scholarly journals Hydrography and hydrochemistry of the transboundary river Western Bug on the territory of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Khilchevskyi ◽  
M. Zabokrytska ◽  
N. Sherstyuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Ion Flow ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Left Tributary ◽  
The City

The analysis of the hydrographic network of the Western Bug basin on the territory of Ukraine. This basin is estimated according to the requirements of the EUWater Framework Directive and has 2,044 rivers. Classification of the rivers of the Western Bug by area of drainage basins has shown the following results: in this basin within Ukraine there is one very big river, in fact this is the Western Bug itself. There are also three large rivers – Poltva, Rata and Luha. There are also 30 medium and 2,010 small rivers (among which 1,966 rivers have a length of less than 10 km). Theleading role of natural factors in the formation of the hydrocarbonate-calcium ion composition of the river waters of the Western Bug basin is determined. The content of the main ions and the salinity of the river waters are distin- guished by a sufficiently clear seasonal character: a decrease in the spring flood and an increase in the low water level (mineralization of the water of the Western Bug – 497-573 mg/l). Mineralization of the Poltva River (the left tributary of the Western Bug), located in the same natural conditions, is significantly different: in the area of the city of Lviv (the upper reaches of the Poltva River), it reaches 784-871 mg/l, and at the estuary of the river (Busk city, at the confluence of the Western Bug) is slightly reduced - 613-670 mg/l, while in the chemical type of water, sulfates and chlorides appear. This situation is explained by the discharge of sewage from the city of Lviv into the Poltva River. In the regime of nutrients, microelements, and also specific pollutants in the water of the West Bug, no general regularities in their seasonal variations were found, which is associated with the significant idiosyncratic character of the influence of anthropogenic factors on the formation of their concentrations. We estimated the balance of substances, both natural and anthropogenic, which are carried out with the waters of the Western Bug from the territory of Ukraine (93%), as well as from the territory of Poland (7%) to the border with Belarus. The comparative methodological approach allowed us to make a quantitative assessment of the significant influence of the Poltva River on the formation of the chemical composition of the water of the Western Bug, especially in its upper part. The share of Poltva's water flow when it flows into the Western Bug is 58% of its water flow. At the same time, the share of the total ion flow is higher – 66%. The share of the discharge of individual principal ions reaches: 76% (Cl-),87% (Mg2 +) and 98% (SO4 2-). For nitrogen, this figure is 68%, for phosphates – up to 80%.

scholarly journals Influence of flow velocity, river size, a dam, and an urbanized area on biodiversity of lowland rivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-302
Author(s):  
K. N. Ivicheva ◽  
N. N. Makarenkova ◽  
V. L. Zaytseva ◽  
D. A. Philippov
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Flow Regulation ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Lowland Rivers ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The City ◽  
River Size

Biodiversity of aquatic organisms is formed under the influence of not only natural, but also anthropogenic factors. In this work, the influence of the flow velocity, river size, flow regulation and urbanization on various groups of aquatic organisms was studied in several lowland rivers. The study was conducted in 2013 on six tributaries of the Upper Sukhona River. Five sampling sites were in different parts of the Vologda River and five sites on small rivers, Losta, Lukhta, Komya, Chernyj Shingar, and Belyj Shingar (one site per river). Phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos were sampled six times, from April to October, and macrophytes were studied in August. In total, 469 species of aquatic organisms were found in the tributaries of the Upper Sukhona River, belonging to the following phyla: Cyanophyta (5 species), Chrysophyta (8), Bacillariophyta (62), Xanthophyta (1), Cryptophyta (10), Dinophyta (4), Euglenophyta (12), Chlorophyta (17), Streptophyta (1), Bryophyta (2), Marchantiophyta (3), Equisetophyta (1), Magnoliophyta (63), Rotifera (22), Cnidaria (1), Platyhelmintes (1), Annelida (29), Mollusca (33), Arthropoda (194). The maximum number of species was found in the Vologda River, the largest of all the tributaries. The number of zoobenthos species was similar at different sites in the Vologda River and in the small rivers. The number of species of other groups of aquatic organisms in the small rivers was lower than those registered in the Vologda River. The greatest number of macrophyte and zoobenthos species was recorded in the Upper Vologda River and Belyj Shingar River, where the flow is strong all the year round. The greatest number of phyto- and zooplankton species was found at the extra-city sites where current is almost absent. In the dam backwater, species richness was higher than that registered downstream of the dam. At the same time, the species richness of macrophytes and zoobenthos in the dam backwater was lower. The smallest number of species was found in the Vologda River, downstream of the city of Vologda. Decreases in the species richness and Shannon’s biodiversity index were witnessed in the Vologda River city site and in the small rivers, as they get closer to the city. Cluster analyses performed for the studied groups of aquatic organisms showed dissimilar results; however, the studied sites on the Vologda River having the highest anthropogenic load formed a cluster. Aquatic organisms of the Upper Sukhona tributaries experience both natural (flow velocity and size of the watercourse) and anthropogenic factors (proximity to the city and flow regulation).

scholarly journals The assessment of chemical and ecological status in the water bodies of Slocene and Age

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Ikauniece ◽  
◽  
Ainis Lagzdins ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Use Patterns

Small rivers are important in terms of water quantity and quality as these rivers collect and deliver water to medium and large rivers downstream. Due to low water flow and high connectivity to adjacent land, small rivers are highly vulnerable to changes caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. This paper aims to assess the chemical and ecological quality of two small rivers including the Slocene and Age as related to dominant land use cover in the contributing area of these water bodies. The effects of land-use patterns and concentrations of chemical substances TN, NO3 --N, NH4 +-N, TP and PO4 2--P in river waters will be determined. The highest concentration of total nitrogen (TN) as measured in the Slocene river was 21 mg L-1 in spring, while the lowest concentration of TN was 0.86 mg L-1 in autumn. The highest concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in the Slocene river was 0.14 mg L-1 in late summer, the lowest was 0.03 mg L-1 in late autumn. Similarly, in the Age river, the highest concentration of TN was 4.90 mg L-1 in spring, while TN the lowest concentration of TN was 0.51 mg L-1 in late autumn. The highest concentration of TP in the Age river was 0.3 mg L-1 in summer, while the lowest 0.05 mg L-1 in autumn.

scholarly journals Critical air pollution events analysis in Itabira – Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e51610110587
Author(s):  
Higor dos Santos Alves ◽  
Ana Carolina Vasques Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The City ◽  
Pollution Events

The rates of atmospheric pollution are increasing in world over the years, which makes this topic more and more concerning. Weather conditions, associated with anthropogenic factors, play a fundamental role in modifying the air quality. In this context, this article aims to analyze the influence of meteorological factors during critical episodes of air pollution in the city of Itabira – Minas Gerais. Hourly air quality and meteorological data, provided by the Municipal Environment Secretariat (SMMA) of the Itabira City Hall, were used in this analysis. A selection of the critical events was made and, after that, the composites and daily anomalies for each event were calculated. The results obtained showed that in the critical days of pollution negative anomalies of precipitation, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and wind speed were observed. For temperature, solar radiation and wind direction the anomalies are positive during critical days. In terms of emitting sources, there has been an increase in the vehicle fleet since 2014, presenting a positive trend of 1.151 vehicles per year. In addition, a number of 111 fire outbreaks were observed on the most critical day of all events. It is important to highlight the role of air quality control and monitoring, together with the analysis of meteorological conditions, as, currently, the maximum values established by legislation do not include changes in weather conditions, that can worsen air quality and harm the health of the population.

ASSESSMENT OF THE GEOECOLOGICAL SITUATION WITHIN THE SMALL DRAINS IN THE YASELDA RIVER BASIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Alexandr A. Volchak ◽  
Ihar V. Akaronka
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Natural Protection ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time ◽  
Small Catchments

The main topic of research is the drainage basins of small rivers, which in recent years have become objects of close attention due to the high degree of their transformation associated with significant anthropogenic loads. The article presents a methodology for geoecological analysis of anthropogenic loads on the catchments of small rivers, an assessment of the degree of natural protection of the territory and a comprehensive description of the ecological state of the Yaselda river basin using GIS technologies. The paper considers the results of the study of the geoecological state of small catchments by assessing various indicators of the natural protection of the territory and factors of anthropogenic load. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodology for assessing the geoecological situation of small catchments of the rivers of the Belarusian Polesye on the basis of a matrix of attributive indicators, which allows, taking into account generalized point estimates, to identify categories of lands with different geoecological situations. As a result of the research, a hydrographic zoning of the river basin was carried out. Yaselda, eight small private catchments (sub-basins) were identified, cartographic material was digitized, statistical data were collected, a database was created on various physical-geographical, socio-economic and ecological-hydrographic indicators. In this work, for the first time, the natural resource potential of small catchments of the Yaselda river basin is studied and presented, the natural environment-forming factors are assessed, and the main anthropogenic factors are identified, their qualitative and quantitative characteristics are carried out.

scholarly journals Forms of Copper in the Aspect of Anthropogenic Changes in the Profiles of Horticultural Soils in the Cities of South-Eastern Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9018
Author(s):  
Iwona Makuch-Pietraś ◽  
Anna Wójcikowska-Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
Allotment Gardens ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City ◽  
Humus Horizons

The aim of the research was to show the changes taking place in soils as a result of the influence of anthropogenic factors in the form of intensive horticulture and pollution within the city. It was made on the basis of the distribution of individual fractions as well as available and total Cu forms in the profiles of garden soils located at houses and in the family allotment gardens in six cities in south-eastern Poland. The research took into account the granulometric composition according to which the cities were divided into two groups. The pollution assessment was based on the concentration indicator, Igeo, and indicators taking into account the forms available for plants: Cav/Ct and BF. There was no copper contamination with regard to legislation act and Igeo. The role of organic matter as an important component in copper in the humus horizons of soils in long-term horticultural cultivation has been considered. The content of all forms of copper was higher in humus horizon which also indicated the anthropogenic changes. Among the two groups of soils, a greater impact of the treatments used in horticulture on those made of sands was found in relation to the silty ones.

scholarly journals Specific Features of the Northern Europe River Channel Systems Management (the Vistula and the Severnaya Dvina as examples)

2015 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Channel Deformations ◽  
The City ◽  
Channel Systems

Historic transformation of the two major rivers of the Northern Europe, namely the Vistula (Poland) and the Severnaya Dvina (Russian Federation) has been considered. These rivers channel regime anthropogenic factors that determine distinctions in bed transformations characteristic forms, distribution of the bed morphological/dynamic types, and deposition runoffs have been compared. Special features of channel deformations within the city boundaries have been analyzed with Velikiy Ustyug on the Severnaya Dvina and Torun on the Vistula as examples. The role of anthropogenic bed transformation in the hazardous hydrological phenomena formation has been analyzed.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Historical Imagination ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Visual Regimes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

What is the history of preserving, writing, exhibiting, theorizing, and imagining the history of Paris photographically? How, when, and to what end did photographs become interesting as historical evidence—and more specifically, evidence of the history of Paris—and to whom? These questions can be best answered by an institutional history of photo collecting in the city’s historical museum and library alongside an effort to traces the uses of photographs by amateur and popular historians, publishers, and photographers beyond their walls. This investigation builds on literatures about the city of Paris, its visual regimes, the relationship between history and memory, the role of the historical imagination, the reduction of Paris to an image, and histories of the “Visual Turn.” It deploys the cliché as a methodological approach to tell a new history about the relationship between Paris and its insistently photographic past.

scholarly journals Determinants of change in the duration of ice phenomena on the Vistula River in Toruń

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
River Engineering ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Ice Regime ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ice Phenomena

Abstract Winter season temperatures are becoming warmer. However, the transformation of the ice regime on the Vistula River in Toruń has also been affected by river engineering. In particular, the construction and operation of the Włocławek Dam had a significant impact on ice processes. The article presents the results of an analysis determining the contribution of natural and anthropogenic factors to the duration of ice phenomena and ice cover on the Vistula River in the city of Toruń. Compared to the end of the nineteenth century, there has been a reduction in the duration of ice phenomena from 88 to 53 days and of ice cover from 40 to 7 days (in the period of 1882-2011). The article compares the duration of ice cover and winter temperature in three different periods: before the completion of river engineering works (1882-1907); for the controlled river (1908-1969), and for the controlled river with the Włocławek Dam upstream of Toruń (1970-2011). The results showed a significant role of these anthropogenic factors in the changes of the ice cover duration on the Vistula River in Toruń.

scholarly journals Walking as transgenerational methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Murray ◽  
Helmi Järviluoma
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Cinematic Experience ◽  
Embodied Practice ◽  
The City

The embodied practice of walking is said to make the city a cinematic experience that carves a path through to be read in multiple ways by future mobile bodies. De Certeau’s (1984) undifferentiated practitioner has been critiqued, with, in particular, alternative gendered accounts of the mobile body (Grosz, 1998; Collie, 2013). This research note seeks to add to such accounts through exploring the walking body that is differentiated according to generation and then through suggesting a transgenerational walking methodology. The article articulates a methodological approach developed as part of a European Research Council funded project on transgenerational cultural transformations of the sensory between 1950 and 2020. Through a series of transgenerational sensory walks – a younger person (sometimes a child) and an older person – the project examines changes in and multisensory engagements with local environments in three national contexts: Turku (Finland), Brighton (UK), and Ljubljana (Slovenia). This paper introduces the project and considers the role of generation in determining mobile space, and hence determines a rationale for a transgenerational methodological approach intersecting several disciplines. We ask the following questions: how are the bodies of different generations written in mobile space? and how does ethnographic sensory walking with different generations offer particular understandings of mobile space?

Plastic waste input from Guadalquivir River to the ocean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Quintana Sepúlveda ◽  
Daniel González Fernández ◽  
Andrés Cózar Cabañas ◽  
Cesar Vilas Fernández ◽  
Enrique González Ortegón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Glass Eel ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Fishing Boat ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Size Interval ◽  
Guadalquivir River

<p>Around 8 million tons of plastic waste are leaked from land into the ocean annually. One of the main pathways of plastic input into the ocean is rivers, but there is no comprehensive information about the amount and nature of litter transported. This study presents results of a monthly monitoring over a two years period in the estuary of Guadalquivir River, southern Spain. The samples, which consisted of passive hauls, were taken from a traditional glass eel fishing boat anchored with three nets working in parallel. The nets, with a mesh of 1 mm and an opening of 2.5 (width) × 3 (depth) metres, filtered around 60,000 m<sup>3</sup> per sample. Our methodological approach allowed characterization of virtually all plastic sizes in river waters, comprising micro-, meso- and macroplastics. Plastic items were dominated by pieces of film (70% in number). Microplastics in the size interval from 2.5 to 4.0 mm represented half of the total identified items. Small fragments in Guadalquivir River comprised most of the plastic mass input to the sea. Our results support the relevance of fragmentation processes inland, and the role of rivers and estuaries as sources of microplastics to the ocean.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document