scholarly journals MEDICIÓN INDIRECTA DE LA TASA DE CONSUMO DE ADULTOS E INMADUROS DE Trialeurodes vaporariorum (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) SOBRE FRÍJOL

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Luisa Fernanda SUÁREZ GONZALES ◽  
Marco Antonio DÍAZ TAPIAS ◽  
Daniel RODRÍGUEZ CAICEDO ◽  
Fernando CANTOR RINCÓN
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Food Consumption Rate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Rate Of Consumption

<p>La biología y ecología de la mosca blanca de los invernaderos, <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorum </em>(Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyroridae), se encuentra ampliamente documentada. Sin embargo, hasta el momento no hay reportes acerca de la tasa de consumo de alimento por este fitófago, un parámetro necesario para modelos de simulación. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue la medición indirecta del consumo de alimento por el adulto e instares inmaduros de <em>T. vaporariorum</em> basado en metodologías encontradas en la literatura científica. La estimación de la tasa de consumo de alimento por adultos se realizó bajo condiciones de laboratorio, utilizando como unidad experimental una planta de fríjol de dos semanas de edad. El experimento consistió de dos tratamientos: (T1) plantas libres de cualquier fitófago y (T2) plantas sometidas a infestaciones con <em>T. vaporariorum</em>, cada tratamiento con 20 repeticiones y una réplica en el tiempo de todo el experimento. Se registró el peso fresco diariamente en ambos tratamientos. Para el caso de los inmaduros, la unidad experimental consistió en una hoja cotiledónea de fríjol, infestada con una población determinada de inmaduros de cada instar de mosca blanca teniendo así cinco tratamientos (Instar I, II, III, IV y Control) cada uno con 17 repeticiones. Se registró diariamente el peso fresco de las hojas. Se obtuvo un consumo promedio de alimento por el adulto de 0,277 ± 0,0042 mg.dia<sup>-1</sup>. Para los dos primeros instares ninfales se estimó una tasa de consumo de 0,052 mg.dia<sup>-1</sup>, en el tercer instar de 0,14 mg.dia<sup>-1</sup>, y para el cuarto instar de 0,19 mg.dia<sup>-1</sup>. Un adulto de mosca blanca puede consumir en un día seis veces su peso y un inmaduro ocho veces, gracias a su rápido metabolismo y la constante excreción de mielecilla. </p><p><strong>Indirect Measurement of the</strong> <strong>Rate of Consumption of Adult and Immature of <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorum </em>(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) On Common Bean</strong></p><p>The biology and ecology of the greenhouse whitefly, <em>Trialeurodes vaporariorum </em>Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyroridae), is widely documented. However, so far there are not reports about the rate of consumption of this phytophagous. Therefore, the objective of this research was to measure the food consumption by the adult and immature instars of <em>T. vaporariorum</em> based on indirect methodologies found in the literature. The estimate of the food consumption rate by adults was conducted under laboratory conditions, using as experimental units plant beans two weeks old. The experiment consisted of two treatments: (T1) plants free from any phytophagous and (T2) plants subjected to infestation with <em>T. vaporariorum</em>, with 20 repetitions each treatment and replicated over time. In the case of the immature individuals, the experimental unit consisted of a bean cotyledon leaf infested with a population of immature individuals of each instar of whitefly, having five treatments (Instar I, II, III, IV and Control) each with 17 repetitions. Fresh weight of leaves was recorded daily. An average food consumption of 0.277 ± 0.0042 mg.day<sup>-1</sup> was obtained for the adult. For the first two nymphal instars food consumption rate of 0.052 mg.day<sup>-1</sup> was estimated, for the third instar 0.14 mg.day<sup>-1</sup>, and for the fourth instar 0.19 mg.day<sup>-1</sup>. An whitefly adult can consume in a day six times its weight and an immature eight times, this thanks to the rapid metabolism and a constant excretion of honeydew of the species.</p>

scholarly journals An evaluation of the relation between food consumption rate and equilibrium body-weight in male rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom W. Gettys ◽  
Susan Mills ◽  
Donald M. Henrickst
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Total Intake ◽  
Food Consumption Rate ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Food Intake Rate

1. Two experimental approaches were employed to assess the relation between food consumption rate and maintenance requirements in male weanling rats. The first approach involved restricting food intake in rats previously given free access to food from weaning to 59 d of age. The second approach involved restriction of food intake to various levels after weaning. Maintenance requirements (g foodid per g body-weight (W)) were estimated by dividing the rate of food consumption by the resulting equilibrium W (EBW) for each animal. In addition, food consumption was partitioned into growth-independent (maintenance) and growth-dependent (gain) components by alternately setting W and specific growth rate (W') to zero in an equation relating food intake rate to W and W. Coupling coefficients representing maintenance consumption (g food/d per g W) and gain consumption (g food/g gain) were estimated for each animal by least squares.2. Both techniques for estimating maintenance consumption provided similar estimates within and across experiments, and regardless of when food restriction was imposed or its severity, consumption for maintenance was about 5% W/d.3. The EBW to which animals in each treatment group aspired was directly proportional to that group's food intake rate.4. Coventional measures of growth efficiency were also related to food intake; efficiency decreased with decreasing food intake. Partitioning food consumption into maintenance and gain components revealed that as the rate of food intake decreased, the proportion of total intake consumed for maintenance increased. The results suggest that growth efficiency declines during food intake restriction because proportionately more of total intake is used for maintenance, leaving less available for gain.

Pirimiphos-Methyl Residues and Control of Greenhouse Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on Seven Vegetables

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Antonious ◽  
John C. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Initial Deposition ◽  
Waiting Periods ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plant Surfaces

A gas chromatographic analysis of pirimiphos-methyl, Actellic®, residues on four leafy vegetables (celery, radicchio, cabbage and kohlrabi) and three fruity vegetables (green beans, pepper and cucumber) is reported. The method proved to be accurate and reliable for residue estimation with recoveries of 90–96% from fortified vegetable tissues, depending on the crop species and the part of the plant analyzed. Initial deposition of pirimiphos-methyl and its disappearance rate on the different types of plant surfaces varied widely. Residue disappearance rates varied from rapid on cucumber fruits (t½ = 1.8 d) to slow on pepper fruits (t½ = 4.3 d) over a 42-day period. On leaves, green beans had the highest dissipation rate (t½ = 2.0 d) while pepper had the lowest (t½ = 4.7 d). Waiting periods (preharvest safety intervals) on each crop were also determined. The potential of pirimiphos-methyl was tested as a candidate for greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) control. Cucumber and bean foliage were preferred by greenhouse whitefly. One day following application of Actellic® 5E emulsifiable concentrate at the rate of 4.5 g (AI)/L of liquid spray, whitefly populations were reduced significantly on both cucumber (88%) and beans (96%). Pirimiphos-methyl may be a useful candidate for control of greenhouse whitefly and other insects in home gardens based on its effectiveness and human safety.

scholarly journals Design and development of RFID based Multi-User Smart Energy Distribution System at Sunyani Technical University, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4596-4603
Author(s):  
Samuel Jonas Yeboah Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Energy Meter ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fire Outbreak ◽  
Rate Of Consumption

In Ghana families living in large and compound houses desire to have separate energy meters from other occupants. This is because individuals cannot monitor and control the energy consumption of other tenants and results in misunderstanding in energy bill sharing, overcrowding of energy meters on the wall of a building and likelihood of fire outbreak. It is therefore expedient to have a very accurate, efficient and peaceful means of delivering electrical energy to multiple users within a household with just a single energy meter and this has necessitated the introduction of Smart Multi-user Energy Distribution Meter (SEDS). In this paper microcontroller based smart electrical distribution switch that has the capability of allocating independent energy units to several users in a household is proposed. Experiment was done by assigning Energy units of 4kWh, 8kWh and 6kWh to three logging points on the SEDS device representing three different users. A load of 100W was connected representing the consumption of individual user. The results indicate that the rate of consumption is dependent on the total load connected. The SEDS device has different switches allocated to each user which monitor the consumption rate of the user and automatically isolate a user when power gets exhausted which serve the same purpose as several users having different energy meters. However, individual consumption can be monitored and controlled by the user.

scholarly journals STUDIES REGARDING THE WHITEFLY EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE EGG AND LARVAE (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Pop ◽  
Daniela Pop ◽  
G. Cuc ◽  
Simona Oros ◽  
I. Oltean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Greenhouse Whitefly ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
Great Damage

The greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw.) is one of the most important pests met in protected spaces, determining major damages to vegetables crops and also to the flower crops. this pest, besides the damage it determine in greenhouses crops, in hot years, during summer, it also can be seen in field crops, where it produce great damage by stinging and sucking the cell juice from the leaves tissues and young offshoot of different crop plants. Researchers all over the world where this pest has been seen were and still are preoccupied by all the aspects concerning its origin, spreading areas, morphology, biology and control. The present paper propose a study f the morphology of the egg and larvae of this dangerous pest and the completition of the dates already known with the photos taken at the Center of Electronic Microscopy at Babeş-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca.

scholarly journals Fermented pollen substitute diet affects the lifespan of honey bee workers under the effect of food consumption rate and vitellogenin expression

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd El-Moezz Mahbob ◽  
Rania-Qurashy Sayed ◽  
Adham Moustafa ◽  
Mohamed Fathallah Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Food Consumption Rate ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Honey Bee Workers
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