BAL THERAPY IN CHRONIC LEAD POISONING

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-611
Author(s):  
RUDOLPH C. GIANNATTASIO ◽  
MICHAEL J. PIROZZI ◽  
ANDREW V. BEDO ◽  
KENNETH G. JENNINGS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Urinary Lead ◽  
Exacerbation Of Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication

Three cases of chronic lead intoxication have been presented which were treated with BAL in a dose of 4 mg./kg. body weight every four hours for 20 days. Cessation of symptoms were noted in every case. Resting urinary lead levels were increased three to sevenfold without exacerbation of symptoms of plumbism. BAL was found to be nontoxic in the dose used and acted as an effective deleading agent. The authors feel that this form of treatment merits use in both the chronic and acute phases of lead intoxication.

scholarly journals Renal Mechanism for Excretion of Porphyrin Precursors in Patients with Acute Intermittent Porphyria and Chronic Lead Poisoning

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT DRUYAN ◽  
BIRGITTA HAEGER-ARONSEN ◽  
WILFRIED VON STUDNITZ ◽  
JAN WALDENSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Acute Intermittent Porphyria ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Lead Workers ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication

Abstract Serum concentrations of ALA and PBG have been measured in normal subjects, patients with AIP, and lead workers. Both porphyrin precursors are significantly increased in serum from porphyric patients, and serum ALA is elevated in lead workers. Endogenous clearance measurements, when compared with creatinine clearances, are consistent with significant tubular reabsorption of ALA and PBG under physiologic circumstances, and with an "overflow" mechanism for increased excretion in AIP or lead intoxication. Three of 8 porphyric patients showed an aminoaciduria; tyrosine was involved in 2, tryptophan in the other 3. Evidence to suggest a specific renal defect contributing to increased ALA excretion in chronic lead intoxication was not obtained.

Acute Lead Intoxication due to Intravenous Injection

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sixel-Dietrich ◽  
M. Doss ◽  
C.H. Pfeil ◽  
H. Solcher
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Aminolaevulinic Acid ◽  
Urinary Coproporphyrin ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication ◽  
Pathologic Parameters

A case of acute lead poisoning due to intravenous injection of lead acetate is reported. The patient developed clinical and biochemical symptoms characteristic for acute hepatic porphyrias. Elevated urinary 5-aminolaevulinic acid and low porphobilinogen correlated to a lead-induced inhibition of 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydrase with diagnostically indicative reactivation rates by zinc and dithiothreitol. Urinary coproporphyrin excretion was also increased. Additional findings included anaemia and toxic hepatitis. Under the influence of elimination therapy with D-penicillamine pathologic parameters normalized. Except for transient neuralgic pains the patient did not experience any neurologic dysfunctions, thus contrasting the findings in chronic lead intoxication.

scholarly journals Long-term lead intoxication of Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus Hablizl, 1783) supposedly the result of illegal shooting

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Anton Stamenov ◽  
Ivanka Lazarova ◽  
Volen Arkumarev ◽  
Stefka Dimitrova ◽  
Nikolay Terziev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
Gyps Fulvus ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication

Abstract The European Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus is a large-sized scavenger exploiting carcasses of livestock and wild ungulates and thus having a paramount importance in the natural ecosystems. In this study, we report on an adult Griffon Vulture detected with lead levels in the bones over the threshold. After two years of tracking, the bird died. The corpse’s clinical examination and radiography detected the presence of two embedded lead pellets from a healed gunshot wound in its right wing. Quantitative laboratory analysis of lead in bone and liver samples evidencing subclinical/chronic lead intoxication of the Griffon Vulture could potentially be a result of the long-term exposure to the lead originating from the pellets in its wing.

Blood lead levels and risk factors for lead poisoning among children in Jakarta, Indonesia

2003 ◽  
Vol 301 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Albalak ◽  
Gary Noonan ◽  
Sharunda Buchanan ◽  
W.Dana Flanders ◽  
Carol Gotway-Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Lead Levels

Using unstimulated urinary lead excretion to assess the need for chelation in the treatment of lead poisoning

1990 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer G. Berger ◽  
Deborah J. Gregg ◽  
Paul A. Succop
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Urinary Lead

Deleading Dilemma: Pitfall in the Management of Childhood Lead Poisoning

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Susana Rey-Alvarez ◽  
Theresa Menke-Hargrave
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Supportive Evidence ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Childhood Lead Poisoning ◽  
Lead Poisoning Prevention ◽  
Poisoning Prevention

Deleading is a dangerous process which, if improperly done, can result in acute lead intoxication. The following case report illustrates what happened to an already-lead-poisoned child's lead level when he was not excluded from his apartment during deleading. Supportive evidence is provided from 12 additional cases recently seen by the same pediatric practice. The issues behind the failure of these families to vacate their apartments during deleading are discussed, and the need for lead-poisoning prevention programs to address these issues, particularly that of providing alternative shelter during deleading, is stressed. Society should adequately fund such programs so that they become a reality.

RAPID PROTOPORPHYRIN QUANTITATION FOR DETECTION OF LEAD POISONING

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-631
Author(s):  
Larry P. Kammholz ◽  
L. Gilbert Thatcher ◽  
Frederic M. Blodgett ◽  
Thomas A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Method ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Fluorescence Test

A rapid fluorescent method for estimation of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) is described. Simple ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid extractions are performed, fluorescence quantitated in a fluorimeter and expressed numerically by comparison with known coproporphyrin standards. Fifty-six children were studied and the extent of lead poisoning was evaluated initially and at different follow-up intervals. A clear relationship was shown between FEP fluorescence and blood lead levels. A correlation was also seen for the intensity of fluorescence and evidence for increased absorption of lead, as estimated by x-ray evidence of ingested lead and deposits in bone. Children with iron deficiency anemia also showed elevations of FEP fluorescence. This FEP fluorescence test allows for a rapid, numerical determination which appears to be useful as a screening test for lead intoxication. It can quickly select patients that may have markedly increased lead absorption and need prompt therapy or select those that at least require further studies for possible lead exposure or the presence of anemia.

Question Regarding Need for Treatment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-622
Author(s):  
Arthur W. Kaemmer ◽  
Byron R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Screening ◽  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Environmental Lead ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Elevated Blood Lead Levels

Dr. Greensher and his colleagues are to be congratulated for bringing to the readers' attention a most unusual source of lead poisoning. Inasmuch as many localities are initiating city-wide lead screening programs, it is obvious that pediatricians in this country will be seeing many children with abnormally elevated blood lead levels, and in many cases diligent efforts such as this will have to be undertaken to determine the exact source of the environmental lead. biggest problems with mass screening programs for lead poisoning are well outlined by Moriarty's article.2

Chronic Lead Intoxication at an Indoor Firing Range in Taiwan

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang-Tat Chau ◽  
Wang-Yi Chen ◽  
Tien-Mu Hsiao ◽  
Hong-Wen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lead Intoxication ◽  
Firing Range ◽  
Chronic Lead Intoxication

Evaluation of pteridine metabolism in battery workers chronically exposed to lead

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Engin ◽  
D Tuzun ◽  
G Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Urinary Lead ◽  
Urinary Neopterin ◽  
Battery Workers ◽  
Increased Activity

Occupationally-exposed lead affects the neuromuscular junction and might cause disturbances in the locomotor activity. This study was undertaken to evaluate pteridine metabolism, in which neurotransmitters are synthesized in battery workers. Urinary neopterin, biopterin and creatinine were measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Serum neopterin concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Blood dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activities and delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) were measured spectrophotometrically. Blood and urinary lead were detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Significantly increased blood and urinary lead levels, urinary neopterin, biopterin and delta-ALA were found in workers, while DHPR activities were indifferent compared to control group. Urinary creatinine decreased. This is the first study to demonstrate that increased activity of the pteridine pathway results in the accumulation of the neurotransmitters that may be responsible for the neurological disorders.

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