Effect of Diesel Oil and Mixture of Alcohol-Glycol Ether on Colombian Ultrafine Coal Cleaning Using a Test-Rig Closed-Loop Flotation Column

A test-rig closed-loop flotation column was used to observe the effect of diesel oil (collector) and Flomin F-425 (frother) on mass yield and ash content for two Colombian coals: Caypa (northern zone) and Guachinte (southwestern zone). The coal samples of less than 38 µm (-400 M) were processed in a collector concentration range of 0,32 to 1,60 kg/ton of coal, as well as a frother concentration range of 10 to 50 ppm. The response surface methodology was used for the experimental test runs. The results showed that the maximum mass yield obtained by Caypa coal was 98,39% at 1,28 kg of collector/ton of coal and 40 ppm of frother concentration, whereas Guachinte coal obtained a maximum mass yield of 94,71% at 0,96 kg of collector/ton of coal and 30 ppm of frother concentration. In general, for Caypa coal, the mass yield tends to increase (low ash removal) with the collector and frother concentration increase; while the mass yield tends to decrease (high ash removal) for Guachinte coal when the collector concentration increases (low ash removal) at high frother concentrations. It is worth highlighting that the ash content of 0,65% obtained for Caypa coal is the lowest value reported in the literature while employing a test-rig loop flotation column in a single stage, which is considered to be an ultra-clean coal obtained by a physical cleaning process.

Simultaneous Removal of Al, Cu and Zn Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Ion and Precipitate Flotation Methods

This paper presents the results of investigations concerning the simultaneous removal of Al(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II) from dilute aqueous solutions using ion and precipitate flotation methods. The effects of initial solution pH, surface active substance concentration, and the gas velocity on the flotations’ efficiency and course are studied. Experimental results are discussed in terms of physicochemical aspects related to aqueous solutions of metal salts. The results indicate that satisfying simultaneous flotations of aluminum, copper and zinc species are observed if the pH value ranges between 7.0 and 9.0. It was found that an increase in collector concentration results in a decrease in the flotation rate constants. An increase in the gas velocity results in an increase in the ion and precipitate flotation rates.

On the Treating of Lead Polluted Water: Flotation of Lead Colloidal Carbonate

The colloid flotation of lead carbonate in aqueous media is studied at pH 7. The flotation system consisted of five spargered flotation cells in a serial array. The flotation cells were operated under controlled conditions of superficial gas and liquid velocity, frother, and collector concentration. The measured variables were gas holdup, bubble size, superficial bubble surface flux, and lead recovery in the concentrate. The experimental data show that it is possible to separate up to 93% (w/w) of lead from the aqueous media when the superficial gas velocity is 0.8 cm/s and the superficial liquid velocity is 0.19 cm/s.

Investigation of Copper Recovery from a New Copper Deposit (Nussir) in Northern-Norway: Thionocarbamates and Xanthate-Thionocarbamate Blend as Collectors

Norway has newly seen an upsurge of interest in exploiting its mineral deposits influenced by fresh Government focus and survey support for previously under-prospected areas. One of the major areas of interest is a huge copper deposit, operated by Nussir ASA, located in the Repparfjord tectonic window in the Caledonides of west Finnmark. The latest mineral resource estimation is from July 2014, which states that Nussir consists of 5.8 million tonnes of indicated resources and 60.2 million tonnes of inferred resources, giving 66 million tonnes of copper ore. This paper represents the first study on processing characteristics of this ore to date. Our parallel studies using xanthates and dithiophosphates as collectors for Nussir ore flotation examined the grade and recovery of copper, silver, gold, and platinum group (PGM) minerals. Therefore, in this subsequent study, a chelating agent n-Butoxycarbonyl-O-n-butyl thionocarbamate (BBT) is used as a collector and it was found that the recovery and grades of the economically interesting minerals are improved at as low as 2 × 10−5 M collector concentration. Zeta potential, Hallimond flotation and adsorption studies were initially performed in order to assess the selective interaction of BBT and its blend with SIBX (Sodium Isobutyl xanthate) on the three copper minerals of the ore. The bench scale flotation experiments were performed using mixtures of xanthate and thionocarbamate collectors of the Nussir ore and both the resulting copper recovery and grade employing these collector mixtures is observed to be 2–8% superior to the use of a single collector system. Additionally, the current study revealed that the metallurgical results are strongly influenced by the ratio of the collectors in the mixture and particularly the sequence of the collector addition.

Treatment of produced water by induced air flotation: effect of both TWEEN 80 and ethanol concentrations on the recovery of PAHs

The present study investigates the application of induced air flotation (IAF) technique on PAHs (PAHs) removal performance from a real oilfield produced water of a separator cell. The quantification of total PAHs (PAHtot) was done using ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Vis) according to the naphthalene calibration curve. The UV-Vis spectra of naphthalene dissolved in a mixture of the binary solvent (water-ethanol) and the Tween 80 showed stability in the molecular orbital of C10H8. The use of small concentration of Tween 80 was revealed to be discrete in the quantification of PAHtot. The flotation process was improved at the critical micelle concentration of Tween 80 (CMC) of 2 % and the critical coalescence concentration of ethanol (CCC) of 0.5 mL/L for the PAHtot recovery of 49.76 % and the PAHtot content in the pulp of 50.24 %. At these concentrations, half of PAHtot was removed from produced water PW. Above the CMC and the CCC, the PAHtot recovery decreased and the PAHtot content in the pulp increased. It was found that there is a collector concentration at which the amount of water carrying from the pulp to the concentrate was increased and in parallel, the PAHtot recovery increased and the PAHtot content in the pulp decreased. Both of the CMC and the CCC have promoted the decrease on the conditioning time from 30 to 10 min and the flotation time from 20 to 6 min. Since the impeller speed and air flow rate were constant, the flotation of PAHs was limited. The flotation kinetics of PAHtot was described by the Higuchi model.

Sulfur reduction in Sangan iron ore by flotation

in this study the flotation of pyrite as the main sulfide impurity of Sangan iron ore in Iran, was investigated. For this purpose the effect of collector type, pH, collector concentration and stage dosing on reverse flotation of iron sulfide ore from magnetite ore was investigated. Two type of thiol collectors include xanthates (sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) and potassium amyl xanthate (PAX)) and dithiocarbamate (di-ethyl dithiocarbamate (DTC)) and the mixture of collectors was studied. The highest sulfur removal was obtained with potassium amyl xanthate. Stage dosing had a significant effect in sulfide flotation and the best recovery was obtained when the collector was added in 4 stages. The acidity had a positive effect on sulfide floatability and the best result was obtained at pH 3.5-4. Investigation about collector concentration showed that increasing the SIPX concentration enhanced the sulfur removal but this factor was not effective for PAX.

Effects of Sodium Iso-butyl Xanthate Dosage on The Froth Flotation of Bead Milled Middle Group 1-3 PGM Ore Blend

An investigation was carried out to determine the effects of collector concentration on the grade and recovery in the flotation of middle group 1-3 Platinum Group Metal (PGM) ore mixture. The ore mixture pulp at a relative density of 1.29 was subjected to “bead milling” test, particle size distribution analysis and the 55% passing 75 µm was froth floated at 180, 200 and 220 g/t dosages of sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX) and 30 and 80 g/t of Senfroth and Sendep 30D frother and depressant, respectively. The results obtained indicated the predominance of the <38 µm PGM values in the ore and confirmed the need for tertiary milling for better liberation of the PGMs. The grade of the PGM concentrate obtained when dosing at 200 g/t of sodium isobutyl xanthate was highest at 94 g/t and gave the lowest recovery of 53%. The 180 g/t SIBX dosage resulted in highest PGM recovery of 70% and lowest grade of 84 g/t, while dosing at 220 g/t SIBX gave average PGM grades of 90 g/t and recoveries of 60%. The results obtained thus showed that that an SIBX dosage of 180 g/t SIBX would be appropriate when higher recoveries are targeted, while 200 g/t dosage will yield higher grades