WHY AND HOW ARE CHILDREN FAT?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
WILLIAM M. WALLACE
Keyword(s):  
Violent Death ◽  
Lord Of The Flies ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One ◽  
Eventual Loser

IN SONG AND STORY, obesity has always had an association with the positive and happy values of life. The fat person was the image of the one to be trusted. He was kind, happy, jolly, and successful. If he were lazy, it was a good sort of laziness. If he were the butt of a joke, the jokester was the eventual loser. In the female, two standard deviations above mean weight was a sign of beauty. Today all this, for not easily discernible reasons, is changed. The pediatrician who would begin the study of obesity today could well start with a study of Piggy in the "Lord of the Flies." Either by intent or intuition, Golding has made him physically inept, myopic, frightened, and carried to an early and violent death, his wisdom and foresight unheeded.

Quantitative Analysis of Limonin in Grapefruit Juice Using an Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay: Interlaboratory Study

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbur W Widmer ◽  
Russell L Rouseff
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One

Abstract Eleven laboratories participated in an interlaboratory study of an enzyme-linked immunoassay for limonin in grapefruit Juice. Participating laboratories received training and practice samples until familiar with the procedure. Laboratories then received 8 sample pairs of grapefruit Juice as blind duplicates. Samples were refrigerated and analyzed within 4 days of receipt. Results from 1 laboratory and 6 Individual samples were excluded from the statistical analysis. Method performance was measured by the one-way component of variance analysis. Repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 7.0 to 15.6%. Reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 12.9 to 29.4%

scholarly journals DETERMINING αs FROM MEASUREMENTS AT Z: HOW NATURE PROMPTS US ABOUT NEW PHYSICS

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (07) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SHIFMAN
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One

The value of αs (Mz) emerging from the so-called global fits based mainly on the data at the Z peak (and assuming the standard model) is three standard deviations higher than the one stemming from the low-energy phenomenology. The corresponding value of Λ QCD is very large, ~500 MeV, and is incompatible with crucial features of QCD. If persists, the discrepancy should be interpreted as due to contributions to the Z-quark-antiquark vertices which go beyond the standard model.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Stylistic Analysis of Characterization in Golding’s Lord of the Flies

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Ahmed Srieh ◽  
Mahdi Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Fictional Character ◽  
Lord Of The Flies ◽  
The One

Characterization is commonly known in stylistics to be the cognitive process in the readers' minds when comprehending a fictional character in a literary work .In one approach, it is assumed that characters are the outcome of the interaction between the words in the text on the one hand and the contents of our heads on the other. This paper is an attempt to understand how characterization is achieved by applying Culpeper’s (2001) model which seems to be to present a method of analysis that is more objective and more systematic in analyzing characters. Two characters are selected for discussion; Ralph and Jack from Golding’s (1954) Lord of the Flies. The novel talks about the corruption of human beings and the capacity of evil they have. The results show that Ralph and Jack are antithetical in many aspects; Ralph represents the rational civilized boy whereas Jack represents the savage brutal boy.

scholarly journals On Using a Normal Approximation for the Noncentral t-Distribution in Determining Upper Limits for Future Sample Relative Repeatability and Reproducibility Standard Deviations

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-328
Author(s):  
Foster D McClure ◽  
Jung K Lee
Keyword(s):  
Normal Approximation ◽  
Approximation Formula ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Study ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One ◽  
T Distribution ◽  
Future Sample

Abstract Formulas, based on a normal approximation for the noncentral t-distribution, were developed to compute 100p one-tailed upper limits for future sample relative repeatability and relative reproducibility standard deviations (RSDr, and RSDR,) collaboratively obtained under a completely randomized model. The accuracy of the formulas for obtaining a one-tailed upper limit for the future sample RSDr, was assessed by comparing the computed noncentral t-distribution-based upper limits with the one-tailed upper limits based on a normal approximation for the noncentral t-distribution. The accuracy of the normal approximation formula for obtaining a one-tailed upper limit for a future sample RSDR, was assessed by comparing the formula-based one-tailed upper limits with those obtained in a Monte Carlo simulation study.

Alcohol as a Precursor to Violent Death

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Violent Death ◽  
Public Place ◽  
Armed Robbery ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Single Vehicle ◽  
Factor Data ◽  
The One ◽  
At Home

Of the sudden unexpected apparently natural deaths which lack well documented previous natural disease history, a little less than one-third are found to be associated with the direct complications of alcoholism. In the field of violence, alcohol appears to be the one single most prominent and universal factor. Data are presented which indicate that approximately two-thirds of single vehicle driver fatalities involve drinking drivers; almost four out of five having alcohol levels greater than 0.10 percent. Simiarly, approximately two-thirds of homocide victims have been drinking because drunken brawls invariably occur in an alcoholic environment at home or a public place. Unfortunately the statistics on homicide become confused because of the tendency to combine drunken brawl homicides with the far more serious and fearful armed robbery executions and contract killings. There is need to revise our record keeping and study systems in order to more properly categorize homicides.

scholarly journals Tendências e Prognósticos de Chuvas em Seis Microrregiões do Estado da Paraíba (Trends and Forecasts of Rain in Six Regions of Paraíba State)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Salviano de Sousa ◽  
Heliene Ferreira De Morais ◽  
Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Mann Kendall Test ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One

Neste trabalho foram utilizadas séries temporais de precipitação pluviométrica de 54 municípios para estimar tendências e prognósticos de chuvas em seis microrregiões do estado da Paraíba, com base no teste estatístico de Mann-Kendall e em modelo prognóstico para cenários com horizontes de 50 e 100 anos. Os maiores valores de desvios-padrão foram registrados na microrregião do Litoral, variando entre 481,4 mm no município de Santa Rita e 601,1 mm em João Pessoa. Os menores ocorreram no Cariri, oscilando entre 189,9 mm em Cabaceiras e 273,3 mm em Monteiro. Observou-se alternância de tendências crescente e decrescente nos vários municípios estudados, com destaque para a microrregião do Brejo que apresentou tendência crescente de chuva em todos os municípios. Quanto aos prognósticos da precipitação, Alhandra, situada na microrregião do Litoral, apresentou os prognósticos mais elevados. Nesse município a estimativa de chuvas para 2050 é de 1791,0 mm e para 2100 é de 1962,6 mm. A microrregião do Cariri foi a que apresentou os menores prognósticos. A estimativa para Picuí em 2050 é de 369,7 mm e para São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro, em 2100 é de 266,5 mm.  Palavras-chave: Teste de Mann-Kendall, modelo prognóstico e precipitação pluvial Trends and Forecasts of Rain in Six Regions of Paraíba State  ABSTRACT In this work we used time series of rainfall of 54 municipalities to estimate trends and forecasts of rain in six regions of the State of Paraíba-based statistical test of Mann-Kendall and prognostic model for scenarios with horizons of 50 and 100 years. The highest values of standard deviations were recorded in the micro region of the Coast, ranging from 481.4 mm in Santa Rita and 601.1 mm in Joao Pessoa. The minors in Cariri, ranging between 189.9 mm and 273.3 mm in Cabaceiras and Monteiro. Observed alternating increasing and decreasing trends in the various districts studied, especially the micro to the Swamp presented increasing trend of rainfall in all municipalities. As for predictions of precipitation, Alhambra, located in the micro region of the Coast had the highest predictions. In this municipality, the estimate for 2050 rainfall is 1791.0 mm and for 2100 is 1962.6 mm. The micro Cariri was the one with the lowest predictions. The estimate for Picuí in 2050 is 369.7 mm and São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro in 2100 is 266.5 mm.  Keywords: Mann-Kendall test, prognostic model and rainfall

scholarly journals METAMOTIVES OF POWERFUL DEATH IN PROSE OF GAYTO GAZDANOV

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
E.E. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Literary Texts ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Altered State ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Moral Transformation ◽  
Altered State Of Consciousness ◽  
The One ◽  
The Buddha

The article analyzes the role of the metamotive of violent death in the poetry poetry of Gazdanov (The Return of the Buddha, The Phantom of Alexander Wolf, The Prisoner). In this case, the motive for the murder is considered in connection with the motive of sleep as a single semantic complex, reflecting the transgression of going beyond the limits of present reality. The Oneirotop in these works not only defines the modes of the impossible (such as the elimination of reality through the narration of the ghost in “Return of the Buddha” or irrealism in “The Ghost of Alexander Wolf”), but also conveys the immanent author’s strategy of “rebirth”. In this article, the gazdanov hero’s intention to gain selfhood is first described in terms of Gurdjieff’s ideas (“man-sleeping machine”, “pluralism of consciousness”, etc.). Gazdanov's literary texts correlate with the provisions of his teaching on the moral transformation of personality. Using traditional methods of continuous sampling, motivational and typological analysis, specific features of the metamotive of violent death were revealed by G. Gazdanov in intertextual coverage. The Gazdanov hero is represented in the anthropological paradigm of F. Schiller-A. Pushkin-F. Dostoevsky, on the one hand, on the other hand, defines his place in the romantic series of “extra people” coming from Adolf Constant. The altered state of consciousness in the form of a fight against sleep, which is observed in all texts and allows us to talk about the metatextuality of the topic of murder in the writer's work, is separately noted. Through the prism of the meta-motive of violent death, a new approach is proposed to understanding G. Gazdanov’s dominant discourse of mortality, which is presented as an intention to “awakening”. The experience of transition in the context of the phantom and likeness of war and emigration totally eliminates historical reality and is assessed as anti-stabilization. At the same time, the unshakable faith of the lyrical hero in “rebirth” manifests vitalism, which turns out to be the paradoxical underside of mortality

A Damping Modification Factor Prediction Model for Horizontal Displacement Spectrum from Subduction Interface Earthquakes in Japan Accounting for Site Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 1231-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
John X. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Site Effect ◽  
Residual Distribution ◽  
Period Range ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Modification Factor ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT This article presents a damping modification factor (DMF) model without source and path parameters for subduction interface earthquakes in Japan using a similar dataset as the one used in the Zhao, Liang, et al. (2016) study. Site effect was modeled by site classes based on site periods. DMF models were constructed using the spectra for 13 damping ratios at 34 spectral periods. The DMF values can be calculated in a damping ratio range of 1%–30% and in a spectral period range of 0.03–5.0 s. The effect of damping ratios was modeled by a simple quadratic function of the damping ratios in the logarithm scale, and the effect of the spectral period was modeled by a simple fourth-order polynomial of the spectral period also in the logarithm scale. The DMF value is 1.0 at a spectral period of ≤0.02  s . At long periods >5.0  s, the DMFs for different damping ratios appear to converge to 1.0, satisfying the condition of constant displacement spectrum at long periods. For an extrapolation to >5.0  s for a damping ratio <5%, DMF=1.0 can be selected when DMF<1.0; for a damping ratio >5%, DMF=1.0 can be selected when DMF>1.0. For a damping ratio <5%, all standard deviations decrease linearly with increasing damping ratios in the logarithm scale; for a damping ratio >5%, all standard deviations increase linearly with increasing damping ratios in the logarithm scale. A smoothed displacement spectrum useful for engineering designs can be obtained by scaling the spectrum from Zhao, Liang, et al. (2016). The DMF values from this study are close to those of the published models at some spectral periods. The residual distribution suggests that DMFs are functions of earthquake source and path parameters.

A note on the ability of three portable ultrasonic probes to predict backfat thickness in cattle

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-248
Author(s):  
C. S. Eveleigh ◽  
C. J. Thwaites ◽  
P. B. Hassab ◽  
D. G. Paton ◽  
R. J. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Experienced Operator ◽  
Prediction Residual ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The One ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

ABSTRACTThree portable ultrasonic probes (Scanoprobe, Meritronics and Krautkramer), each used by the one experienced operator, were found to be superior to the visual and tactile assessments of two experienced judges in predicting carcass backfat depth (range 4 to 20 mm) in 132 live steers. Residual standard deviations for the three probe/operator combinations were 2·01, 2·16 and 2·77 mm respectively; those for the judges were 2·96 and 3·09 mm. Combining ultrasonic estimates by multiple regression improved slightly the accuracy of prediction (residual s.d. = 1·87 mm), the level of which was comparable to that previously reported for scanning ultrasonic instruments used on pigs.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

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