scholarly journals Lytic Exoenzymes of Soil Strains of Bacillus Representatives and Manifestations of their Biological Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Korzh ◽  
◽  
I.V. Dragovoz ◽  
L.V. Avdeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Lytic Activity ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Bacillus Strains ◽  
Test Cultures

Bacteria of the genus Bacillus make up a significant (8–12%) part of the soil microbiome. Manifestation of their biological activity, in particular, the antagonistic and lytic activity against other microorganisms directly depends on their exometabolites. According to the literature, such properties of soil bacteria of the genus Bacillus thus can be related to their various lytic exoenzymes. Aim. To evaluate the role of lytic exoenzymes of the studied soil bacteria strains of the genus Bacillus in the manifestation of their biological (antagonistic, lysing) activity. Methods. The antagonistic activity of bacteria strains of the genus Bacillus against phytopathogenic micromycetes was determined by the method of double culture in Petri dishes on potato-glucose agar. For qualitative analysis of the presence of extracellular enzymes, strains of bacteria of the genus Bacillus were plated on Petri dishes with solid mineral-salt medium and a suitable substrate inducer. The ratio of the diameter of substrate hydrolysis zone to the diameter of the colony was taken as the relative enzymatic activity of the culture. Bacteriolytic activity of the studied strains was determined by the change in optical density of living cells of phytopathogenic bacteria suspension at 540 nm. Results. Six strains of bacteria of the genus Bacillus were selected by the results of preliminary screening, with at least five types of lytic activity, namely proteolytic, chitinase, amylolytic, cellulase, and xylanase of different levels (low, average, high). Analysis of the antagonistic activity of the selected strains of bacteria of the genus Bacillus to the main groups of phytopathogenic bacteria (six test cultures) singled out the strain Bacillus sp. 41 for a careful study of the nature and spectrum of its antagonism. Analysis of the level of antagonistic activity of the selected Bacillus strains against the phytopathogenic micromycetes showed that the minimum decrease of antagonism (the decrease of growth inhibition zones) during the observation period (at the 3rd and 7th days) was in Bacillus sp. 41 strain. Therefore, only this strain showed a stable and relatively wide range of antagonistic activity against phytopathogens of bacterial and fungal etiology. The nature of this antagonism is probably complex and conditioned by the participation of various biochemical mechanisms, in particular, the synthesis of a complex of lytic exoenzymes. To assess the lysing activity of Bacillus strains, three strains with the highest proteolytic and cellulolytic activity of exoenzymes were taken from the six previously chosen. Only Bacillus sp.1913 strain showed high (70%) lytic activity against gram-negative polyphagous phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae UCM B-1027T. Such activity of the strain did not manifest against the rest of the phytopathogenic test cultures. The high lytic activity of Bacillus sp. 1913 strain may be associated with high activity of exogenous proteases and cellulases of the lytic complex, which is quite consistent with the literature data on the lytic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus. Conclusions. The spectrum and activity of lytic exoenzymes of strains of the studied soil bacteria of the genus Bacillus indicate the indirect participation of these enzymes in the manifestation of biological activity (antagonistic and lytic).

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA DARI RIZOSFER KEBUN KARET RAKYAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Nova Wulandari ◽  
Mokhamad Irfan ◽  
Robbana Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Observation Method

ABSTRACT   The diversity of vegetation that grows on the ground will affect the number and type of microbes in the rhizosphere of folk rubber plantations. The purpose of this research is to know the population, genus, and biological activity of PGPR bacteria (IAA hormone producers, phosphate solvents and biocontrol agents) originating from the rhizosphere of folk rubber plantations. This research was conducted from March to May 2018 at the Laboratory of Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Islamic State University Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau and UPT Health and Environment Laboratory. This research used an observation method by taking soil samples that are composted, and data are presented in descriptive form. The parameters observed in this research were soil pH, bacterial population, characterization of PGPR bacteria includes macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical reaction test and PGPR bacterial biological activity (IAA test qualitatively, phosphate solvent test and in-vitro inhibitory test). The results showed that the pH of the soil obtained at a depth of 0-20 cm was 3.19 with a bacterial population of 1.06 × 106 CFU/g of soil. A total of 4 isolates were able to produce IAA hormones namely genus Bacillus sp.1, Bacillus sp.2, Bacillus sp.3, and Bacillus sp.5. A total of 2 isolates were able to dissolve foster, namely genus Bacillus sp.1 and Bacillus sp.2 and 2 isolates were able to play a role as inhibitory power against Fusarium sp. namely the genus Bacillus sp. 4 and Bacillus sp.5. There were 5 isolates of PGPR bacteria that had different biological activity abilities, namely genus Bacillus sp.1, Bacillus sp.2, Bacillus sp.3, Bacillus sp.4, and Bacillus sp.5.

TECHNOLOGY OF DISINFECTANT APPLICATION OF MEANS «HYPONAT BPO» FOR DISINFECTION OF WASTEWATER, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR SANITARY CATEGORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
M. P. Butko ◽  
◽  
P. A. Popov ◽  
N. K. Gunenkova ◽  
D. A. Onishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Test Cultures

The article presents the results of the study of microbiological and physicochemical indicators of wastewater in modes I and II categories in transport (containers for various purposes, vehicles), which was used to transport livestock cargo. Studies have shown that wastewater had significant mechanical contamination and the presence of microflora of various groups. Production tests in monitoring the modes of their disinfection in test cultures S. aureus (pcs. 209-P), B. cereus (pcs. 96) and microorganisms of the genus Bacillus were conducted. As a disinfectant was used Hyponat-BPO, created on the basis of sodium hypochlorite (components number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). The drug and its method of application filed for obtaining a patent of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL PROTECTION OF PLANTS ON SOIL MYCOCENOSIS WHEN GROWING LEAF SALAD UNDER ARID CLIMATE OF ASTRAKHAN REGION

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
D.G. Baubekova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Biological Protection ◽  
Protection Agent

Territories with arid climate are characterized by insufficient atmospheric humidification at high air temperatures. Therefore, the use of drip irrigation during the growing season of plants is an effective agrotechnical method of farming. However, its use causes a number of unfavorable consequences that can be avoided by using biological plant protection agents with pronounced biological activity against phytopathogenic bacteria, micromycetes, insects and viruses. These remedies are based on the introduction of microorganisms and their metabolites into the biotechnological process. A biological plant protection agent based on Bаcillus atrophaeus ACIM В–11474 has been developed and its effect on the mycocenosis of the studied soils when growing lettuce in the arid climate of the Astrakhan region using drip irrigation has been studied.

Study of the bacilli antagonistic activity against storage molds of seed

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Malkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Natural Strains

The article presents the results of laboratory research on study the antagonistic activity of genus Bacillus bacteria natural strains in relation to storage molds of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus.

An endophytic strain of the genus Bacillus isolated from the seeds of maize (Zea mays L.) has antagonistic activity against maize pathogenic strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 104074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuzhen Yang ◽  
Ruyang Zhang ◽  
Xianyu Wu ◽  
Tianjun Xu ◽  
Shahbaz Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Genus Bacillus

scholarly journals GENETIC AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AVERCOM AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
N.A. Yamborko ◽  
T.V. Petruk
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Test Cultures

It was shown that Avercom and plant growths regulators act as weak mutagens on auxotrophic test-cultures Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98. Their antimutagenic influence on test-cultures of Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98 was studied. The addition of S. avermitilis UCM Ac-2177 biomass, cultural liquid and Avercom of different concentrations separately to soil increased the quantity of pedotrophic, amylolytic, phosphorus immobilizing and amonificating microbes.

scholarly journals Role of the Structure of Humic Substances in Increasing Bacterial Survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaev YA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Atomic Content ◽  
Soil Ecosystems

Humic substances (HSs) are important for the functioning and stability of soil ecosystems; their physical and chemical properties, as well as their influence on plants and animals are well studied. However, the role of HSs in the physiology of microorganisms, in particular, in their survival under unfavorable conditions, is understood insufficiently. To evaluate the role of various chemical groups and physicochemical properties of HSs in the survival of soil bacteria, experiments were performed using eight HS preparations with different structure and properties. Addition of HSs to cultures of hydrocarbonoxidizing soil bacteria Rhodococcus erythropolis and Pseudomonas extremaustralis increased the titers of viable cells after 30 days of storage up to 10 times. This biological effect of HSs is due to their ability to stimulate the formation of stress-resistant persister cells. Correlation analysis established a relationship between the biological activity of HS and the atomic content of hydrogen and carbon, hydrophobicity, and the average molecular weight of HS. The atomic content of oxygen, as well as the content of CHn groups and various oxygen-containing groups (CH3O, CH2O, CHO, C=O, Alk-O) correlated with a negative effect of HS on bacterial viability. The content of aromatic groups and antioxidant capacity correlated with both activating and inhibiting biological activity of HSs. The stabilizing effect of HSs on bacterial cells is explained by their antioxidant activity,as well as by their ability to serve as a carbon source and to act as a terminal electron acceptor in the absence of oxygen. The obtained results elucidate an important function of HSs: to ensure long-term survival of bacteria in soil ecosystems in the periods between their active development.

scholarly journals Screening and Potential Uses of Contaminated Spent Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathipriya Shanmugavelu ◽  
Ganesan Sevugaperumal
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

The commercial production of mushrooms generates a co-product, a virtually inexhaustible supply of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). It represents an ideal growth medium for plants and plant disease suppressive quality. Here we discussed about the contaminated microbial flora of SMS, potential antifungal and plant growth promoting activities, the results of these findings were also discussed in relation to the usage of SMS as a potential product for organic farming. SMS contained moisture content 72%, EC 1.75 mmho.cm−1 and had pH of 6.1. The cellulose and hemicellulose content of paddy straw substrate were 30.25%, 23.18% and 15.31% dry weight respectively. Growth in terms of root and shoot weight of the seedlings of green gram, black gram, tomato and chili were significantly higher when grown in 60% SMS amended soil. Spent mushroom compost from Pleurotus eous used in this study harbored bacterial population including, Bacillus sp., Clostridium sp., Pseudomonas sp. and E. coli. Bacterial isolate B1 was identified as Bacillus sp., isolate B2 was identified as Clostridium sp., isolate B3 as Pseudomonas sp. and B4 as Escherichia coli. These bacterial strains showed significant antagonistic activity against soil borne pathogenic fungi viz., Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Phytophthora sp. and Aspergillus sp.

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