scholarly journals IMPACT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER "DOSTATOK" ON THE SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF PINE PLANTATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Yuhnovskyi ◽  
Yu. S. Urliuk ◽  
M. P. Holovetskyi ◽  
I. L. Sereda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth

The survival and growth of pine plantations, created at the clear cuttings, with the use of organic fertilizer "Dostatok" are analyzed. The research was conducted in 11 forest units of the State Enterprise "Vyshche-Dubechna Forestry" in the fresh poor and rich forest sites. The plantations were created according to the following schemes: 4 rows of Scotch pine and 1 row of red oak with placement of seedlings 1.5×0.5 m and 1.5×1.0 m by planting them in a furrow formed by a plow PKL-70. The total forest pine plantations with application of fertilizer amounted to 22.2 hectares. The agrochemical analysis revealed that 40.6 % of organic matter was concentrated in the fertilizer, whereas in the organic layer of fresh poor and rich pine sites, the content of humus was 22.2 % and 30.7 % respectively. At the same time, fertilizer is characterized by a neutral environment, while the organic soil of fresh poor and rich pine sites has a very high acidity of the pH of the salt extract, which fluctuates within 3.5–3.6. The double predominance of the organic matter content in the fertilizer promotes the survival and growth of pine plantations. It was established that the introduction of fertilizer "Dostavok" in the form of tablets on the root system of pine seedlings increases the survival of forest plantations, which on sandy and sandy loam soils, respectively, reaches 90 and 95 %. Values of pH salt extraction indicate that the soils are very acid (3.5 and 3.1), with an average level of humus (2.4 and 7.4 %), low levels of ammonia and nitrate nitrogen and mobile phosphorus. Soil of fresh poor pine site has an elevated level of mobile potassium (139.87 mg·kg-1), while the fresh rich pine site is characterized by a low level of potassium, which is 46.39 mg·kg-1. Granulometric analysis of the soil showed that the poor sites are represented by sandy soils and rich sites – rough-dust sandy loam soils. Almost double the predominance of the organic matter content in the fertilizer "Dostatok" contributes to the survival and growth of pine plantations. The annual increment of pine seedlings on 4–7 cm was more than at the control. The use of bio-fertilizer also reduces the number of manual care and accelerates the closure in the rows, which in turn allows the transfer of forest crops to covered forest area a year earlier.

scholarly journals Sludge Treatment for Application in Agriculture Should be the Option Number One for Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Lidiia Svirenko ◽  
Viktoriia Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Climatic Zones

Ukraine is well-known in the world as a country with soil rich for humus. Approximately 68% of arable soils in Ukraine have been classificated as chernozem. For last decades decrease of organic matter content in soils of various agri-climatic zones has been surveyed in the country. The main reason of the mentioned process is enormous lack of organic fertilizer (manure) in agriculture connected with decrease in livestock (in 3 times since year 1992). Besides there is expansion of technical crops for biofuel production (like Brassica napus, Helianthus annuus), which are the provocateurs of soils exhaustion. At the same time such important source of organic matter for application in agriculture as sewage sludge (SS) from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is not used in Ukraine nowadays. To stop arable soils degradation in regions it is necessary to develop up-to-date management for fertilizer production on WWTPs. The base for the process has to be the acceptance of the goal-oriented National programme, corresponding governmental decrees and implementation of national standard for using sewage sludge as fertilizer.

CADMIUM IN DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND ITS AVAILABILITY IN SOILS AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MATTER AND ADDITIONS OF LIME, P, Cd AND Zn

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MACLEAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Plant Parts

The Cd concentration in 10 plant species grown in a neutral surface soil (0.65 ppm Cd) varied from 0.18 ppm in potato tubers to 0.99 ppm in soybean roots on a dry matter basis. Addition of 5 ppm Cd increased the concentrations in the plants markedly and they were particularly high in lettuce (10.36 ppm) and tobacco leaves (11.57 ppm). Cd concentrations tended to be lower in the edible portion (seed, fruit, tubers) than in other plant parts. Added Cd affected yields in only a few instances. But in another experiment, Cd added at a rate of 5 ppm to five soils decreased the yield of lettuce in most instances. In a comparison of results for two similarly managed sandy loam soils, nearly neutral in reaction but differing in organic matter content (2.17 vs. 15.95% organic C), the concentration of Cd was lower in lettuce grown in the soil with the higher amount of organic matter. The Cd content of the lettuce was reduced by liming some of the acid soils. Addition of Cd increased the concentration of Zn in the plants appreciably, but added Zn did not affect Cd uptake. In an incubation experiment comprising five soils, DTPA (diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid) extractable Cd decreased with liming of three Cd-treated acid soil samples. In comparisons of two sandy loam soils and of surface and subsoil layers of a sand, extractable Cd increased with higher amounts of soil organic matter.

COMPACTION AND SETTLING OF QUEBEC SOILS IN RELATION TO THEIR SOIL-WATER PROPERTIES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. DE KIMPE ◽  
M. BERNIER-CARDOU ◽  
P. JOLICOEUR
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Water Retention Properties ◽  
Soil Water Properties

Twenty-one topsoils, with texture varying from sandy loam to clay and organic matter content ranging from 1.6 to 11.9%, were submitted to compaction and settling at different moisture contents where dry bulk density was determined. Under compaction, the density curve went through a maximum while a minimum was observed in the case of settling. Optimum moisture contents corresponding to these two characteristic densities were almost the same. The most important physical properties affecting soil behavior under compaction and settling were found to be water retention properties at low matric potential which themselves depended primarily on organic matter content. Samples submitted to compaction had saturated hydraulic conductivities less than 1 cm/h, while after settling, Ksat measurements ranged from 0.8 to 234 cm/h. Organic matter played an important role in reducing the effects of compaction, and moisture content alone was not sufficient to predict the best conditions for workability in the fields.

The influence of surfactant and organic matter content on wetting pattern of different non-water repellent soils

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Chaichi ◽  
Marcus Turcios ◽  
Mina Rostamza
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Wetting Pattern

Non-ionic surfactants have been well researched as a tool to ameliorate water repellent conditions. However, few studies have evaluated the risks and benefits of non-ionic surfactant applications in wettable soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a surfactant in modifying the wetting pattern in soils of different textures and organic matter contents. The experimental treatments consisted of (1) four different soil textures including sandy, sandy loam, sandy clay loam and silt loam, (2) four different organic matter contents (0.2, 0.7, 1.2 and 1.7% by weight), and (3) irrigation water treatments with or without surfactant (IrrigAid Gold). The experiment was carried out in Plexiglas boxes with one drip emitter under the soil surface. The results demonstrated the superiority of surfactant application on increasing water distribution in the soil profile for all soil textural classes. Silt loam texture had the highest side wetted area and wetting depth 45min after the initiation of irrigation. Upward capillary water movement and top wetted area significantly decreased in the surfactant treatment across all soil textures except in sandy soil. As organic matter content increased, top wetted area decreased. These findings clarified the potential ability of surfactant in increasing water infiltration in non-repellent soil in an in vitro system.

Effects of long-term application of organic fertilizer on improving organic matter content and retarding acidity in red soil from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 104382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanxi Wang ◽  
Jianling Xu ◽  
Xuejun Liu ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Longwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Red Soil

STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION OF PLANTS AND FREE-LIVING NITROGEN-FIXING MICROORGANISMS: II. DEVELOPMENT OF ANTAGONISTS OF AZOTOBACTER IN THE RHIZOSPHERE OF PLANTS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF GROWTH IN TWO SOILS

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Strzelczyk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Central Experimental Farm

This study represents an attempt to correlate the low numbers of Azotobacter in rhizosphere and root-free soils at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, with the incidence of bacterial and actinomycete antagonists of this organism. Wheat, radish, and onion were grown in the greenhouse in two soils varying greatly in fertility and organic matter content, and isolations of bacteria and actinomycetes were made periodically for testing against Azotobacter. It was found that rhizosphere soil contained greater numbers of microorganisms antagonistic to Azotobacter than root-free soil. Of the three crops used wheat exerted the least effect. In all the tests numbers of antagonists were greater in the fertile Granby sandy loam than in the infertile Upland sand. The results correlated well with the Azotobacter populations in these soils as reported in the first paper of this series.

scholarly journals Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and soil properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
MB Hossain ◽  
KS Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

A Greenhouse experiment was conducted to identify the suitable dose of organic fertilizer for lettuce production. Different doses of organic fertilizer (6.5, 13 and 26 t ha-1) and the recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (RDCF) as standard were selected for this experiment. Application of 13 t ha-1 organic fertilizer significantly increased leaf size (length and breadth) of lettuce. This treatment also increased 14, 25, 21, 32, 24, 27, 36 and 168% fresh weight, dry weight, N, P, K, Ca, Mg & Na uptake over RDCF, respectively. Organic matter content was increased of 17.79, 43.82 and 89.89% in 6.5, 13 and 26 t ha-1 organic fertilizer treated plots respectively over recommended dose of chemical fertilizers. Data also indicated that organic fertilizer @ 26 t ha-1 resulted in significant increase in pH, total nitrogen (24%), organic matter (90%) and Zn (29%) compared to RDCF and decreased electrical conductivity, mineral nitrogen (NH4 +-N & NO3 --N) and cadmium and lead (Cd & Pb) in soil. Positive and significant correlation was observed on yield and yield attributes of lettuce and soil nitrogen, organic matter with pH, total nitrogen with mineral nitrogen and negative correlation was found with applied organic fertilizer with cadmium and lead. Based on these results, organic fertilizer @ 13 t ha-1 without chemical fertilizer could be recommended to increase lettuce yield as well as mitigate heavy metals in soil.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 93-102 (2017)

Flumetsulam mobility in two Mississippi soils as influenced by irrigation timing

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris H. Tingle ◽  
David R. Shaw ◽  
Patrick D. Gerard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Loam Soil

Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate14C-flumetsulam mobility in two Mississippi soils of varied texture and organic matter content following delays in irrigation. Mobility was evaluated using packed soil columns, 25 cm deep, under unsaturated–saturated flow conditions. Irrigation timings included 0, 3, and 5 d after flumetsulam application. Flumetsulam mobility (defined as the amount collected in leachate) decreased from 45% to no more than 20% of the applied in the Prentiss sandy loam soil when irrigation was delayed 3 or 5 d. With the Okolona soil, flumetsulam recovery in the leachate was 21, 14, and 6%, respectively when irrigation occurred 0, 3, and 5 d after application. Flumetsulam proved to be mobile when irrigation immediately followed application, with 6 to 45% recovered in the leachate from all soils evaluated. The Prentiss soil retained 6% of the applied flumetsulam in the upper 5 cm and the Okolona soil retained 22% when irrigation immediately followed flumetsulam application. When the irrigation interval was delayed at least 3 d, the Okolona soil retained 40% in the upper 5 cm, whereas the Prentiss soil retained 10%. Flumetsulam mobility was dependent on irrigation timing and soil type.

PERSISTENCE AND PHYTOTOXICITY OF DINITROANILINE HERBICIDES IN MANITOBA SOILS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. PRITCHARD ◽  
E. H. STOBBE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Dinitroaniline Herbicides

The persistence and phytotoxicity of dinitramine (n4, N4-diethyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-3,5-dinitrotoluene-2,4-diamine), fluchloralin (N-(2-chloroethyl)-2, 6-dinitro- N-propyl-4- (trifluoromethyl)aniline), profluralin (N-(cyclopropylmethyl)α,α,α-trifluoro-2, 6-dinitro-N-propyl-p-toluidine), and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N-N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) were compared in three Manitoba soils: sandy loam, clay loam and clay. The phytotoxicities of all chemicals decreased with increased organic matter. The phytotoxicities of the dinitroanilines were: dinitramine > trifluralin > profluralin = fluchloralin. Increased organic matter increased the persistence of trifluralin and fluchloralin. Profluralin and dinitramine persistence increased with increased clay and organic matter content. Profluralin was the most persistent chemical over all soil types. Under environmental conditions that retard dinitroaniline loss from Manitoba soils, residues of some of these herbicides may cause crop injury the year after application.

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