual organic C was oxidized to CO<sub>2</sub> during the RE6 oxidation phase; °C). We also computed the amount of centennially stable SOC from RE6 parameters using the model developed in Cécillon et al. (2018).  </p><p> </p><p>Our results showed that no clear effect of OWPs addition can be established for the youngest site (6 years). On the contrary, OWPs amendments had a clear effect on SOC quantity and quality at the sites having experienced 18 and 20 years of OWPs addition. For these sites, OWPs amendments increased SOC content, decreased SOC thermal stability (T50 CO<sub>2</sub> oxidation) and increased the Rock-Eval 6® Hydrogen Index (HI) compared to control plots. OWPs amendments tended to increase slightly the amount of centennially stable SOC at the sites having experienced 20 years of repeated OWPs application. Our results suggest that if OWPs addition does increase SOC content, at least in the long run, the majority of this additional SOC is labile and may be quickly lost if OWPs additions are stopped.</p><p> </p><p>References:</p><p>Barré P., Plante A.F., Cécillon L., Lutfalla S., Baudin F., Bernard S., Christensen B.T., Eglin T., Fernandez J.M., Houot S., Kätterer T., Le Guillou C., Macdonald A., van Oort F. & Chenu C. (2016) The energetic and chemical signatures of persistent soil organic matter. Biogeochemistry, 130: 1-12.</p><p>Cécillon L., Baudin F., Chenu C., Houot S., Jolivet R., Kätterer T., Lutfalla S., Macdonald A.J., van Oort F., Plante A.F., Savignac F., Soucémarianadin L.N. & Barré P. (2018) A model based on Rock-Eval thermal analysis to quantify the size of the centennially persistent organic carbon pool in temperate soils. Biogeosciences, 15, 2835-2849.</p>

Sedimentology, Geochemistry, and Reservoir Potential of the Organic-Rich Tuwaiq Mountain, Hanifa and Jubaila Formations, Abu Dhabi, UAE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhujya L. Phukan ◽  
Saad A. Siddiqi ◽  
Abdulla Alblooshi ◽  
Maryam Alshehhi ◽  
Ashis Shashanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Rock Eval

Abstract Objectives/Scope: The late Callovian to early Kimmeridigian deposited Tuwaiq Mountain, Hanifa and Jubaila Formations are among the most prolific source rocks in the middle east. These sediments have recently been considered as potential unconventional gas reservoir in UAE. This study integrates sedimentological, structural, geochemical and pore-scale datasets to provide a better understanding of the depositional framework and its effects on the reservoir properties. Methods, Procedures, Process: Dunham Classification (1962) which was later modified by Embry & Klovan (1971) is the basis of the descriptive lithofacies scheme used to characterize the organic-rich carbonate sediments. The association of these classified lithofacies based on their genetic relationship reflects their corresponding depositional environments. Petrographical and geochemical assessment including Rock-Eval pyrolysis were performed on selected samples. Mineralogical assessment was performed via whole-rock and clay-fraction XRD analysis, whereas pore-scale fabric/textural investigations were performed via conventional transmitted light microscopy and SEM using backscattered electron mode BS-SEM. Results, Observations, Conclusions: Sedimentological characterization of mud-dominated carbonate sediments indicates that they accumulated in a clastic starved, intrashelf basinal setting. The lack of textural variation is observed, highlighted by the dominance of mudstones noted across the Tuwaiq Mountain Fm., Hanifa and Jubaila Formations. Wackestones are the second most abundant texture observed. Wacke-packstones and packstones are rare but are present in the Tuwaiq Mountain Formation. also dominated by mudstone textures show presence of wackestones in form of thin beds. The occurrences of planktonic foraminifera along with thin shelled bivalves further emphasizes the low-energy, distal depositional setting. A quantitative description of the nature, density, and trends of the fracture network highlights the tectonic and structural history of the sediments. A certain degree of brittleness is associated with the organic-rich sediments, which is evident from the mineralogical analysis showing the abundance of calcite (>82%). Rock-Eval data revealed high TOC content of the sediments. An evaluation of the HI and Tmax indicates that the sediments are dominantly gas prone (HI<150mg HC/g TOC). Based on the calculated reflectance data (Ro: 0.06-3.30), the sediments display varied levels of thermal maturity, from immature to over mature. The vitrinite reflectance equivalent (%VRE) values assessed from microscopic investigations a range between 1.24-1.64, with the lower values suggesting late maturity with wet (condensate) gas generation and the higher values suggesting post maturity with dry gas generation. The TOC and TRA data highlight that the organic-rich, laminated mudstones associated with the Hanifa and Tuwaiq Mountain Formations have the highest TOC values (up to 4.25wt%) and the highest bulk volume (up to 3.39 %BV). It is also noted that the petroleum storage potential in these sediments largely resides with the mineral matrix pores along with the porosity hosted by the organic matter, which has been assessed by BS-SEM analysis. Novel/Additive Information: This integrated approach sheds light on the development of unconventional gas reservoirs. In addition, this study shows how the changes in depositional environment may have controlled the organic matter preservation. For a plausible way forward, this current understanding may be extrapolated to uncored intervals for representativeness.

scholarly journals Source Rock Characteristic of Sargelu and Kurrachine Formations from the Selected Wells in Northern Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Arwa M. S. Al-Dolaimy
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Rock Eval

A total of 56 cuttings samples of Sargelu and Kurrachine formations from different wells (Ain Zalah, Baiji, and Jabal Kand) in northern Iraq have been investigated in this study. Both the Sargelu and Kurrachine formations were examined using Rock-Eval pyrolysis to assess the richness of organic matter and thermal maturity level. The Sargelu Formation Have Total Organic Carbon wt.% ranged from 0.22–2.52 wt.%, average 1.26 wt.% in Ain Zalah Well, and between 0.57–8.90 wt.%, average 2.95 wt.% in Baiji Well, and between 0.81–11.80 wt.%, average 5.01wt.% in for Kand Well. It is considered a potential source rock based on total organic carbon content. total organic carbon wt. % in Ain Zalah and Kand in the Kurrachine Formation is considered poor source rock with a total organic carbon content of 0.17, 0.39 wt. %, respectively, while in Baiji Well is considered moderate source rock with total organic carbon content 0.53 wt. %. The Rock-Eval data are not always sufficient to define the kind of organic matter through the use of the van Krevelen diagram because HI and OI are affected by both matrix mineralogy and the kerogen mixture. For accurate assessments of the source rocks, gas chromatography has been relied on, which provides a direct indication of the kerogen type as well as the type of hydrocarbons that kerogen can generate during maturity. Gas chromatography analysis indicates that all selected samples contained type II kerogen. The highest value of the TAS/ (MAS+TAS) ratio was found in Ain Zalah samples (Sargelu Formation), and this result indicates the occurrence of an aromatization process with increasing thermal maturation.

Tracing terrestrial organic matter in surface sediments in Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea: a Rock-Eval pyrolysis approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Gershelis ◽  
Roman Kashapov ◽  
Alexey Ruban ◽  
Andrey Grin'ko ◽  
Oleg Dudarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Laptev Sea ◽  
Residual Carbon ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
East Siberian Sea ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Rock Eval

<p>The East Siberian Arctic shelf (ESAS), the world’s largest continental shelf, receives substantial input of terrestrial organic carbon (TerrOC) both from increasing river discharge and from amplifying coastal erosion. Increasing TerrOC supply directly affects the Arctic marine carbon cycle, and, therefore, the fate of TerrOC upon its translocation to the Arctic continental margin has been the subject of growing interest in recent decades. Previous studies reported a strong decrease in sedimentary bulk TerrOC and terrestrial biomarkers with increasing distance from the coast during cross-shelf transport with much higher extent of degradation in the ESAS nearshore zone. Despite major progress has been made in estimating TerrOC inputs and quantifying its degradation rates in the Arctic land-shelf system, there are still important pieces insufficiently understood. Rock-Eval (RE) pyrolysis contributes to the traditional geochemical interpretations, based on elemental, isotopic and biomarker analyses and provides additional insight into the distribution, source and degradation state of organic carbon compounds of sedimentary organic matter.</p><p>In this study, the analytical approach included the characterization of marine and terrestrial carbon compounds using RE data coupled with organic carbon stable isotope composition. Rock-Eval analyses was performed on over 80 surface sediments samples from the Laptev Sea and western part of the East Siberian Sea collected during Arctic expeditions in 2011-2019. A track of rapidly degrading terrOC in shallow deposits may be traced using the ratios between hydrogen and oxygen indices and from the distribution of labile organic carbon fraction. Our results indicated high content of heavily degraded material with low hydrogen index, high oxygen index and a high content of residual carbon in sediments on the outer shelf of the western Laptev Sea and on the continental slope. Sharp decreasing of oxygen content in the eastern part of Laptev Sea and the western East Siberian Sea marked intensive dilution of degraded carbon with fresher material exported from New Siberian Islands. Furthermore, the RE data indicated a relatively high content of residual carbon (up to 87 %) stored in the studied surface sediments.</p><p>This research is supported by Russian Science Foundation, project # 19-77-00067.</p>

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ASSISTÊNCIA MEMBER, IRATI FORMATION, PARANÁ BASIN, BRAZIL: ORGANIC MATTER AND MINERALOGY / CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO MEMBRO DO ASSISTÊNCIA, FORMAÇÃO IRATI, BACIA DO PARANÁ, BRASIL: MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA E MINERALOGIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werlem Holanda ◽  
Sergio Bergamaschi ◽  
Anderson Costa dos Santos ◽  
René Rodrigues ◽  
Luiz Carlos Bertolino
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Irati Formation ◽  
Paraná Basin ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Parana Basin

Currently, the Irati Formation, in Paraná Basin, Brazil, represents one of the world's largest reserves of oil shale. Among the shale-derived products stands out the fuel oil, gas, naphtha, fuel, liquefied gas, and sulfur, in addition to byproducts that can be used by the asphalt, cement, agricultural, and ceramics industries. This study describes and illustrates features of organic-rich shales of the Lower Permian Assistência Member, Irati Formation, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was combined with energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometric (EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (S), insoluble residue (IR) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis to characterize the mineral composition, organic matter distribution and different types of pore at the micrometer scale. These analyses were performed on samples from well SP-32-PR located in the Sapopema township, Northeast Paraná State, in South of Brazil. The investigations demonstrated that the Assistance Member has high total organic carbon (TOC) content, generation potential (S2) and hydrogen index (HI), but is in an immature stage. The mineralogical content of the Assistência Member presents intervals rich in quartz, plagioclase, carbonates and clay minerals. Pores distribution includes intraparticle within organic matter and interparticle pores in pyrite framboids, surrounding quartz grains and between organic matter and mineral grains. ResumoAtualmente, a Formação Irati, na Bacia do Paraná, no Brasil, representa uma das maiores reservas mundiais de Petróleo de xisto. Entre os produtos derivados do xisto, destacam-se o óleo combustível, gás, nafta, combustível, gás liquefeito e enxofre, além de subprodutos que podem ser utilizados pelas indústrias de asfalto, cimento, agricultura e cerâmica. Este estudo descreve e ilustra características de xistos ricos em matéria orgânica do Membro Permiano Inferior Assistência, Formação Irati. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM) foi combinada com Espectrometria de Raios-X de energia dispersiva (EDS), Difração de Raios-X (XRD), carbono orgânico total (COT), enxofre total (S), resíduo insolúvel (IV) e pirólise Rock-Eval para a caracterização da composição mineral, distribuição da matéria orgânica e diferentes tipos de poros à escala micrométrica. Essas análises foram realizadas em amostras do poço SP-32-PR localizadas no município de Sapopema, no nordeste do Paraná, no sul do Brasil. As investigações demonstraram que o Membro de Assistência possui elevado teor de carbono orgânico total (TOC), potencial de geração (S2) e índice de hidrogênio (HI), mas está em um estágio imaturo. O conteúdo mineralógico do Membro Assistência apresenta intervalos ricos em quartzo, plagioclásio, carbonatos e minerais argilosos. A distribuição dos poros inclui intra-partículas na matéria orgânica e poros inter-partículas em framboides de pirita, nos grãos de quartzo circundantes e na matéria orgânica e noutros grãos minerais.

scholarly journals Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle Dynamic in Continental Late-Carboniferous to Early Permian Basins of Eastern Pangea (Northeastern Massif Central, France)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Mercuzot ◽  
Christophe Thomazo ◽  
Johann Schnyder ◽  
Pierre Pellenard ◽  
François Baudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Type I ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Rock Eval

Late Carboniferous to early Permian organic-rich sedimentary successions of late-orogenic continental basins from the northeastern Massif Central (France) coincide with both the Variscan mountain dismantling and the acme of the long-lasting Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Here, we investigate the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the newly dated sedimentary successions of the Decize–La Machine and Autun basins during these geodynamic and climate upheavals. The sedimentary organic matter has been analyzed through Rock-Eval pyrolysis, palynofacies and elemental and isotope geochemistry along cored-wells and outcropping sections, previously accurately defined in terms of paleo-depositional environments. Rock-Eval and palynofacies data have evidenced two origins of organic matter: a phytoplanktonic/bacterial lacustrine origin (Type I organic matter, organic δ13C values around −23.5‰), and a terrestrial origin (vascular land plants, Type III organic matter, organic δ13C values around −20‰), mixed in the deltaic-lacustrine sediments during background sedimentation (mean organic δ13C values around −22‰). Episodes of high organic matter storage, reflected by black shales and coal-bearing deposits (total organic carbon up to 20 and 70%, respectively) are also recognized in the successions, and are characterized by large negative organic carbon isotope excursions down to −29‰. We suggest that these negative isotope excursions reflect secondary processes, such as organic matter remineralization and/or secondary productivity varying under strict local controls, or possibly larger scale climate controls. At times, these negative δ13C excursions are paired with positive δ15N excursions up to +10‰, reflecting water column denitrification and anammox during lake-water stratification episodes. Together, these isotopic signals (i.e., low sedimentary organic δ13C associated with high bulk δ15N values) indicate periods of high primary productivity of surface waters, where nitrogen and carbon cycles are spatially decoupled. These local processes on the sedimentary isotope archives may partially blur our ability to directly reconstruct paleoclimate variations in such continental settings using only C and N isotopes. At last, we explore an organic δ13C-based mixing model to propose ways to disentangle autochthonous versus allochthonous origin of organic matter in lacustrine continental settings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the hydrocarbon generation potential of the Pimenteiras Formation, Parnaiba Basin (Brazil) based on total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872094958
Author(s):  
Agostinho Mussa ◽  
Wolfgang Kalkreuth ◽  
Ana Maria Pimentel Mizusaki ◽  
Marleny Blanco González ◽  
Tais Freitas da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Parnaíba Basin

The Parnaiba Basin is a Paleozoic to Mesozoic intraplate volcano-sedimentary basin where the Pimenteiras Formation (Devonian) is the main sequence with potential of hydrocarbon generation, mostly natural gas. The present paper evaluates the potential of hydrocarbon generation of Pimenteiras Formation based on Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters. In this work, 1077 shale samples of the Pimenteiras Formation distributed in 32 wells were evaluated. The TOC content varies between 0.1 to 4.7 wt.%, partially reflecting the accumulation and preservation rates of the organic matter in marine and coastal depositional environments controlled by regressive-transgressive cycles. The oxic and anoxic conditions vary significantly with deposition in this situation, which were evidenced by HI and OI variations through sample profiles. In the north and center of the basin, the Pimenteiras Formation has a higher potential for hydrocarbon generation relative to the south, probably due to higher anoxic conditions during deposition. The Hydrogen Index indicates the predominance of kerogen types II and III with minor occurrences of types I and IV. The Tmax values indicate general immature conditions and locally postmature, where the lowest temperatures represent the basin´s burial history, whereas the higher ones were influenced by igneous intrusions and thermogenic anomalies related to the Transbrasiliano Lineament. In addition, the excessive heat around the intrusions altered the Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters as well as the type of organic matter, resulting in a relative increase of the kerogen types III and IV, which explains the great potential for gas generation in this basin.

Episodes de sedimentation riche en matiere organique dans les marnes bleues d'age aptien et albien de la partie pelagique du bassin vocontien

1988 ◽  
Vol IV (2) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean G. Breheret
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Tethys Sea ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Central Atlantic ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Se France

Abstract A synthetic section is proposed for the Aptian-Albian blue marls of the Vocontian basin (SE France), in the western part of the Alpine Tethys sea. In spite of its homogeneous aspect, the section presents a cyclic sedimentation throughout. Rock-Eval pyrolysis data giving total organic carbon and type of organic matter, allows us to sketch the vertical distribution of organic matter. Three major episodes of orgamic rich sedimentation, underlined by some scarce calcareo-phosphatic nodule girdles, are pointed out: (1) Bedoulian (pro parte) at the very base of the formation, (2) Lower and Middle Albian, and (3) Vraconian (lower part). The good preservation of marine organic materials in these sediments is a consequence of anoxia generated by a strong stratification of the water mass. These episodes are not strictly confined to the Vocontian basin, bur are also known in pelagic environments of the Alpine sea and Tethyan domains. They are clearly linked to transgressive pulses. The mechanism that may be involved spilled over into basins of slightly salted waters generated on vast continental platforms like the model proposed by Busson [1984] for genesis of mid-Cretaceous black shales of the northern and central Atlantic.

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