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2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 024-025
Author(s):  
Shahadat Hossain Md. ◽  
Islam Ausraful ◽  
Labony Sharmin Shahid ◽  
Mokbul Hossain Md. ◽  
Abdul Alim Md. ◽  
...  

Background: Dipylidium caninum, a zoonotic cyclophyllidean tapeworm, mainly infects dogs, cats, and occasionally humans as well. Here, we present D. caninum infection in a domestic cat. A cat of about one year of age with a history of intermittent diarrhea and shedding stool containing whitish cooked rice like soft particles. Methods: The case was identified by thorough clinical, coprological, and parasitological examinations, and treated accordingly. Results: During the physical examination, the cat was found to be infested with flea, and coprological investigation revealed the presence of gravid segments of cestodes. By preparing a permanent slide, we conducted a microscopic examination, and the cestode was confirmed as D. caninum. The cat was treated with albendazole and levamisole, which were ineffective; additionally, levamisole showed toxicity. Then, we administered niclosamide which completely cured the animal. On re-examination after a week, feces were found negative for eggs/gravid segments of any cestode. Conclusion: Niclosamide was found effective against dipylidiasis and can be treated similar infections in pets.


2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. e1290
Author(s):  
Rosa María Arias Mota ◽  
Gabriela Heredia Abarca

Background: Cloud forest is one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world and more than half of its original area has been transformed for other land uses. Consequently, macro- and microorganisms of this ecosystem have likely undergone changes. Objective: To analyze the diversity of saprobic filamentous soil cultured fungi in four cloud forest fragments and evaluate the similarity in species composition among fragments. Methods: To detect and isolate soil microfungi, the soil particle filtration technique was used. Emerging colonies were transferred to a culture medium for subsequent quantification and identification. For each species, permanent and semi-permanent slide preparations were made, and taxonomic identification was performed based on morphological features. Results and conclusions: From 20 soil samples and 2000 inoculated particles, 233 species were distinguished. The most common species were Myrmecridium schulzeri, Pestalotiopsis maculans, Trichoderma atroviride, Virgaria nigra, Trichoderma cremeum, Fusarium solani, Cordana terrestris, Aspergillus fischeri, and Penicillium olsoni. The most abundant species were Talaromyces flavus and Pestalotiopsis maculans. All the forest fragments had a high richness, diversity, and evenness in addition to a high turnover and high number of exclusive species.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. e8480 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Jesús Ayala-Ortega ◽  
Ana Mabel Martínez-Castillo ◽  
Samuel Pineda-Guillermo ◽  
José Isaac Figueroa-De La Rosa ◽  
Jesús Acuña-Soto ◽  
...  

Damage caused by phytophagous mites is one of the main phytosanitary problems on blackberry crop. The mite species identification is a very significant activity to implement a program of integrated pest management. The aim of this study was to identify the species of phytophagous mites, predators, and other mites associated with blackberry crop in two locations of Michoacan, Mexico. The research was performed in two blackberry orchards located at Ziracuaretiro and Tacambaro municipalities, which had different type of management: conventional and non-conventional, respectively. In each orchard, 18 samples were collected at 15 d-intervals during an annual cycle, from June 2015 to May 2016. The collected mites were mounted in permanent slide for their taxonomic determination with specific keys with specific keys. Seventeen mite species belonging to ten families were identified, which six were phytophagous species, six were predatory, and five had varied habits. Six of the 17 taxa identified are new records of mites associated with blackberry crop. Most of the mites were collected in the conventional crop (65.4 %), while the abundance of predator mites was highest in the no-conventional crop.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
О.I. Levitsky

As a result of the morphometric analysis on the mosquito larval structures of the genus Aedes Meigen, 1818 from our own collections and literature analyses, a wide variation in quantitative and qualitative indices was revealed. The morphological and metric indices of mosquito larvae are quite similar and vary under the influence of environmental factors, which must be taken into account when determining species. The tables for rapid determination of common mosquito species of Ukraine, with the use of external features that do not require the manufacture of permanent slide mounts, are given in the article. All modern keys for identification are based on dichotomous tables. This process is quite long, does not take into account the individual variability and does not allow the quick identification of species. After analyzing the literature and summing up the result, it can be confirmed that 35 species of bloodsucking mosquitoes of the genus Aedes occur within Ukraine, so there is a need to create a new regional key. The purpose of the study is to propose tables for determining the common mosquitoes of the genus Aedes in Ukraine using external morphometric characteristics. The material used for this study was collected by the author in March–October of 2017–2018 at the territory of Volyn Region. Over the entire study period, a total of 185 samples were collected, 1580 species of mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes were analyzed. During the work, 12 morphometric characters of bloodsucking mosquitoes were used and the results were tabulated to determine species of the genus Aedes. The proposed keys for definition are presented in the form of a tables and have certain advantages, such as, the ability not to take into account the characters lost in the process of collecting or storing and to complete the diagnostics on other features, that is quite problematic with the dichotomous keys, since they have a certain algorithms. The proposed tables are based on the using of quantitative and qualitative external characters and do not require the preparation of slide mounts in further work. There is also the possibility of creating an electronic key, which will greatly facilitate the work on the determination of the larvae in the genus Aedes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marina Hasan ◽  
Mohd Fazrul Hisam Abd Aziz ◽  
Kismiyati Kismiyati ◽  
Sri Subekti ◽  
Mohd Ihwan Zakariah

AbstractBarnacles are symbiont and harm to the crabs when they are in large numbers. They will affect the respiration, normal activity and growth of the crabs. The prevalence, mean intensity and identification of pedunculate barnacle, Octolasmis spp. on blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus from the coastal area of Kuala Terengganu were studied. The site specificity of the different species of Octolasmis attached was examined. The crabs were measured and weight. The crabs were euthanized by put in ice until no movement. The Octolasmis were observed from the surfaces and gills or brachial chamber. The Octolasmis were observed from each gill. The prevalence and mean intensity was calculated. The Octolasmis were preserved in 70% alcohol and mounting using glycerine jelly to make the permanent slide. A total of all 13 crabs were infested by four species of Octolasmis which is 218 Octolasmis angulata, 191 Octolasmis warwickii, 16 Octolasmis tridens and 218 Octolasmis lowei. Octolasmis angulate showed the highest prevalence (84.62%) and lowest prevalence was O. lowei (23.08%) and O. warwickii (23.08%). The barnacles were attached to the gill, carapace, abdomen and also walking legs. Barnacle occurred most frequently on the gill part by having 371 (57.70%) barnacles compared to other areas, 272 (42.30%) barnacles. The distributions of barnacle in this study suggest distal areas are more susceptible in infestation by Octolasmis spp. However, they did not show site specificity on the gill areas because it depends on the water current.AbstrakBarnacle (teritip) adalah simbion yang dalam jumlah besar akan membahayakan kepiting. Teritip tersebut berpengaruh pada pernapasan, aktivitas normal dan pertumbuhan kepiting. Prevalensi, intensitas rata-rata dan identifikasi pedunculate barnacle, Octolasmis spp. pada rajungan, Portunus pelagicus dari daerah pesisir Kuala Terengganu telah diteliti. Kekhasan lokasi dari berbagai spesies Octolasmis telah diperiksa. Kepiting telah diukur dan ditimbang. Kepiting dieuthanasi dengan cara dimasukkan kedalam es sampai tidak bergerak. Octolasmis diamati dari permukaan tubuh dan insang (branchial chamber). Octolasmis diamati pada tiap insang. Prevalensi dan intensitas rata-rata dihitung. Octolasmis diawetkan dalam alcohol 70 % dan mounting menggunakan Jeli gliserin untuk membuat slide permanen. Semua kepiting 13 ekor telah terinfestasi oleh empat spesies Octolasmis, yaitu 218 Octolasmis angulata, 191 Octolasmis warwickii, 16 Octolasmis tridens dan 218 Octolasmis lowei. Octolasmis angulate menunjukkan prevalensi paling tinggi (84,62%) dan prevalensi paling rendah adalah O. lowei (23,08%) dan O. warwickii(23,08%). Teritip menyerang insang, karapas, abdomen dan juga kaki jalan.Teritip paling sering ditemukan pada bagian insang 371 ekor (57,70%) dibandingkan pada bagian lain, 272 ekor (42,30%). Distribusi teritip pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bagian distal lebih rentan mengalami infestasi Octolasmis spp. Namun, teritip tidak menunjukkan kekhasan lokasi pada daerah insang bergantung pada arus air.


2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Gustavo Henrique Silva Peixoto ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pereira Costa Muniz ◽  
Mariany Dalila Milan ◽  
Franciely Magalhães Barroso ◽  
Daniel Diego Costa Carvalho

The seeds are considered important spread vehicles of pathogens.This study aimed to quantify the incidence of A. alternata and B. bicolor in wheat seeds ‘BRS 264’ and to perform morphological characterization of these fungi. Therefore, four sanitary evaluations were performed in gerbox transparent acrylic boxes. In order to inhibit germination, the seeds wereincubated in a BOD at 25ºC and 12-hour light period for 24 hours and, then, transferred to freezer at -20ºC and dark period for 24 hours. Just after, the seeds were incubated in BOD chamber at 25ºC and 12-hour light period during 8 days, which the incidence was estimated daily. Then, semi-permanent slide mountings were prepared for subsequent capturing images and measurement of fungi structures by obtaining 30 measurements of each structural component evaluated under a Leica DM500 light microscope, using the LAS EZ 2.0 (100x) software. The results concerning fungal structures and incidence were submitted to variance and regression analysis, respectively. From this, it was possible to confirm A. alternata and B. bicolor presence through morphological characterization, which presented 41.5 and 16.5% of incidence on the seeds at 8 days of evaluation, respectively.


2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kloster ◽  
Oliver Esper ◽  
Gerhard Kauer ◽  
Bánk Beszteri

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana J. Guzmán-Larralde ◽  
Alba P. Suaste-Dzul ◽  
Adrien Gallou ◽  
Kenzy I. Peña-Carrillo

Because of the tiny size of microhymenoptera, successful morphological identification typically requires specific mounting protocols that require time, skills, and experience. Molecular taxonomic identification is an alternative, but many DNA extraction protocols call for maceration of the whole specimen, which is not compatible with preserving museum vouchers. Thus, non-destructive DNA isolation methods are attractive alternatives for obtaining DNA without damaging sample individuals. However, their performance needs to be assessed in microhymenopterans. We evaluated six non-destructive methods: (A) DNeasy® Blood & Tissue Kit; (B) DNeasy® Blood & Tissue Kit, modified; (C) Protocol with CaCl2 buffer; (D) Protocol with CaCl2 buffer, modified; (E) HotSHOT; and (F) Direct PCR. The performance of each DNA extraction method was tested across several microhymenopteran species by attempting to amplify the mitochondrial gene COI from insect specimens of varying ages: 1 day, 4 months, 3 years, 12 years, and 23 years. Methods B and D allowed COI amplification in all insects, while methods A, C, and E were successful in DNA amplification from insects up to 12 years old. Method F, the fastest, was useful in insects up to 4 months old. Finally, we adapted permanent slide preparation in Canada balsam for every technique. The results reported allow for combining morphological and molecular methodologies for taxonomic studies.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Wares ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
SK Das ◽  
J Alam

The experiment was carried out to determine the gross and microscopic effects of arsenic on uterus of female Black Bengal Goats against control group in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202. A total of twelve mature female Black Bengal goats were studied, six from arsenic affected areas of Mymensingh district and theother six from Hill Tracts of Bangaldesh which are arsenic free. Gross parameters show slight variations in the morphology (color and shape) and biometry (size and weight) of uterus of arsenic affected Black Bengal goats, but this variation was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). For microscopic study, permanent slide was prepared by Mayer’s Hematoxylin and Eosin stain method. In microscopic level, there were significant variations in arsenic affected group of goats compared to the control group. Arsenic affected group of goats show thickening of uterine horn (p<0.01), uterine gland is lower in amount and diameter(p<0.01), cervical villi length was smaller (p<0.01), cervical wall thickness was higher (p<0.01). This work may be the tip of the iceberg representing the full extent of arsenic exposure to female genital tract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i1.13175 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (1): 61-68


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