The using of morphometric indices in the identification of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes Meigen, 1818 (Diptera, Culicidae) of fauna of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
О.I. Levitsky
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Permanent Slide

As a result of the morphometric analysis on the mosquito larval structures of the genus Aedes Meigen, 1818 from our own collections and literature analyses, a wide variation in quantitative and qualitative indices was revealed. The morphological and metric indices of mosquito larvae are quite similar and vary under the influence of environmental factors, which must be taken into account when determining species. The tables for rapid determination of common mosquito species of Ukraine, with the use of external features that do not require the manufacture of permanent slide mounts, are given in the article. All modern keys for identification are based on dichotomous tables. This process is quite long, does not take into account the individual variability and does not allow the quick identification of species. After analyzing the literature and summing up the result, it can be confirmed that 35 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes of the genus Aedes occur within Ukraine, so there is a need to create a new regional key. The purpose of the study is to propose tables for determining the common mosquitoes of the genus Aedes in Ukraine using external morphometric characteristics. The material used for this study was collected by the author in March–October of 2017–2018 at the territory of Volyn Region. Over the entire study period, a total of 185 samples were collected, 1580 species of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes were analyzed. During the work, 12 morphometric characters of bloodsucking mosquitoes were used and the results were tabulated to determine species of the genus Aedes. The proposed keys for definition are presented in the form of a tables and have certain advantages, such as, the ability not to take into account the characters lost in the process of collecting or storing and to complete the diagnostics on other features, that is quite problematic with the dichotomous keys, since they have a certain algorithms. The proposed tables are based on the using of quantitative and qualitative external characters and do not require the preparation of slide mounts in further work. There is also the possibility of creating an electronic key, which will greatly facilitate the work on the determination of the larvae in the genus Aedes.

Sweep Co-Distillation Cleanup of Fortified Edible Oils for Determination of Organophosphate and Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-615
Author(s):  
R W Storherr ◽  
Edward J Murray ◽  
I Klein ◽  
Lynn A Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Organophosphate Pesticides ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The technique of sweep co-distillation developed for organophosphate pesticides in fruits and vegetables was expanded for application to organophosphate and chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides in edible oils. A modified longer and wider Storherr tube and heating assembly was used in this work and 3 mm diameter glass beads replaced the glass wool packing used in crop work. The work on oils was performed at 248 ± 3°C with a nitrogen flow of 600 ml/min and injection of a sweeping solvent every 3 minutes for 30 minutes. Phosphate pesticides were analyzed by GLC with a potassium thermionic detector and chlorinated pesticides were determined by ECGLC, after a micro Florisil column was used to eliminate extraneous peaks. Recoveries of ten phosphate pesticides from nine edible oils ranged from 74 to 100% at fortification levels of 0.04 to 6.25 ppm; average recoveries for the individual pesticides were 90—99%. Average recoveries for the chlorinated pesticides ranged from a low of 75% for Tedion to a high of 98% for endrin and dieldrin. Sensitivity of 0.01 is readily obtainable for compounds such as parathion and heptachlor cpoxide. The sweep co-distillation method is suitable for the rapid determination of the 14 chlorinated and 10 organophosphate pesticides tested in edible oils

Novel virus discovery in field-collected mosquito larvae using an improved system for rapid determination of viral RNA sequences (RDV ver4.0)

2008 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Yamao ◽  
Yuki Eshita ◽  
Yuki Kihara ◽  
Tomomitsu Satho ◽  
Makoto Kuroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Virus Discovery ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Novel Virus

scholarly journals Non-invasive ploidy determination in live fish by measuring erythrocyte size in capillaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Karel Halačka ◽  
Karel Janko ◽  
Lukáš Vetešník
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Gibel Carp ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
The Individual

Information about ploidy is important in both commercial and conservation aquaculture and fish research. Unfortunately, methods for its determination, such as karyology, determination of the amount of DNA in a cell using microdensitometry or flow cytometry and/or measuring erythrocytes in a blood smear can be stressful or even destructive. Some of these methods are also limited by the relatively large minimum size of the individual being measured. The aim of this study was to test a new low-stress method of determining ploidy by measuring the size of erythrocytes in the capillaries of a fish, including small individuals. First, we examined diploid and triploid loach (Cobitis sp.) and gibel carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), using flow cytometry and blood smears, with these results being used as a control. Subsequently, we measured the size of erythrocytes in the caudal fin capillaries of anesthetized fishes of known ploidy under a light microscope. For both the loaches and gibel carp, direct observation of the mean erythrocyte size in epithelial fin capillaries provided a consistent and reliable determination of ploidy when compared with the controls based on flow cytometry and blood smears. This new method allows for rapid determination of ploidy in living small fish, where collection of tissue using other methods may cause excessive stress or damage. The method outlined here simply requires the measurement of erythrocytes directly in the bloodstream of a live fish, thereby making it possible to determine ploidy without the need for blood sampling. The method described is sufficiently efficient, less demanding on equipment than many other procedures, can be used by relatively inexperienced personnel and has benefits as regards animal welfare, which is especially important for fish production facilities or when dealing with rare or endangered species.

The determination of Cu, Ni, and Co using 2-(2-pyridylazo)-1-naphtol-4-sulfonic acid by multicomponent flow injection analysis (MC-FIA)

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1162-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Doležel ◽  
Vlastimil Kubáň
Keyword(s):  
Flow Injection ◽  
Flow Injection Analysis ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Analytical Signal ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reverse Flow Injection Analysis

2-(2-Pyridylazo)-1-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (1PAN4S) was used to develop a method for the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(III) by reverse flow injection analysis (FIA) using a multichannel UV-VIS detector with a diode array. The method can be used to determine the individual ions in the range 5-50 μmol dm-3 Ni(II) or Cu(II) and 5-60 μmol dm-3 Co(III) in binary and ternary mixtures at ratios of 1 : 1 to 1 : 10 with a maximal relative deviation of units of per cent for the major components and tens of per cent for the minor components. The precision and accuracy of the determination are the same or slightly worse than for stationary measurements with half to one fifth the sensitivity. Measurement of the absorption spectra for the maximum analytical signal in digital form for c(1PAN4S) = 0·12 mmol dm-3, c(NaIO4) = 1·2 mmol dm-3 in 0·2M acetate buffer medium at pH 5·00 permits rapid determination (15 s per sample) of all the components using a simple program for multicomponent analysis in "overdetermined" systems.

scholarly journals Non-invasive ploidy determination in live fish by measuring erythrocyte size in capillaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280
Author(s):  
Karel Halačka ◽  
Karel Janko ◽  
Lukáš Vetešník
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Gibel Carp ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
The Individual

Information about ploidy is important in both commercial and conservation aquaculture and fish research. Unfortunately, methods for its determination, such as karyology, determination of the amount of DNA in a cell using microdensitometry or flow cytometry and/or measuring erythrocytes in a blood smear can be stressful or even destructive. Some of these methods are also limited by the relatively large minimum size of the individual being measured. The aim of this study was to test a new low-stress method of determining ploidy by measuring the size of erythrocytes in the capillaries of a fish, including small individuals. First, we examined diploid and triploid loach (Cobitis sp.) and gibel carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), using flow cytometry and blood smears, with these results being used as a control. Subsequently, we measured the size of erythrocytes in the caudal fin capillaries of anesthetized fishes of known ploidy under a light microscope. For both the loaches and gibel carp, direct observation of the mean erythrocyte size in epithelial fin capillaries provided a consistent and reliable determination of ploidy when compared with the controls based on flow cytometry and blood smears. This new method allows for rapid determination of ploidy in living small fish, where collection of tissue using other methods may cause excessive stress or damage. The method outlined here simply requires the measurement of erythrocytes directly in the bloodstream of a live fish, thereby making it possible to determine ploidy without the need for blood sampling. The method described is sufficiently efficient, less demanding on equipment than many other procedures, can be used by relatively inexperienced personnel and has benefits as regards animal welfare, which is especially important for fish production facilities or when dealing with rare or endangered species.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E and sex modulate fatty acid metabolism in a prospective observational study of cognitive decline

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl González-Domínguez ◽  
Pol Castellano-Escuder ◽  
Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast ◽  
Dorrain Y. Low ◽  
Andrea Du Preez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
E4 Allele ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Fatty acids play prominent roles in brain function as they participate in structural, metabolic and signaling processes. The homeostasis of fatty acids and related pathways is known to be impaired in cognitive decline and dementia, but the relationship between these metabolic disturbances and common risk factors, namely the ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE-ɛ4) gene and sex, remains elusive. Methods In order to investigate early alterations associated with cognitive decline in the fatty acid-related serum metabolome, we here applied targeted metabolomics analysis on a nested case-control study (N=368), part of a prospective population cohort on dementia. Results When considering the entire study population, circulating levels of free fatty acids, acyl-carnitines and pantothenic acid were found to be increased among those participants who had greater odds of cognitive decline over a 12-year follow-up. Interestingly, stratified analyses indicated that these metabolomic alterations were specific for ApoE-ɛ4 non-carriers and women. Conclusions Altogether, our results highlight that the regulation of fatty acids and related metabolic pathways during ageing and cognitive decline depends on complex inter-relationships between the ApoE-ε4 genotype and sex. A better understanding of the ApoE-ɛ4 and sex dependent modulation of metabolism is essential to elucidate the individual variability in the onset of cognitive decline, which would help develop personalized therapeutic approaches.

Weak Beam Imaging and Diffraction Studies of Stacking Faults in Silicon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
T. Y. Tan ◽  
W. K. Tice
Keyword(s):  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Fringe Spacing ◽  
Weak Beam ◽  
Kinematical Theory

In studying ion implanted semiconductors and fast neutron irradiated metals, the need for characterizing small dislocation loops having diameters of a few hundred angstrom units usually arises. The weak beam imaging method is a powerful technique for analyzing these loops. Because of the large reduction in stacking fault (SF) fringe spacing at large sg, this method allows for a rapid determination of whether the loop is faulted, and, hence, whether it is a perfect or a Frank partial loop. This method was first used by Bicknell to image small faulted loops in boron implanted silicon. He explained the fringe spacing by kinematical theory, i.e., ≃l/(Sg) in the fault fringe in depth oscillation. The fault image contrast formation mechanism is, however, really more complicated.

Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Alumni Diklat Kepemimpinan Tingkat IV di Provinsi Banten

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enong Rostiawati
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Study Population

Abstract: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a variable that can be influenced by job satisfaction. This study aims to determine the effect of job satisfaction variables on Organizational Citizenship Behavior OCB alumni level IV leadership training in Banten Province. This research uses a quantitative approach through survey methods. Data analysis technique used is simple linear regression. The population in this study were 40 respondents and the sample used was 40 respondents. Determination of the sample using total sampling techniques or samples taken from the entire study population. The results of the analysis and interpretation of research data show that the value of the regulatory coefficient of influence on job satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) alumni of leadership training level IV is 0.740 thus it can be concluded that job satisfaction has a direct positive effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior alumni training, meaning that improvement of satisfaction in IV level leadership training is 0.740. work has an impact on improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior for training alumni, So Organizational Citizenship Behavior for training alumni can be achieved through job satisfaction.Keywords: Job satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Leadership Training Alumni Level IV

Methods for rapid determination of pecan (Carya illinoensis) seed viability

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-464
Author(s):  
T.T. Xue ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
Y.B. Shen ◽  
G.Q. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Carya Illinoensis
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