Letter To The Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-336
Author(s):  
Linda C. Eaves ◽  
Harry Klonoff ◽  
Henry G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Psychological Test ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Letter To The Editor

We showed Professor Illingworth's letter to Dr. Eaves and her colleagues. They comment as follows: We are glad to reply to Professor Illingworth's interesting comments on our paper "Developmental and Psychological Test Scores in Children of Low Birth Weight." First, we cannot agree that "several of the Griffiths1 tests have no bearing on intelligence." Motor skills are included in the concept and measurement of intelligence, and Dr. Ruth Griffiths has found that correlations among the various Scales in her tests show well-knit results which she attributes to a strong common factor or ‘g’ (general intelligence).

Developmental and Psychological Test Scores in Children of Low Birth Weight

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-887
Author(s):  
Linda C. Eaves ◽  
Harry Klonoff ◽  
Henry G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Psychological Test ◽  
January Issue ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
Age At Birth

In the printing of our article on the subject in the January issue of Pediatrics (45:9, 1970) the wording of a sentence on page 10 was unfortunately changed in such a manner as to distort the personal communication we had received from Dr. Ruth Griffiths in London, England. As printed, the sentence is: "It does not seem admirable to try and meaningful to correct such D.Q. figures according to gestational age at birth." The statement we wished to make was: "It does not seem advisable to try and correct such D.Q. figures according to gestational age at birth."

DEVELOPMENTAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST SCORES IN CHILDREN OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Linda C. Eaves ◽  
J. C. Nuttall ◽  
H. Klonoff ◽  
H. G. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
First Year ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Developmental Scale ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Better Than

In a prospective survey, 420 out of 502 infants of low birth weight (≶ 2,041 gm, or 4½ lb) and all but one of 207 control children of full birth weight (> 2,500 gm, or 5½ lb) have survived for more than 3 years. One hundred fifty of the low birth weight (LBW) group have passed the age of 6 years. Developmental and psychological tests have given the following results: (1) Control children performed better than LBW infants on the Griffiths Developmental Scale up to the age of 18 months; among the LBW infants mean Griffiths Scores in 250 gm birth weight groups mosty differed significantly in direct relation to the weight. (2) LBW girls scored higher than boys after the first year on the hearing-speech subscale and, to a lesser extent, on the personal-social and performance subscales of the Griffiths test and also on the Stanford-Binet and Graham-Ernhart tests at 4 years of age. (3) Whereas the effect of birth weight on I.Q. became less distinct at 2½ to 4 years, the effect of socioeconomic status only became definite at that age. (4) In general, "small-for-dates" (SFD) children, including those born before term, scored higher than "true prematures" up to the age of 12 months and slightly lower at 2½ to 6½ years, but the differences were only significant in a few weight groups. When the SFD children were subdivided into those born at less than 37 weeks' gestation and those born later, the latter scored significantly better than the former only at 3 and 6 months. (5) Isolated Griffiths infant test scores at 6 months per se have little predictive value for I.Q. scores of children at 4 years of age, even at the extremes of intelligence.

scholarly journals Maternal Characteristics and Temporal Trends in Birth Outcomes: Comparison between Spanish and Migrant Mothers

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Varea ◽  
Cristina Bernis ◽  
Antonio González González
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reproductive Pattern

Low birth weight and preterm babies have been increasing in Spain since 1980, coinciding with important changes in the social and demographic structure of childbearing populations—including the contribution of a 25% of foreign mothers—and with increasing medical intervention in births. This study, based on 5,990,613 births, compares the temporary trends in reproductive patterns and birth outcomes in Spanish and foreign mothers during the period 1996–2009 and evaluates for the years 2007 to 2009 the relative contribution of mother's origin and Caesarean section to birth weight variability. Foreign mothers maintain their own reproductive pattern, whereas negative birth outcomes increase in all groups. Results from logistic regression analysis show that besides late maternity and primiparity also Caesarean section increases the risk for low birth weight. The reduction in Caesarean section rates between 2007 and 2009 might explain the reduction of low birth weight detected. A change of tendency simultaneously appears in most maternal and newborn characteristics, and in the mode of delivery in all ethnic groups since 2008. Coincidence in the timing of the change of trends points to a common factor. We suggest that the current world financial crisis could be this common cause, a hypothesis to be contrasted in future research.

Low Birth Weight and Subsequent Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-335
Author(s):  
R. S. Illingworth
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Premature Babies

I was most interested to read the paper by Eaves, et al. They have helped to remedy the defects of most earlier papers on the prognosis of "prematurity" by carefully distinguishing small-for-dates babies from true premature babies. They found that Griffith's infant test scores correlated badly with test scores at 4 years. I would not expect them to have a high predictive value, apart from the effect of environmental variables in the intervening period, because several of the Griffiths tests have no bearing on intelligence, and the method does not allow one to take into consideration the factors which may have affected the score and which are unrelated to intelligence.

scholarly journals Lower cognitive test scores at age 7 in children born with marginally low birth weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1129-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Starnberg ◽  
Mikael Norman ◽  
Björn Westrup ◽  
Magnus Domellöf ◽  
Staffan K Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Cognitive Test

scholarly journals Letter to the Editor: Low birth weight and adult depression: eliciting their association

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1117-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. CÓRDOVA-PALOMERA ◽  
X. GOLDBERG ◽  
S. ALEMANY ◽  
I. NENADIC ◽  
C. GASTÓ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adult Depression ◽  
Letter To The Editor

School marks and IQ-test scores for low birth weight children at the age of 13

1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Lagerström ◽  
Katarina Bremme ◽  
Peter Eneroth ◽  
Carl-Gunnar Janson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Low Birth Weight Children
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