Increased IgE-Mediated Food Allergy With Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. S35-S36
Author(s):  
Monica T. Kraft ◽  
David Stukus
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis

scholarly journals Non-IgE-mediated food allergy: Evaluation and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Elissa M Abrams ◽  
Kyla J Hildebrand ◽  
Edmond S Chan
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Acute Management ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Refractory Emesis

Abstract The most common types of non-IgE-mediated food allergy are food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) and food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP). FPIES presents with delayed refractory emesis, while FPIAP presents with hematochezia in otherwise healthy infants. Acute management of FPIES includes rehydration or ondansetron, or both. No acute management is required for FPIAP. Long-term management of both disorders includes avoidance of the trigger food. The prognosis for both conditions is a high rate of resolution within a few years’ time.

scholarly journals Increased IgE-Mediated Food Allergy With Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. e20200202
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Martin ◽  
Yamini V. Virkud ◽  
Neelam A. Phadke ◽  
Kuan-Wen Su ◽  
Hannah Seay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis

Non-IgE Mediated Food Allergy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Antonella Cianferoni
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Food Challenges ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
Eosinophilic Disorders

Food allergies, defined as an immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 8% of young children and 2% of adults in western countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising like all allergic diseases. In addition to well-recognized urticaria and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody– mediated immune responses, there is an increasing recognition of cell-mediated disorders, such as eosinophilic esophagitis and food protein–induced enterocolitis. Non-IgE-Mediated gastrointestinal food allergies are a heterogeneous group of food allergies in which there is an immune reaction against food but the primary pathogenesis is not a production of IgE and activation of mast cells and basophils. Those diseases tend to affect mainly the gastrointestinal tract and can present as acute (FPIES) or chronic reaction, such as Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP). The role of food allergy in Non-EoE gastrointestinal Eosinophilic disorders (Non- EoE EGID) is poorly understood. In some diseases like EoE, T cell seems to play a major role in initiating the immunological reaction against food, however, in FPIES and FPIAP, the mechanism of sensitization is not clear. Diagnosis requires food challenges and/or endoscopies in most of the patients, as there are no validated biomarkers that can be used for monitoring or diagnosis of Non-IgE mediated food allergies. The treatment of Non-IgE food allergy is dependent on diet (FPIES, and EoE) and/or use of drugs (i.e. steroids, PPI) in EoE and Non-EoE EGID. Non-IgE mediated food allergies are being being investigated.

Non-IgE Mediated Food Allergy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Antonella Cianferoni
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Food Challenges ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
Eosinophilic Disorders

: Food allergies, defined as an immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 8% of young children and 2% of adults in western countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising like all allergic diseases. In addition to well-recognized urticaria and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody– mediated immune responses, there is an increasing recognition of cell-mediated disorders, such as eosinophilic esophagitis and food protein–induced enterocolitis. Non-IgE-Mediated gastrointestinal food allergies are a heterogeneous group of food allergies in which there is an immune reaction against food but the primary pathogenesis is not a production of IgE and activation of mast cells and basophils. : Those diseases tend to affect mainly the gastrointestinal tract and can present as acute (FPIES) or chronic reaction, such as Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP). The role of food allergy in Non-EoE gastrointestinal Eosinophilic disorders (Non- EoE EGID) is poorly understood. : In some diseases like EoE, T cell seems to play a major role in initiating the immunological reaction against food, however, in FPIES and FPIAP, the mechanism of sensitization is not clear. : Diagnosis requires food challenges and/or endoscopies in most of the patients, as there are no validated biomarkers that can be used for monitoring or diagnosis of Non-IgE mediated food allergies. : The treatment of Non-IgE food allergy is dependent on diet (FPIES, and EoE) and/or use of drugs (i.e. steroids, PPI) in EoE and Non-EoE EGID. : Non-IgE mediated food allergies are being being investigated.

Predictors for late tolerance development in food protein‐induced allergic proctocolitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. e11-e18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar Gur Cetinkaya ◽  
Melike Kahveci ◽  
Betül Karaatmaca ◽  
Saliha Esenboga ◽  
Umit Murat Sahiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Tolerance Development ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis

Background: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a non‐immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy that typically presents with blood-mixed mucoid stool. Objective: To identify the predictors that affect the tolerance development in infants with FPAIP and laboratory as well as clinical differences between patients with early and with late tolerance. Methods: A total of 185 infants with FPIAP were included. The patients were grouped and analyzed based on laboratory tests and clinical characteristics. Results: The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of onset of symptoms was 2.0 months (1.0‐3.0 months). Symptoms began in severe cases in patients (n = 23) at a younger median (IQR) age (1.5 months [0.7‐2.0 months]) than the group with nonsevere presentation (median 2.0 months [IQR 1.5‐3.0 months]) (p < 0.001). The frequency of neutropenia (<1500/mm3) (p = 0.045) and eosinophilia (450 mm3) (p = 0.018) was increased in severe cases. Concomitant IgE-related food allergy (odds ratio [OR] 3.595 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.096‐11.788], p = 0.035), non‐IgE-mediated multiple food allergy (OR 3.577 [95% CI, 1.595‐8.018], p = 0.002), feeding with cow's milk‐based formula (at least once during infancy) (OR 2.517 [95% CI, 1.188‐5.333], p = 0.016), and late complementary feeding (OR 5.438 [95% CI, 2.693‐10.981], p < 0.001) were the predictors for late tolerance development. The estimated optimal cutoff value for introduction of complementary foods for the resolution of allergy was 5.5 months, with 69.4% sensitivity, 74.4% specificity, and an area under the curve of 0.737 (95% CI, 0.626‐0.812) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the early introduction of complementary feeding accelerates tolerance development in FPAIP. A longer duration of an elimination diet has no impact on the resolution of allergy. Physicians should consider conservative avoidance measures and earlier introduction of complementary feeding in FPIAP.

scholarly journals Longitudinal disease-associated gut microbiome differences in infants with early food allergic manifestations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Martin ◽  
Yamini Virkud ◽  
Ehud Dahan ◽  
Hannah Seay ◽  
Hera Vlamakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Mechanistic Investigation ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Complex interactions between the gut microbiome and immune cells in infancy are thought to be part of the pathogenesis for the marked rise in pediatric allergic diseases, particularly food allergies. Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is commonly the earliest recognized non-IgE-mediated food allergy in infancy and is associated with atopic dermatitis and subsequent IgE-mediated food allergy later in childhood. Yet, a large prospective longitudinal study of the microbiome of infants with FPIAP (including samples prior to symptom onset) has not been done. Here we analyzed 954 longitudinal samples from 160 infants in a nested case-control study (81 who developed FPIAP, and 79 matched controls) from 1 week to 1 year of age by 16S rRNA ribosomal gene sequencing as part of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome and Allergic Proctocolitis (GMAP) Study. We confirmed that vaginally delivered infants had a greater abundance of Bacteroides, infants who received any breast milk had a greater abundance of Bifidobacterium, and that overall bacterial richness rose over the first year. We found key differences in the microbiome of infants with FPIAP, most strongly a higher abundance of a genus of Enterobacteriaceae and a lower abundance of a family of Clostridiales during the symptomatic period, as well as other key taxonomic differences across symptom states including prior to symptom onset. This study contributes to the larger body of literature examining structural development of the early life gut microbiome and provides a foundation for more mechanistic investigation into the pathogenesis and microbial effects on FPIAP and subsequent food allergic diseases in childhood.

scholarly journals A clinical perspective on food-relatA Clinical Perspective on Food-Related Diseases in the First Year of Lifeed diseases in the first year of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Hopp
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
First Year ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Food-related disease processes can have a wide presentation picture. We present here a review of their clinical patterns in infants to allow a prompt diagnosis and appropriate management. Included in the discussion in infants from birth to 12 months includes IgE-mediated food allergy, food protein–induced allergic proctocolitis , food protein enterocolitis syndrome, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease. The bibliography is updated to the past two years unless the latest guideline pre-dated 2018, or the reference was of a classic nature.

scholarly journals Updates on Food Allergy, Increasingly Prevalent Challenge

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Tonny Tanus ◽  
Sunny Wangko
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Abstrak: Prevalensi alergi makanan makin meningkat di seluruh dunia dan mengenai semua usia. Keparahan dan kompleksitas penyakit juga meningkat terlebih pada populasi anak. Terdapat beberapa jenis reaksi alergi yang dibahas: immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated allergies and anaphylaxis, food triggered atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, dan non IgE mediated gastrointestinal food allergic disorders seperti food protein induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIEs). Tes alergi, baik melalui kulit maupun IgE yang telah dikerjakan sekian lama masih dibebani dengan hasil positif palsu dan negatif palsu yang bermakna dengan manfaat terbatas pada beberapa alergi makanan. Selain menghindari, tidak terdapat terapi yang ampuh untuk alergi makanan. Berbagai imunoterapi telah dipelajari melalui jalur, subkutan, epikutan, oral dan sublingual yang hanya menghasilkan desensitisasi sementara dan dibebani dengan berbagai isu mengenai keamanannya. Agen biologik yang menghambat sitokin/interleukin (IL) dan molekul pada reaksi alergi makanan tampaknya merupakan pilihan yang menjanjikan. Anti IgE telah dipergunakan pada asma dan urtikaria kronis. Anti IL-4 dan IL-13 yang menghambat produksi IgE diindikasikan untuk dermatitis atopik. Anti eosinofil anti IL-5 berhasil menurunkan eksaserbasi asma. Berbagai agen biologik telah dipelajari untuk berbagai kondisi alergik dan imunologik, tetapi efektivitas dan kepraktisan terapi yang mahal ini untuk alergi makanan masih menjadi tanda tanya.Kata kunci: alergi makanan, reaksi alergi, terapi alergi makananAbstract: Food allergies have been increasing in prevalence for years affecting all ages. Disease severity and complexity have also increased, especially in the pediatric population. There are several types of reactions including: immunoglobulin-E (IgE) mediated allergies and anaphylaxis, food-triggered atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and non IgE mediated gastrointestinal food allergic disorders such as FPIEs. Though allergy testing has been around for years, both skin and IgE testing are burdened by significant false positives and negatives, and are only useful in some food allergies. Avoidance is the sole therapy for food allergy. A variety of immunotherapies have been studied; subcutaneous, epicutaneous, oral, and sublingual. At best they only produce a temporary state of desensitization and have many safety issues. Examples of biologicals which block critical cytokines/interleukins (IL) in allergic conditions are Anti IgE, anti IL-4 and IL-13, and Anti eosinophils, Anti IL-5. Other biologicals are being studied for allergic conditions, but whether these expensive future treatments will be proven effective and practical in food allergy is unknown.Keywords: food allergy, allergic reaction, food allergy therapy

scholarly journals Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Protein-Induced Allergic Disorders. Clinical Perspectives and Analytical Approaches

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2662
Author(s):  
Elisa Zubeldia-Varela ◽  
Tomás Clive Barker-Tejeda ◽  
Frank Blanco-Pérez ◽  
Sonsoles Infante ◽  
José M. Zubeldia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Food Allergy ◽  
Allergic Proctocolitis ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy (non-IgE-GI-FA) is the name given to a series of pathologies whose main entities are food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP), food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). These are more uncommon than IgE-mediated food allergies, their mechanisms remain largely unknown, and their diagnosis is mainly done by clinical history, due to the lack of specific biomarkers. In this review, we present the latest advances found in the literature about clinical aspects, the current diagnosis, and treatment options of non-IgE-GI-FAs. We discuss the use of animal models, the analysis of gut microbiota, omics techniques, and fecal proteins with a focus on understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of these pathologies and obtaining possible diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we discuss the unmet needs that researchers should tackle to advance in the knowledge of these barely explored pathologies.

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