Tuberculosis Pulmonar Infantil

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-165
Author(s):  
MARGARET H. D. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Primary Complex ◽  
Hematogenous Dissemination ◽  
Segmental Anatomy ◽  
Congenital Tuberculosis ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis

This profusely and very beautifully illustrated textbook should be a welcome addition to the libraries of our Spanish-reading colleagues. Particularly good chapters on segmental anatomy of the lungs and on roentgenographic findings in the chest in tuberculous children are followed by chapters on the evolution of the primary complex; on endobronchial tuberculosis and obstructive lesions; pleurisy and pericarditis; progressive primary lesions with cavitation; hematogenous dissemination; chronic pulmonary tuberculosis of "reinfection" type in children and adolescents. Shorter chapters are devoted to such special problems as primary infection during puberty, primary infection in adults, congenital tuberculosis and the chronology of tuberculous infection in children.

scholarly journals THE PECULIARITIES OF DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
N.S. Pravada ◽  
◽  
A.M. Budritskiy ◽  
V.A. Seryogina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children ◽  
Family Contact

Objectives. To assess the peculiarities of diagnosis and clinical course of tuberculosis in children and adolescents. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of outpatient records of children and adolescents with tuberculosis in Vitebsk region during the period from 2016 to 2020 was made. Results. In the tuberculous disease structure in children and adolescents, pulmonary tuberculosis (infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis) prevails. In the majority of cases, tuberculosis was diagnosed during adolescence. Almost all of the sick had close family contact with tuberculosis patients. The medical risk group included 25% of patients. In patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis, symptoms and changes in the total blood count were observed only in the phase of disintegration and seeding. Bacteriological excreters made up 75% of cases. More than half of children and adolescents with tuberculosis had multidrug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Immunodiagnosing plays an important role in the detection of tuberculosis in children and adolescents. Among the sick children, only extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis were recorded. Conclusions. Most often, tuberculosis in children and adolescents affects the respiratory organs and is asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. 75% of patients were bacteria discharging persons, more than half of them having multidrug resistance. Family contact is of great importance in tuberculosis in children and adolescents. Doctors of all specialties need to have phthisiatric alertness in relation to patients with diseases of various localization resistant to nonspecific therapy, especially to persons with chronic diseases and to those who contact with patients suffering from tuberculosis. In case of ineffective antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to take the material for the study and verification of tuberculous infection and to carry out immunodiagnosing of tuberculosis.

INDICATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF ASYMPTOMATIC TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-731
Author(s):  
Robert L. Yeager
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Primary Complex ◽  
Open Cavities ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children

FROM 1915 until 1930, medical literature was filled with discussions concerning the necessity of the treatment of patients whose roentgenograms showed open cavities but who in other respects were relatively asymptomatic. In many instances such patients were offered little or no treatment. From 1925 to 1945 authors questioned the necessity of the treatment of minimal, but otherwise asymptomatic tuberculosis. Now all agree that such cases should be treated. In the early days after the discovery of streptomycin, antimicrobials were reserved for those patients who showed progressive pulmonary tuberculosis while under other forms of treatment. It was common to save chemotherapy until it was needed. Today, in any tuberculosis hospital, approximately 100% of the patients admitted, and proven to have tuberculosis, will be treated with chemotherapy. It is a well-established fact that a primary infection confers a certain degree of resistance to reinfection. The good effects of the primary infection have been so fully studied both in experimental animals and in humans, particularly in regard to the program of vaccination, that the deleterious effects have been frequently overlooked. A person who is a recent tuberculin converter undoubtedly has living tubercle bacilli in his body. No one has yet proven what happens to these bacilli either in the experimental animal or in the human. For years it was assumed, but without positive proof, that they slowly or rapidly died. It is now realized that while they may not multiply, they may remain dormant but living in the lymph node component of the primary complex.

scholarly journals Endobronchial tuberculosis: histopathological subsets and microbiological results

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevket Ozkaya ◽  
Salih Bilgin ◽  
Serhat Findik ◽  
Hayriye Çete Kök ◽  
Canan Yuksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Tuberculous Infection ◽  
Bronchial Lavage ◽  
Culture Positivity ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Histopathological Evidence

Background: Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is defined as a tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence, with or without parenchymal involvement. Bronchoscopic appearances of EBTB have been divided into seven subtypes: actively caseating, edematous-hyperemic, fibrostenotic, tumorous, granular, ulcerative, and nonspecific bronchitic. However, information for establishing a definite microbiological diagnosis in each of these categories is lacking. We aimed to present bronchoscopic appearances and percentages for the EBTB subtypes and to compare bronchoscopic appearances with microbiological positivity in bronchial lavage fluid. Methods: From 2003 to 2009, 23 biopsy-proven EBTB patients were enrolled in the study. Diagnosis of EBTB was histopathologically confirmed in all patients. Results: The commonest subtype was the edematous-hyperemic type (34.7%); other subtypes in order of occurrence were: tumorous (21.7%), granular (17.3%), actively caseating (17.3%), fibrostenotic (4.3%), and nonspecific bronchitic (4.3%). Although all patients were sputum-smear-negative for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), 26% of patients were smear-positive for AFB in the bronchial lavage fluid. The bronchial lavage fluid grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 39.1% of all patients. The bronchial lavage smear positivity for AFB in the bronchial lavage fluid was 75%, 25%, 20%, 12.5%, 0%, and 0% for the granular, actively caseating, tumorous, edematous-hyperemic, fibrostenotic, and nonspecific bronchitic subtypes of EBTB, respectively. Culture positivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchial lavage fluid was 75%, 50%, 40%, 25%, 0%, and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: The commonest subtype of EBTB was the edematous-hyperemic subtype. The granular type had the highest smear positivity and culture positivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchial lavage fluid. Bronchoscopy should be performed in all patients suspected to have EBTB.

scholarly journals Congenital Tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-146
Author(s):  
Nandita Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Congenital Tuberculosis ◽  
Caries Spine

2 month old baby presented with huge hepato-splenomegaly, ascites & pallor, , born to a mother suffering from fever and backache since last 4 months. Hypo-echoic shadows in liver, spleen and abdominal lymph nodes on USG & CT-scan and acute-on-chronic inflammation of liver by FNAC suggested Congenital Tuberculosis. Investigations in mother revealed Pulmonary Tuberculosis & Caries Spine, confirming the diagnosis of Congenital Tuberculosis in the baby. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10910 J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):144-146 

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE AIR-BORNE TUBERCULOSIS IN THE RABBIT

1949 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Heppleston
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Chief Factor ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Normal Lung Tissue ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Stationary Condition ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Tuberculin Reaction

1. Pulmonary tuberculosis in unselected rabbits, induced by primary quantitative air-borne infection with human type tubercle bacilli, may retrogress or progress. Some animals whose disease was in a stationary condition might have fallen into one of the above groups had the experiments been prolonged. 2. Within the limits of the observations natural resistance or susceptibility appears to be the chief factor in determining the course of the disease. 3. Following the development of the primary lesions the tuberculin reaction became positive but thereafter proved to be an unreliable indicator of the course of the disease. 4. Tubercle bacilli can be recovered from macroscopically normal lung tissue of rabbits several weeks after primary infection. 5. Reinfection did not induce the formation of new lesions nor alter the course of the disease caused by the primary infection.

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