BENIGN INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION AND OTITIC HYDROCEPHALUS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-259
Author(s):  
J. GORDON MILLICHAP
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pseudotumor Cerebri ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Abducens Palsy ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Normal Composition ◽  
Infants And Young Children

BENIGN intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri, as the condition is termed more frequently, is a syndrome of increased intracranial pressure with a normal ventricular system and cerebrospinal fluid of normal composition. Headache of moderate degree is the most common symptom and vomiting, impairment of vision and diplopia occur less often; papilledema and abducens palsy are the usual neurologic signs. The prognosis is almost invariably good. Although few reports of the syndrome are found in pediatric literature, its occurrence is relatively common during childhood. The review of reports by Davidoff, Foley, and others has disclosed that 84 (37%) of 224 patients were children and of these 75 (90%) were between 5 and 15 years of age. The infrequent occurrence or recognition of the syndrome in infants and young children is noteworthy.

scholarly journals Optic fenestration in benign intracranial hypertension: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2289
Author(s):  
Manish Munjal ◽  
Monika Singla ◽  
Sahil Goel ◽  
Porshia Rishi ◽  
Nitika Tuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pseudotumor Cerebri ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Visual Effects ◽  
Emergency Intervention ◽  
Diamond Burr

<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-US">Condition of raised intracranial pressure without any mass lesion and normal cerebrospinal fluid composition is termed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri. Raised intracranial tension with visual effects was treated by trans-sphenoidal optic fenestration as an emergency intervention to salvage the vision. The lamina papyracea on either side was lifted off the orbital periosteum and thick bone of the ethmoid sphenoidal junction was drilled with a diamond burr to thin it and elevate the bone covering the optic nerve.</span></p>

Otologic Symptoms and Findings of the Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome: A Preliminary Report

1985 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides Sismanis ◽  
Gordon B. Hughes ◽  
Esrafil Abedi ◽  
George H. Williams ◽  
Larry A. Isrow
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pseudotumor Cerebri ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pulsatile Tinnitus ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome

Pseudotumor cerebri or benign intracranial hypertension is a syndrome characterized by increased intracranial pressure without focal signs of neurologic dysfunction. The clinical manifestations of this syndrome are usually headache and/or disturbance of vision. Although tinnitus, hearing loss, and vertigo have been described in association with intracranial hypertension, otologic symptomatology as the presenting manifestation of this syndrome has not been previously reported. In this article we report the otologic symptoms and findings of two pseudotumor cerebri patients, one of whom presented with pulsatile tinnitus. The pathogenesis of the otologic symptoms, diagnostic workup, and management of these patients are discussed.

Benign intracranial hypertension associated with inhaled corticosteroids in a child with asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e242455
Author(s):  
James Trayer ◽  
Declan O'Rourke ◽  
Lorraine Cassidy ◽  
Basil Elnazir
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid ◽  
Moderate Dose ◽  
Opening Pressure ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Corticosteroid Dose ◽  
Steroid Side Effects

A 13-year-old male asthmatic presented to the general paediatric clinic with papilloedema identified following a check-up with his optician due to blurred vision. His asthma was well controlled on a moderate dose of inhaled corticosteroid and there had been no recent increase or decrease in the dose. A diagnosis of benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) was made based on a raised cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure, papilloedema, a normal neurological examination and normal neuroimaging. The only associated risk factor was his inhaled corticosteroids. He was commenced on acetazolamide and the inhaled corticosteroid dose was reduced, resulting in resolution of his papilloedema. This case serves to highlight that steroid side effects including BIH may occur at moderate doses of inhaled corticosteroids and that inhaled corticosteroid dose should be regularly reviewed and decreased to the lowest dose that maintains asthma control.

Significance of Empty Sella in Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney J. Schlosser ◽  
William E. Bolger
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Radiographic Finding ◽  
Empty Sella ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks ◽  
Csf Leaks

OBJECTIVE: The role of elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressures in the pathophysiology of various CSF leaks is not clear. Empty sella syndrome (ESS) is a radiographic finding that can be associated with elevated CSF pressures and may represent a radiographic indicator of intracranial hypertension. We present our experience with CSF leaks of various causes, the prevalence of ESS in the spontaneous and nonspontaneous categories, and the potential pathophysiology and unique management issues of the spontaneous CSF leak group. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records, imaging studies, and surgical treatment of CSF leaks in patients treated by the senior author. RESULTS: Sixteen patients with spontaneous CSF leaks and 12 patients with nonspontaneous CSF leaks were surgically treated from 1996 through 2002. In the spontaneous group, 15 patients had complete imaging of the sella turcica. Ten had completely empty sellae and 5 had partially empty sellae, for a total of 100% (15 of 15). In the nonspontaneous group, 9 patients had complete imaging of the sella. Only 11% (1 of 9) had a partially empty sella and that was a congenital leak. Comparison of proportions between these 2 groups was significant ( P = 0.01). The spontaneous group consisted primarily of obese, middle-aged females (13 of 16 patients). CONCLUSION: Empty sella probably represents a sign of elevated intracranial pressure that leads to idiopathic, spontaneous CSF leaks. Spontaneous CSF leaks are strongly associated with the radiographic finding of an empty sella and are more common in obese females, similar to benign intracranial hypertension. This unique population may require more aggressive surgical and medical treatment to prevent recurrent or multiple leaks.

Decreased levels of aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 1379-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Doppler ◽  
Morten Schütt ◽  
Claudia Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein 4

Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is characterized by increased intracranial pressure. Its pathogenesis is largely unknown. Aquaporins may play a role in the homeostasis of cerebrospinal fluid. Methods We aimed to elucidate the role of aquaporins in idiopathic intracranial hypertension by measuring the level of aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of 28 patients and 29 controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The adipokines leptin and retinol-binding protein 4 were also measured. Results We found a reduction in aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Leptin levels were increased in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients and were correlated with weight, body mass index and body fat. There was no difference between patients and controls in the levels of aquaporin-4 and retinol-binding protein 4. Conclusion Our data suggest that an imbalance of aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder.

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