scholarly journals Effect of Diesel Oil and Mixture of Alcohol-Glycol Ether on Colombian Ultrafine Coal Cleaning Using a Test-Rig Closed-Loop Flotation Column

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. e88273
Author(s):  
Jorge Luis Piñeres ◽  
Juan M. Barraza-Burgos ◽  
Silvia P. Bellich-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Maximum Mass ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Flotation Column ◽  
Coal Cleaning ◽  
Ash Removal ◽  
Collector Concentration

A test-rig closed-loop flotation column was used to observe the effect of diesel oil (collector) and Flomin F-425 (frother) on mass yield and ash content for two Colombian coals: Caypa (northern zone) and Guachinte (southwestern zone). The coal samples of less than 38 µm (-400 M) were processed in a collector concentration range of 0,32 to 1,60 kg/ton of coal, as well as a frother concentration range of 10 to 50 ppm. The response surface methodology was used for the experimental test runs. The results showed that the maximum mass yield obtained by Caypa coal was 98,39% at 1,28 kg of collector/ton of coal and 40 ppm of frother concentration, whereas Guachinte coal obtained a maximum mass yield of 94,71% at 0,96 kg of collector/ton of coal and 30 ppm of frother concentration. In general, for Caypa coal, the mass yield tends to increase (low ash removal) with the collector and frother concentration increase; while the mass yield tends to decrease (high ash removal) for Guachinte coal when the collector concentration increases (low ash removal) at high frother concentrations. It is worth highlighting that the ash content of 0,65% obtained for Caypa coal is the lowest value reported in the literature while employing a test-rig loop flotation column in a single stage, which is considered to be an ultra-clean coal obtained by a physical cleaning process.

scholarly journals Level control loop design for a test-rig flotation column

2019 ◽  
Vol 1219 ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
J Piñeres ◽  
M. Mendoza ◽  
M Tellez ◽  
F Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Control Loop ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Flotation Column ◽  
Loop Design

Research on Environmental Friendly Floatation Agent

2011 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 810-814
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Xie ◽  
Xiao Wei He ◽  
Kai Wu Huang ◽  
Yu Ran Zhang ◽  
Cong Kun Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Good Stability ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Coal Flotation ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Flotation Collector

A newly developed coal flotation collector EDO and its flotation characteristics for three Shanxi different coals were introduced in this paper. EDO was an emulsion composed by diesel oil, water and independent development surfactant PGS. Compared flotation experiments show that, at the same dosage, EDO gives 2~5% combustile material recovery promotion than typical collector with only a slightly ash content increment, but saving over 70% diesel oil, and improves the floatation speed. EDO could promote the dispersion of diesel oil in the slurry, so that the efficiency of floatation was improved. The flotation results showed that the EDO had the characteristics of excellent performance, high selectivity and good stability.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL MODEL OF AVIATION GEARBOX TEST RIG IN A CLOSED LOOP CONFIGURATION

Aviation ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Markowski ◽  
Stanislaw Noga ◽  
Stanislaw Rudy
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Free Vibration Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Element Method

The development of computer techniques and computational systems based on the finite element method allows one to conduct a free vibration analysis of large systems like an aviation gearbox test rig. The object of this paper is to present a free vibration analysis of a gear fatigue test rig working in a closed loop configuration. A numerical model of the test rig based on the finite element method is presented in this paper. The base model contains all the essential structures of the real system. After the numerical results of the natural frequencies of the rig were obtained, they were then verified by the experimental results on a real object. Numerical analysis was performed using the ANSYS code. Santrauka Baigtiniu elementu metodu paremtas kompiuterines technikos ir kompiuteriniu sistemu kūrimas leidžia atlikti laisvuju svyravimu analize tokios dideles sistemos, kaip aviacines pavaru dežes, testavimo irenginys. Šio darbo tikslas buvo atlikti pavaru dežes nuovargio bandymu irenginio, veikiančio uždaro kontūro konfigūracijoje, laisvuju svyravimu analize. Taip pat pateikiamas testavimo irenginio skaitinis modelis, kurio veikimas yra pagristas baigtiniu elementu metodu. Pagrindinis modelis turi visas tikrosios sistemos svarbiausias struktūras. Gavus irenginio savuju dažniu kiekybinius rezultatus, buvo patikrinti realaus objekto eksperimentiniai rezultatai. Naudojantis ANSYS sistema buvo atlikta skaitine analize.

Investigation of an Electrohydraulic Servovalve With Tuneable Return Pressure and Drain Orifice

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LeQuoc ◽  
R. M. H. Cheng ◽  
A. Limaye
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Velocity Versus ◽  
System Control ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Tuning Parameters

This paper describes a new concept of electrohydraulic servovalve where the novelty lies mainly in the fact that the return pressure and return orifice of the servovalve are tuneable and can be adjusted to satisfy the system control requirements. The actuator velocity characteristics of a hydraulic servomechanism operating under steady state condition is analysed through the use of dimensionless quantities. It is established that the proposed configuration exhibits a nonlinear actuator velocity versus servovalve opening relationship and at small servovalve opening, the system offers a higher actuator velocity. The closed loop system transient responses are also investigated by means of digital computer simulation. The results are experimentally verified on a test rig specifically designed for this purpose. It is observed that with the return pressure and return orifice properly tuned, one can achieve a high gain yet high damping servosystem. A design procedure is described which provides the designer with a step by step method for determining the tuning parameters in order to obtain a desired system performance.

Investigation on the Dynamic Response of Blades With Asymmetric Under Platform Dampers

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bessone ◽  
Federico Toso ◽  
Teresa Berruti
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Closed Loop Control System ◽  
Loop Control System ◽  
Underplatform Damper ◽  
Different Levels

The paper presents the experimental activity about the dynamic response of the blades of a gas turbine for power generation carrying underplatform dampers. The final aim of the activity is to provide an experimental data base to validate the results of a numerical tool which calculates the response of the blades with underplatform dampers. The blades have fir tree attachments and an asymmetric damper is fitted between the blade platforms. The dynamic behavior of the blades is detected by an experimental campaign on two blades mounted in a test rig. Stepped sine measurements are performed with a closed-loop control system on the excitation amplitude. Different levels of excitation amplitude and centrifugal force on the damper are tested. The test campaign pointed out the presence of damping due both to the underplatform damper and to the blade attachment. The contribution of the different damping sources are discussed and analyzed. A method is suggested to identify the root damping which is not constant but proved to depend on the excitation force on the blades.

Effect of Fuel Properties on the Bottom Ash Generation Rate by a Laboratory Fluidized Bed Combustor

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter L. Rozelle ◽  
Sarma V. Pisupati ◽  
Alan W. Scaroni
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Test System ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Inventory Level ◽  
Ash Removal

The fluidized bed combustion (FBC) process, used in power generation, can handle a variety of fuels. However, the range of fuels that can be accommodated by an FBC boiler system is affected by the ability of the fuel, sorbent, and ash-handling equipment to move the required solids through the boiler. Of specific interest is the bottom ash handling equipment, which must have sufficient capacity to remove ash from the system in order to maintain a constant bed inventory level, and must have sufficient capability to cool the ash well below the bed temperature. Quantification of a fuel’s bottom ash removal requirements can be useful for plant design. The effect of fuel properties, on the rate of bottom ash production in a laboratory FBC test system was examined. The work used coal products ranging in ash content from 20to40+wt.%. The system’s classification of solids by particle size into flyash and bottom ash was characterized using a partition curve. Fuel sizing was compared to the partition curve, and fuels were fractionated by particle size. Fuel fractions in the size range characteristic of bottom ash were further analyzed for distributions of ash content with respect to specific gravity, using float sink tests. The fuel fractions were then ashed in a fixed bed. In each case, the highest ash content fraction produced ash with the coarsest size consist (characteristic of bottom ash). The lower ash content fractions were found to produce ash in the size range characteristic of flyash, suggesting that the high ash content fractions were largely responsible for the production of bottom ash. The contributions of the specific gravity fractions to the composite ash in the fuels were quantified. The fuels were fired in the laboratory test system. Fuels with higher amounts of high specific gravity particles, in the size ranges characteristic of bottom ash, were found to produce more bottom ash, indicating the potential utility of float sink methods in the prediction of bottom ash removal requirements.

Experimental Research of Roughing and Cleaning Column Flotation of Difficult-to-Float High Ash Coal

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1603-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhong Wang ◽  
Xian Bo Zhang ◽  
Hai Bin Qin ◽  
Li Tan
Keyword(s):  
Coal Sample ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
Flotation Concentrate ◽  
Flotation Column ◽  
Flotation Tailing ◽  
Concentrate Yield ◽  
Coal Slime ◽  
High Ash Coal ◽  
Preparation Plant

Coal slime in Zhongcheng coal preparation plant in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, was analyzed. It is found that this coal sample is with high inner ash content and very difficult to float. It is hard to obtain low ash concentrate and high ash tailing with primary flotation. The live scale required ash content is 12.00% for total clean coal, 15.00% for flotation concentrate. It is found that the lowest concentrate ash content is 29.24% through exploring flotation experiments, which can not meet the producing requirement. Results of timed release flotation experiment show that when concentrate ash content is 15.00%, the theoretical concentrate yield is 24.36%, with 50.03% of flotation tailing ash content and 35.49% of combustible matter recovery. It can be concluded that the floatable grade of this coal sample is Very Difficult to Float. So flotation column is taken into account. The lowest concentrate ash content of roughing flotation by flotation column is 18.94%, which does not meet the requirement, either. Results of cleaning flotation of roughing flotation concentrate show that when the recycling pressure is 0.14 MPa, the concentrate ash content is 14.15% with a yield of 30.39%, which is satisfactory and can be referred to direct industrial production.

Partitioning of Trace Elements During Fluidized Bed Combustion of High Ash Content Lignite

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Selc¸uk ◽  
Yusuf Gogebakan ◽  
Zuhal Gogebakan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Element Partitioning

The behavior of 20 trace elements (As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, V, Zn) and 8 major and minor elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Si, Ti) during the combustion of high ash content lignite with and without limestone addition have been investigated in the 0.3 MWt Middle East Technical University (METU) Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor (ABFBC) Test Rig. Experiments were performed without fines recycle. Inert bed material utilized in the experiments was bed ash obtained previously from the combustion of the same lignite without limestone addition in the same test rig. Concentrations of trace elements in coal, limestone, bottom ash, cyclone ash and filter ash were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Measurements show that the distribution of major and minor elements follows the ash split between the bottom ash and fly ash and that the major proportion of most of the trace elements (As, Ba, Cr, Hg, Li, Mo, Ni, Sn, V, Zn) are recovered in fly ash. Comparisons between the trace element partitioning of the runs with and without limestone addition reveal that addition of limestone shifts the partitioning of Ba, Cr, Hg, Mo, Ni, Sn, V, Zn from bottom ash to fly ash.

GT10C: 30 MW Gas Turbine for Mechanical Drive and Power Generation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Hellberg ◽  
Georg Norden ◽  
Sergey Shukin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Maximum Reliability

ALSTOM Power has launched the GT10C a 30 MW industrial gas turbine (see figure 1) upgraded from the 25 MW GT10B. The thermal efficiency of the new gas turbine is 37.3% (shaft) and 36% electrical at ISO inlet conditions with no losses. The new GT10C has a Dry Low Emission (DLE) combustor for both natural gas and diesel oil fuel; it has NOx emissions at 15 ppmv on gas and 42 ppmv on oil fuel (15% O2 dry). The first GT10C is now manufactured and assembled, and has been under testing since October 2001. For this purpose a new test rig has been built in Finspong, Sweden, in order to verify performance and reliability. GT10C will be available to the market mid-2002 and manufactured in parallel with GT10B. The general design is based on the GT10B and measures have been taken for maximum reliability and maintenance in order to keep operation costs to a minimum. Improvements for GT10C are mainly derived from GT10B or taken from ALSTOM Power GTX100 (43 MW gas turbine), as described herein.

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