Chemical diversity of mint essential oils and their aromatherapy significance

The Papeda Citrus subgenus includes several species belonging to two genetically distinct groups, containing mostly little-exploited wild forms of citrus. However, little is known about the potentially large and novel aromatic diversity contained in these wild citruses. In this study, we characterized and compared the essential oils obtained from peels and leaves from representatives of both Papeda groups, and three related hybrids. Using a combination of GC, GC-MS, and 13C-NMR spectrometry, we identified a total of 60 compounds in peel oils (PO), and 76 compounds in leaf oils (LO). Limonene was the major component in almost all citrus PO, except for C. micrantha and C. hystrix, where β-pinene dominated (around 35%). LO composition was more variable, with different major compounds among almost all samples, except for two citrus pairs: C. micrantha/C. hystrix and two accessions of C. ichangensis. In hybrid relatives, the profiles were largely consistent with their Citrus/Papeda parental lineage. This high chemical diversity, not only among the sections of the subgenus Papeda, but also between species and even at the intraspecific level, suggests that Papeda may be an important source of aroma diversity for future experimental crosses with field crop species.

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CHEMICAL DIVERSITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF 15 PIPER SPECIES FROM GUATEMALA

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2012.964.4 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 39-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S.M. Cruz ◽

A. Cáceres ◽

L.E. Álvarez ◽

M.A. Apel ◽

A.T. Henriques

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Diversity

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Monoterpenes and Sesquiterpenes of Essential Oils from Psidium Species and Their Biological Properties

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26040965 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 965

Author(s):

Renan Campos e Silva ◽

Jamile S. da Costa ◽

Raphael O. de Figueiredo ◽

William N. Setzer ◽

Joyce Kelly R. da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

New Drugs ◽

Natural Sources ◽

Biological Potential ◽

The World ◽

Review Reports ◽

Collection Sites

Psidium (Myrtaceae) comprises approximately 266 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Psidium taxa have great ecological, economic, and medicinal relevance due to their essential oils’ chemical diversity and biological potential. This review reports 18 Psidium species growing around the world and the chemical and biological properties of their essential oils. Chemically, 110 oil records are reported with significant variability of volatile constituents, according to their seasonality and collection sites. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes with acyclic (C10 and C15), p-menthane, pinane, bisabolane, germacrane, caryophyllane, cadinane, and aromadendrane skeleton-types, were the primary constituents. The essential oils showed various biological activities, including antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, phytotoxic, larvicidal, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic properties. This review contributes to the Psidium species rational and economic exploration as natural sources to produce new drugs.

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Advanced Chemophenetic Analysis of Essential Oil from Leaves of Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) Using a New Reduction-Oxidation Index to Explore Seasonal and Circadian Rhythms

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10102116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2116

Author(s):

Ygor Jessé Ramos ◽

Claudete da Costa-Oliveira ◽

Irene Candido-Fonseca ◽

George Azevedo de Queiroz ◽

Elsie Franklin Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Chemical Diversity ◽

Terpene Biosynthesis ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Compound C ◽

A Value ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Aromatic Species ◽

Piper Gaudichaudianum

The aromatic species Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth (Piperaceae) is widely used in Brazil for medicinal and ritualistic applications. In the current study, chemophenetic patterns were realized across season and circadian rhythm based on the chemical profile of essential oils (EOs) from leaves. Hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID, and a new calculation of metabolite oxidation level, averaged for each individual molecule component of the EO, was used to explore the patterns of metabolism/biosynthesis. This new index used an intermediate calculation, the ‘weighted average redox standard’ (SRO), to enable a value for mixtures of metabolites to be generated, the ‘general mixture redox index’ (GMOR). The indices were subjected to a proof-of-concept approach by making comparison to outcomes from multivariate analyses, i.e., PCA and HCA. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the essential oils were dominated by sesquiterpenes, constructed of 15 classes of compound (C-skeletons), and 4 C-skeletons were recognized in the monoterpene group, giving a total of 19. The variation of chemical profiles was distinct at different phenological stages, but stronger chemical variation was evident between day and night as compared to season. Furthermore, due to comprehensive sampling across different regions, nine chemotypes were recognized, including those previously reported. The SRO and GMRO indices demonstrate that phenological variation of chemistry is mainly an outcome of redox fluctuations in terpene biosynthesis, changing from day to night. These indices also corroborate that chemical diversity is increased with oxidative metabolism. Lastly, the current study demonstrates pronounced phenotypic plasticity in P. gaudichaudianum, which makes it a suitable candidate to help further our understanding of chemophenetics and chemical ecology.

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