The Reconvictions of Mentally Disordered Offenders - How, When, and Where?

Background Little is known about the recidivism of mentally disordered offenders after discharge from forensic psychiatric services. This is problematic because such knowledge could (i) help professionals who come into contact with this group to better plan interventions to prevent recidivism and (ii) clarify the effectiveness of forensic psychiatric care. The aim of this study was to investigate the new crimes of mentally disordered offenders who had been reconvicted after discharge from forensic psychiatric care. Methods Included in this study were all individuals who had been discharged from forensic psychiatric care in Sweden during 2009-2018, were included in the Swedish National Forensic Psychiatric Register, and had been reconvicted in a criminal court within the follow-up period of 2009-2018 (n=157). Retrospective registry data along with coded data from criminal judgments (n=210) were used to create a database. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results 75% of included individuals were reconvicted for at least one violent crime, but only 9 individuals were reconvicted for a serious violent crime, which can be compared to the 44 individuals with serious violent index crimes. The most common crime was “Other violent”. The most common sentence was probation. The offender’s most common relationship to the victim was having no known relationship, followed by the victim being a person of authority. The most common circumstance of the crime leading to the reconviction was that it occurred without apparent provocation; other common circumstances were related to the exercise of public authority. The most common crime scene was a public place. Conclusions Even though the reconvictions of this group included many violent crimes, there were very few serious violent crimes. The finding that the victims of the crimes of mentally disordered offenders are most commonly either unknown to the perpetrator or persons of authority, and that the crimes are often perpetrated without apparent provocation or reason, is important information for all professionals who come into contact with this group and should be taken into consideration in order to assess risk more accurately.

Who should get the scarce ICU bed? The US public’s view on triage in the time of COVID-19

ObjectiveTo determine the relative importance members of the US public place on different patient attributes in triage decisions about who should receive the last available intensive care unit (ICU) bed.MethodsA discrete choice experiment was conducted with a nationally representative sample of 2000 respondents from the YouGov internet panel of US households. Respondents chose which of three hypothetical patients with COVID-19 should receive an ICU bed if only one were available. The three patients differed in age, gender, Alzheimer’s-like disability and probability of survival if the patient received the ICU bed. An experimental design varied the values of the four attributes of the three hypothetical patients with COVID-19 that a respondent saw in four choice tasks.ResultsThe most important patient attribute to respondents was the probability the patient survives COVID-19 if they get the ICU bed (OR CI: 4.41 to 6.91). There was heterogeneity among different age groups of respondents about how much age of the patient mattered. Respondents under 30 years of age were more likely to choose young patients and old patients, and less likely to select patients aged 40–60 years old. For respondents in the age group 30–49 years old, as the age of the patient declined, their preference for saving the patient declined modestly in a linear fashion.ConclusionsRespondents favoured giving the last ICU bed available to the patient with the highest probability of surviving COVID-19. Public opinion suggests a simple guideline for physician choices based on likelihood of survival as opposed to the number of life-years saved. There was heterogeneity among respondents of different age groups for allocating the last ICU bed, as well as to the importance of the patient having an Alzheimer’s-like disability (where religion of the respondent is important) and the gender of the patient (where the gender and racial identity are important).

Historical Site Teresinense

Architecture is inevitably involved in the most diverse processes that determine urban dynamics, and, therefore, it is important to contextualize it, understanding its heritage relevance, as well as the historical, cultural and urban value of the place where it is built. This article seeks, therefore, to build a panorama that links the urban evolution of the city of Teresina to the work of engineer Cícero Ferraz de Sousa Martins, who stands out as a relevant sample of the architecture produced during the first half of the 20th century in the capital of Piauí. This relationship is structured in the study of Avenida Frei Serafim, which houses a large part of this engineer's productions and whose construction represents, for Teresina, a milestone in its urbanization, giving the city a centrality independent of its initial site. Therefore, the methodology used is based on bibliographic research and data collection in public collections and virtual repositories, especially regarding the particularities of Avenida Frei Serafim and the productions of Cícero Ferraz. Thus, the research develops from the urban evolution of the city to the construction of the public place in question, emphasizing its consolidation as part of the historic urban site. Then, there is an articulation between different urban scales, through the construction-lot connection, as well as an analysis of the potential of this avenue as a “timeline” regarding the architectural development of the capital. Therefore, the work strives to reinforce the inseparability between architecture and urbanism while also ratifying the urgency that must be had in overcoming superficial and strictly formal diagnoses in this field.

Homicide and corpse dismemberment: A study of one case

Homicide may be an isolated impulsive act arising from a situation or based on a previous conception, which is premeditation. Despite its nature or motivations, homicide remains a wrongful criminal act at all times and in all places. Several studies conducted in Western countries on this topic have highlighted the overriding concern of the criminal, which includes concealing the criminal offence in most cases.In Africa, apart from cases of infanticide, the discovery of the body of a homicide victim in a public place is a relatively common phenomenon, particularly if it involves mutilation.The body was examined; it was a young adult African female whose corpse was wrapped in a plastic bag. The autopsy established that the section or cutting planes were preferably lodged in the large joints.Death was caused by mechanical asphyxia. The focus of this case lies in the atypical nature of this type of postmortem manipulation in the West African context.The unusual nature of this type of homicide illustrates and underscores some reality in our development context.

Public toilets from the perspective of users: a case study in a public place, Brazil

Public toilets are essential infrastructure to guarantee the right to sanitation in public spaces and, in more general terms, the right to inclusive and sustainable cities. Moreover, since the equipment has a direct user interface, it is important to understand their demands and needs. Given this, the present research aims to understand the perspective of public toilet users on the Pampulha Lake Shore (PLS), a public touristic place in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. For that, observations and semi-structured interviews were carried out with different public toilet users. In addition, comments posted at Google Local Guides tool of Google Maps were used as a secondary database for understanding user's experience on PLS toilets. The analysis made it possible to identify aspects related to availability, accessibility, quality (health and hygiene), security, and accessibility. Collected data showed how the conflicting choice of whether or not to use the toilet was directly related to the health and conservation of the urban equipment and interfered with social and leisure prospects. On a whole, the importance of user's perspective was highlighted in this study with emphasis on elaborating an adequate urban planning with concern to health, sanitation, and accessibility issues.

Extraction of Posture Silhouettes using Human Posture Feature Points and Spatial Masks for Activity Recognition in Public Place

Presently, an automated system has been required for public place security. Recognizing human postures in public places has emerged as a global solution for understanding human behavior in public places. In this work, a model to extract a human feature attribute of its posture has been presented to identify human behavior. The research work in this paper focuses on identifying the seating and standing postures of a person. The proposed methodology aims towards extraction of the human attributes from public places using spatial masks. Consequently, in this process, unwanted details from the background have been removed using the technique to focus on human postures only. The feature extraction process gives us blob vector and posture vector to evaluate human authentication and posture apprehension.

Design Prototype Meja Penjaja Ikan & Daging

Di Indonesia, 70 % konsumen daging berasal dari pasar tradisional, sementara sisanya hanya 30 % dari Supermarket (Haq et al., 2015). Aspek higiene dan sanitasi tempat – tempat umum (Public Place Sanitation) merupakan salah satu aspek yang harus diperhatikan. Tantangan yang dihadapi sekarang adalah adanya pandemic Covid-19 yang melanda hamper seluruh dunia, menghindari penyebaran virus antara produsen, pengecer dan konsumen merupakan isu penitng mengenai keamanan pangan. Pada penelitian kali ini , kami mendesain ulang meja penjaja ikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas higienes dan sanitasi menggunakan metode Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD). Dengan desain meja ini, para penjaja ikan dan daging di pasar tradisional memiliki kemudahan dalam mengelola sampah sisa pemotongan dan keran yang menjaga kehegienitasan dan sanitasi dagangan maupun pedagang.

Caminhos de atuação pública e engajada: entrevista com Miguel Vale de Almeida

Entrevista com o antropólogo português Miguel Vale de Almeida realizada por Vi Grunvald e Filipe Reis. Sobressai na entrevista sua trajetória o seu interesse em articular a prática docente e o conhecimento produzido na academia com ações efetivas no espaço público e participação em movimentos sociais e na política.Palavras-chaves: Trajetória. Antropologia portuguesa. Prática docente. Afeto. Espaço Público. Paths of public and engaged performance: interview with Miguel Vale de Almeida Abstract: Interview with Portuguese anthropologist Miguel Vale de Almeida conducted by Vi Grunvald and Filipe Reis. In the interview, her interest in articulating teaching practice and knowledge produced in the academy with effective actions in the public space and participation in social movements and politics stand out.Keywords: Trajectory. Portuguese anthropology. Teaching practice. Affection. Public place.

The Linguistic Landscape of Zhuhai: A Study of the Use of English Signs in the Public Place

As a window city for China to face internationalization, Zhuhai is quite suitable for linguists to look into Expanding Circle Countries’ English settings. Bilingual landmarks indicate the use of English in the local public sphere and the degree of the popularity of English. This study investigated the current situation of English in Zhuhai from two academic fields: linguistics landscape and language policy. The two types of language policy: the top-down model and the bottom-up mode, are used in the analysis of Zhuhai sociolinguistic phenomenon. An analysis from the language policy perspective reveals how the linguistic landscape has been interpreted from diversified dimensions as both a concept and a practice. The study evinces that the different target tourists and the various functions of facilities are two influential factors in the advancement of Zhuhai’s English signage.