scholarly journals Screening and Potential Uses of Contaminated Spent Mushroom (Pleurotus spp.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathipriya Shanmugavelu ◽  
Ganesan Sevugaperumal
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

The commercial production of mushrooms generates a co-product, a virtually inexhaustible supply of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). It represents an ideal growth medium for plants and plant disease suppressive quality. Here we discussed about the contaminated microbial flora of SMS, potential antifungal and plant growth promoting activities, the results of these findings were also discussed in relation to the usage of SMS as a potential product for organic farming. SMS contained moisture content 72%, EC 1.75 mmho.cm−1 and had pH of 6.1. The cellulose and hemicellulose content of paddy straw substrate were 30.25%, 23.18% and 15.31% dry weight respectively. Growth in terms of root and shoot weight of the seedlings of green gram, black gram, tomato and chili were significantly higher when grown in 60% SMS amended soil. Spent mushroom compost from Pleurotus eous used in this study harbored bacterial population including, Bacillus sp., Clostridium sp., Pseudomonas sp. and E. coli. Bacterial isolate B1 was identified as Bacillus sp., isolate B2 was identified as Clostridium sp., isolate B3 as Pseudomonas sp. and B4 as Escherichia coli. These bacterial strains showed significant antagonistic activity against soil borne pathogenic fungi viz., Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Phytophthora sp. and Aspergillus sp.

scholarly journals Effect of salt tolerant Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth under soil salinity: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobhit Raj Vimal ◽  
Jaya Gupta ◽  
Jay Shankar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Bacterial Strains

This study was conducted to examine the comparative effect on wheat plant health inoculated with the two different rhizobacterial strains Bacillus sp. (JG3) and Pseudomonas sp. (JG7) under soil salinity. Total seven potential salt tolerant strains were isolated from the saline soils of BBAU-Lucknow. The bacterial strains have been investigated for nitrogen fixatation, phosphate solubilization, ammonia, indole acetic acid and hydrogen cyanide production activities. Based on morphological and biochemical activities the strains JG3 was designated as Bacillus sp. and the strain JG7 was designated as Pseudomonas sp. Both the strains witness positive for the different plant growth promoting traits. In comparison of strain JG7, strain JG3 inoculated wheat seeds enhance plant height by 32.32%, root length by 37.84%, fresh weight by 28.2% and dry weight by 15.51% in FYM amended soils. We observe in this study that seeds treated with Bacillus sp. found significantly effective in plant growth promotion compared to Pseudomonas sp. in saline soil. Based on the comparative experimental study reported herein, it is pointedly observed that the use of salt tolerant PGPRs are effective for facilitating plant health in salt stress environments

scholarly journals The primary screening of bacterial strains antagonists from a collection of the biological methods laboratory in VNIIMK to a Phoma rot on sunflower. Part II

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
L.V. Maslienko ◽  
◽  
A.Kh. Voronkova ◽  
L.A. Datsenko ◽  
E.А. Efimtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Action Mode ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Bacillus Genus ◽  
Biological Methods

There are presented data of the primary screening of bacterial strains antagonists from a collection of the biological methods lab of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) to an aggressive isolate of the Phoma rot pathogen (Phoma macdonaldii Boerema) affecting sunflower by a method of double or crops. We estimated 27 bacterial strains of Bacillus genus on the three nutrient mediums (potato-sucrose agar (PSA), Taylon-3 and oat agar (OA). We stated 21 of them possessing antagonistic activity with a type of action mode against Phoma pathogen on sunflower named antibiosis. We determined for three strains presence of a competition for nutrient area without formation of a sterile zone with pathogen. Maximal sterile zone to Phoma rot pathogen was formed by strains: 11-3 Bacillus sp. (21.0 mm) on PSA; B-4 B. circulans (19.0 mm) on a Taylon-3 medium and D 1-1 Bacillus sp. (17.0 mm) on OA. Eight from the nine collection bacterial strains of Pseudomonas genus demonstrated antagonistic activity to Phoma rot on PSA and King’s B, and seven strains – on OA with one type of action mode – antibiosis. Maximal sterile zone to Phoma rot pathogen was formed by strains: Oif 2-1 Pseudomonas sp., 16-2 Pseudomonas sp. and 12-2 Pseudomonas sp. (12.5– 12.0 mm) – on PSA; 16-2 Pseudomonas sp. (16.5 mm) – on King’s B; Oif 2-1 Pseudomonas sp. (18.0 mm) – on ОА.

scholarly journals Studies on decolorization of textile dye by using Pseudomonas and bacillus sp from the contaminated effluent soil samples of Kovilpatti, Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannan D ◽  
Renuga Devi ◽  
A. G. Murugesan ◽  
S. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Source Of Pollution

Textile industries releasing large amount of effluent which contains textile dyes and toxic chemicals and it is one of the major source of pollution also contaminating water bodies. To remove that, bacteria have been of great attention because of their ability to treat effluent. The present study was undertaken to exploit the ability of Pseudomonassp and Bacillus sp from dye contaminated soil samples for bioremediation for dye effluent. Among the bacterial strains used in the study. Pseudomonas sp emerged out to be most potent decolorizer in comparison to Bacillus sp with the degree of decolorization of 90.0 %. Thus, it was concluded that the Pseudomonas sp had highest color removing capacity from contaminated effluent soil samples. 

scholarly journals Penghilangan Senyawa Fenol Oleh Bakteri Yang Diisolasi dari Area Pertambangan Minyak Bumi

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains

The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of local bacterial strains from oil-contaminated soil to degrade phenol. The study consisted of two experiments, using six individual strains and using mix of strains. Bacterial strains used in the first experiment were 1.3, 3.3 dan 8.2.1 (Bacillus sp.), strain 3.2 (Propionibacterium), strain 3.4 (Pseudomonas sp.), and strain 8.1.2 (Enterobacter sp.).Bacterial strains used in the second experiment were mix of all six strains (K6) and mix of three strains (K3) consisted of  strain 3.4, 8.1.2 and 8.2.1 with the same ratio. The experiments were conducted in 100 mL Bushnell and Haas medium containing 300-400 ppm phenol for three days.Three strains (strain 3.4, 8.1.2, dan 8.2.1) had the highest phenol removal efficiency at day 3, i.e. 99-100%. COD values were decreased to 345-393 mg/L or 56-61.3% by those three strains. Mix culture K6 effectively removed phenol form the medium, but COD value decreased to only 56.7%. The fate of COD decrease was not the same as phenol removal by these strains (either in idividual or mix cultures), because phenol was degraded into intermediate compounds. 

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid causing charcoal rot disease in Lycopersicon esculentum L. by using multi species bacterial consortia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
R.C. Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (LEP1-LEP31) were isolated from rhizosphere of Lycopersicon esculentum L. (Tomato) and screened for their plant growth promoting (PGP) activities. On the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical, carbon source utilization and molecular characterization, these strains were identified as Pseudomonas sp., Azotobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. For antagonistic activities all the strains were subject to the chitinase activities by the development of clear halo around the inoculated bacterial spots when loaded on chitin (0.2%) supplemented mediumBased on pot and field trial results of individual strains and consortium application, it may be concluded that all the three strains i.e. Pseudomonas sp. LEP17, Azotobacter sp. strain LEP21 and Bacillus sp. strain LEP25 showed plant growth promoting effects. The growth promotion provided by these strains was apparently related to improve shoot and root development, which resulted in better nutrient uptake capability and suppression of plant pathogen. All these three strains were superior in this regard because they provided the best and most consistent effects on growth and yield of L. esculentum. All these strains Pseudomonas sp. LEP17, Azotobacter sp. strain LEP21, Bacillus sp. strain LEP25 and their consortium seems to be suitable for use as a plant growth promoting and improvement of growth and yield

scholarly journals Biostimulants Managed Fungal Phytopathogens and Enhanced Activity of Beneficial Microorganisms in Rhizosphere of Scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Patkowska
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Tea Tree

The principles of good agricultural and horticultural practice, considering both environmental protection and high yielding of plants, require modern cultivation methods. In modern agriculture, it is possible to use biostimulants that protect the soil against degradation and plants against phytopathogens and stress. The purpose of 3-year field and laboratory studies was to determine the effect of Trichoderma harzianum T-22 and other biostimulants on the health status of scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica L.) plants and microorganism populations in the rhizosphere of this plant. For this purpose, Biosept Active (a.s.—grapefruit extract), Timorex Gold 24 EC (based on tea tree oil), Trianum P (spores of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai T-22) and Zaprawa Nasienna T 75 DS/WS fungicide (a.s.—tiuram) were applied for the pre-sowing seed dressing of scorzonera cv. “Duplex”. The number of seedlings and the health status of scorzonera plants were determined during three growing seasons. In each year of the study, mycological analysis of seedling roots and roots after scorzonera harvest was conducted to establish the quantitative and qualitative composition of fungi colonizing these parts. Moreover, microbiological analyses of scorzonera rhzisphere soil were conducted and served as the basis to determine the total population of fungi and bacteria (including Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.). Antagonistic activity of rhizosphere bacteria Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and fungi was determined based on laboratory tests on selected scorzonera soil-borne fungal pathogens (Alternaria scorzonerae, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani). The experiments showed that Trianum P most effectively protected the roots of scorzonera against infection by Alternaria alternata, A. scorzonerae, Neocosmospora solani, Fusarium spp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Botrytis cinerea. The rhizosphere population of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. in the treatments with Trianum P or Zaprawa Nasienna T 75 DS/WS was larger than in the other experimental treatments. A reverse relationship was observed in the population of rhizosphere fungi. The application of grapefruit extract, tea tree oil and Trichoderma harzianum T-22 increased antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and selected saprotrophic fungi against soil-borne fungal pathogens, especially Alternaria sp., Rhizoctonia sp., and Fusarium sp. In summary, Biosept Active, Timorex Gold 24 EC and Trianum P can be recommended as plant biostimulants in Scorzonera hispanica cultivation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some growth promoting bacterial strains exist on Eggplant root Solanumm elongena L. against Rhizoctonia solani

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Waheed A. Q. Q. ◽  
H. R. Hassan ◽  
B. A. Abbas ◽  
H. H. Nawar
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

In this study, six plant growth promoting bacterial strains were tested against eggplant root rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The bacterial strains were evaluated for their ability to promote growth and control R. solani in eggplant under greenhouse conditions. The results of antagonistic activity of the bacterial strains against R. solani showed that the tested strains controlled the radial growth of R. solani ranging from 24.66 to 40.33 mm, of these, Bacillus subtilis was the most promising strains which recorded 24.66 mm. Results of the treatment eggplant seeds with the bacterial suspension of the six strains showed that all tested strains significantly increased the percentage of seeds germination as compared to control treatment, B. subtilis strain was the best which recorded 92.16% as compared to 69.56% for control treatment. The greenhouse experiment revealed that the plants treated with B. subtilis recorded maximum (Shoot length, root length, fresh and dry weight of plant, rate of fruits weight, plant productivity). All these parameters were increased by 93.83 cm, 26.50 cm, 589.30 g/ plant, 163.03 g/ plant, 101.63 g, 1180 g/ plant respectively, also the results showed B. subtilis significantly decreased disease incidence and severity of eggplant infected by R. solani which recorded 34.06, 0.23 respectively as compared to both positive without pathogen and negative with pathogen control treatment (4.4 %, 77.33), (0.07 %, 0.71) respectively.

scholarly journals Endophytic Enterobacter cloacae exhibits antagonistic activity against Pythium damping-off of cucumber

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Ahmed Kazerooni ◽  
Hanaa Al-Shibli ◽  
Abbas Nasehi ◽  
Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Bacterial Strains

ABSTRACT: The study was performed to examine the potential presence of biological control agents against Pythium damping-off disease of cucumber.Examining eleven bacterial strains isolated from acid lime roots and rhizosphere soil showed that the bacterial strain RB1 was the most efficient in suppressing mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum, producing an inhibition zone of 5mm. Scanning electron microscopy study of the mycelia at the interaction zone showed that the pathogen hyphae were deformed and shriveled by the bacterial strain.In pot experiments, pretreatment with the RB1 bacterial strain reduced disease incidence significantly by 63%.The bacterial strain did not exhibit any negative significant effects on cucumber growth (plant height and root dry weight) in comparison with untreated control under growth chamber conditions. Molecular identification of strain RB1 based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that it is Enterobacter cloacae. Findings from this study suggested that E. cloacae has a potential to be used as a biocontrol agent for suppressingcucumber damping-off disease caused by P. aphanidermatum. This is the first report of the antagonistic activity of E. cloacae against P. aphanidermatum-induced damping-off of cucumber.

scholarly journals Strains of soil microorganisms promising for the creation of a complex plant protection product against mycoses and harmful insects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
O. A. Drehval ◽  
A. A. Dreus ◽  
N. V. Cherevach ◽  
T. V. Sklyar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Solid Nutrient Medium

We evaluated the antagonistic activity of 23 strains of Bacillus spр. against phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, F. culmorum, F. moniliforme, Cladosporium herbarum, Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger. The antagonistic activity was tested by agar diffusion (the method of blocks). For determining the influence of bacteria on barley plants , ardent seeds were treated by cultural liquid (dilution 1 : 10) for 2 hours and germinated in Petri dishes on moist filter paper. The fungistatic effect of Bacillus sрp. separately and in combination with entomopathogens (in equal ratio) was determined by the level of inhibition of the fungi Fusarium spp. on a solid nutrient medium with 5% of the culture liquid. Insecticidal activity of microorganisms was determined in the model experiments by the percentage of death of the caterpillar Archips podana Scop. Strains of Bacillus sp. KMB-3 and Bacillus sp. KMB-6 inhibited the growth of all test cultures (zones of growth inhibition 11.4–30.6 and 11.5–29.4 mm, respectively). We established the absence of antagonism between selected strains and entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis IMB-7186, fungi Beauveria bassiana IMB-F-100043. We found that treatment of barley seeds with culture liquids of Bacillus sp. KMB-3 and Bacillus sp. KMB-6 didn’t have a negative effect on the morphometric indices and dry weight of seedlings. We established that the highest percentage of growth inhibition of F. culmorum IMB-F-50716 was provided by a complex of Bacillus sp. KMB-3, B. bassiana IMB-F-100043 and B. thuringiensis IMB-7186, whose action was at the same level as the action of monoculture Bacillus sp. KMB-3 (85.4% and 84.7%, respectively). The highest percentage inhibition of growth of F. oxysporum ІМВ-F-54201 was provided by a complex of strains of Bacillus sp. KMB-3 and B. bassiana IMB-F-100043, whose effect was slightly inferior to that of the monoculture Bacillus sp. KMB-3 (68.4% and 75.1%, respectively). The insecticidal activity of complexes Bacillus sp. KMB-3, B. bassiana IMB-F-100043, B. thuringiensis IMB-7186 or Bacillus sp. KMB-6, B. bassiana IMB-F-100043, B. thuringiensis IMB-7186 insignificantly differed from that of the complex entomopathogens B. bassiana IMB-F-100043 and B. thuringiensis IMB-7186 (71.1%, 73.3% death versus 80.0%). The selected microbial complexes can be considered as promising for the development of a preparation for the protection of plants against fungal diseases and harmful insects.

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