Commercial meat cuts hardness of dual-purpose cattle from Cundinamarca (Colombia) high tropics zone

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del biotipo, la edad al sacrificio, la condición sexual y el sistema de alimentación sobre la dureza de cuatro cortes comerciales: Lomo (Longissimus dorsi), Bota (Biceps femoris), Muchacho (Semitendinosus) y Paletero (Infraspinatus), provenientes de 50 bovinos pertenecientes a sistemas de doble propósito del trópico alto en el departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Para la obtención de los valores en este atributo se emplearon los métodos de medición instrumental de fuerza de corte con cuchilla de Warner-Bratzler y la evaluación sensorial, cuya correlación fue del 71%. Esto permitió la elaboración de una escala de dureza en la cual los cortes Lomo y Paletero se ubicaron en la categoría de “suave” (blando) y se comportaron estadísticamente igual en ambos métodos de medición, mientras que los cortes Bota y Muchacho se ubicaron en la categoría de “medio” y tuvieron diferencias estadísticas de acuerdo con la percepción dada por el panel sensorial. Así mismo, los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias significativas entre los cortes, destacando al Paletero por su menor valor de dureza y comportamiento similar al Lomo. Efectos significativos sobre la dureza de la carne fueron encontrados para todos los factores a excepción de la edad, lo cual muestra la influencia que tienen estos y su manejo en finca sobre la calidad de la carne.

Download Full-text

Genetic correlations between type and test-day milk yield in small dual-purpose cattle populations: The Aosta Red Pied breed as a case study

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2016-11116 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 99 (10) ◽

pp. 8127-8136 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Serena Mazza ◽

Nadia Guzzo ◽

Cristina Sartori ◽

Roberto Mantovani

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle

Download Full-text

Comportamento mecânico e estrutural de diferentes cortes cárneos em teste de determinação da força de cisalhamento

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.1590/1981-6723.7615 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Arantes-Pereira ◽

Flávia Carolina Vargas ◽

Paulo José do Amaral Sobral

Keyword(s):

Biceps Femoris ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Psoas Major ◽

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Resumo Neste trabalho, foram avaliados os comportamentos mecânico e estrutural de diferentes cortes cárneos em testes de determinação da força de cisalhamento, com o objetivo de identificar possíveis diferenças que podem interferir negativamente na mensuração da maciez objetiva. Seis cortes cárneos: Contrafilé (Longissimus dorsi), Maminha (Tensor fasciae latae), Lagarto (Semitendinosus), Filé-mignon (Psoas major) e Picanha (Biceps femoris) bovinos, e Lombo suíno (Longissimus dorsi) foram analisados de acordo com o método Warner-Bratzler, usando um texturômetro equipado com lâmina de 1 mm de espessura. As superfícies cisalhadas foram analisadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e as curvas mecânicas geradas durante os testes foram estudadas. Diferentes comportamentos foram observados nas curvas mecânicas e na microestrutura dos cortes cárneos em estudo. Alguns cortes apresentaram picos máximos bem definidos, enquanto outros apresentaram curvas mais abertas com maior distribuição da força durante os testes. Os cortes também apresentaram diferenças quanto à altura dos picos, que variou entre diferentes cortes e até em um mesmo corte. Nas microestruturas, foram observados diferentes comportamentos como: fibras deformadas por tracionamento, fibras aglomeradas devido a forte compressão e irregularidades na espessura e formato de fibras. Assim, concluiu-se que o teste de determinação da força de cisalhamento utilizado envolve outros princípios, como compressão e elongação, dependendo do corte cárneo estudado.

Download Full-text

Genetic relationship between type traits, number of lactations initiated, and lifetime milk performance in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/60/2017-cjas ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 501-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Novotný ◽

J. Frelich ◽

J. Beran ◽

L. Zavadilová

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Milk Production ◽

Genetic Relationship ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Lifetime Performance ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Type Traits ◽

Milk Performance

Genetic relationship was analyzed between type traits and longevity measures in dual-purpose cattle. Data from 91 486 Czech Fleckvieh cows first calved between 2003 and 2009 were used. Longevity was defined as the actual number of lactations initiated per cow and also as functional longevity, which incorporated an adjustment to account for variation in voluntary culling based upon milk production. Lifetime performance was defined as cumulative milk production through the 6<sup>th</sup> parity. All cows were scored for conformation traits during their first lactation. Genetic correlations between these traits and longevity measures were estimated by bivariate analysis using the DMU variance component program package. Type trait heritabilities ranged from 0.30 to 0.59, while heritabilities for longevity and functional longevity were 0.06 and 0.05, respectively. Heritability of lifetime performance was 0.08. Genetic correlations between type traits and longevity measures ranged from low to intermediate values. Genetic correlations of the measured body size traits to the real and functional longevity ranged from –0.06 to –0.29, for udder traits from –0.02 to 0.33, and for foot and leg traits from –0.03 to 0.17. Genetic correlations between the measured body size traits and lifetime performance ranged from –0.03 to –0.30, for udder traits from 0.05 to 0.47, for foot and leg traits from –0.07 to 0.15. Genetic correlations of composite trait scores for frame, muscularity, feet and legs, and udder with longevity traits ranged from –0.20 to 0.41 and for lifetime performance –0.14 to 0.51. The highest genetic correlations between a type trait and functional longevity were for composite udder score (0.25), feet and legs (0.26), and udder depth (0.33), suggesting that these traits could serve as indicators of functional longevity. We conclude that selection based upon easily and inexpensively measured type traits could improve functional longevity of cows as well as lifetime milk production.

Download Full-text

Colostrum composition and immunoglobulin G content in dairy and dual-purpose cattle breeds

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa237 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Evelyne C Kessler ◽

Rupert M Bruckmaier ◽

Josef J Gross

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Immunoglobulin G ◽

Passive Immunization ◽

Mature Milk ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Cattle Breeds ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Essential Components ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

And Performance

Abstract Immunoglobulins (Ig) are essential components in the colostrum of bovine species that enable passive immunization of newborn calves. Concentrations of fat and protein are greater in colostrum compared with mature milk and represent a vital source of energy and nutrients. Colostral IgG was shown to vary between individual dairy cows, but comparative data on different breeds and performance levels are scarce. The objective of the present field study was to investigate the contents of total IgG, fat, protein, and lactose in colostrum in different Swiss and German dairy and dual-purpose breeds. We collected colostrum samples of 458 cows of 13 different breeds (dairy breeds: Brown Swiss, Swiss and German Holstein Friesian, and New Zealand Holstein; dual-purpose breeds: German Fleckvieh, Holstein Friesian × Montbéliarde, Montbéliarde, Murnau-Werdenfels, Original Braunvieh, Pinzgauer, Rhetic Gray, and Simmental; and beef-type crossbred: Charolais × Holstein Friesian). Colostrum samples were obtained between 5 and 900 min after calving and analyzed for total IgG, fat protein, and lactose contents. Immunoglobulin G concentrations varied between 12.7 and 204.0 mg/mL. No effect of breeding purpose (i.e., dairy or dual-purpose) nor of previous lactation yield on IgG content was observed. However, milking of cows for the first time later than 12 h after parturition resulted in lower colostrum IgG concentrations compared with colostrum harvest within 9 h after calving (P < 0.05). Multiparous cows had a higher colostral IgG concentration than primiparous cows (P < 0.0001). Overall, concentrations of IgG and other constituents in colostrum varied widely in the different cattle breeds. High-yielding dairy cows did not have poorer colostrum quality compared with lower-yielding animals or beef and dual-purpose breeds, which suggests an individually different transfer of circulating IgG into colostrum.

Download Full-text

The Breeding of Dual Purpose Cattle

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production ◽

10.1017/s0369852100000154 ◽

1944 ◽

Vol 1944 (01) ◽

pp. 15-27

Author(s):

W. S. Mansfield

Keyword(s):

Major Part ◽

Dairy Herd ◽

Farm Income ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Small Minority ◽

Dairy Farmer ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

The Subject ◽

Definition Of

Though this paper is on the subject of Dual Purpose Cattle it is in no sense a defence of them, not because I am not a devout believer in them myself, but because I am certain that before a learned body such as this they need no defence. Still less is it necessary for me to prove to you that such cattle really exist, though even this has been questioned. But though I do not think it necessary to defend them, I should like first of all to say something about their place in the general economy of our English farming. (I say English advisedly, for there have never been many dual purpose cattle in Scotland, perhaps because the conditions are not suitable.) It is a fact often overlooked that only a small proportion of our milk producing farmers are dairy farmers in the true sense of the term. A dairy farmer is surely one who draws the major part of his farm income, if not the whole of it, from his dairy herd. In other words, he is a specialist. If this definition of a dairy farmer is accepted then I submit that dairy farmers form a small minority of those farmers who keep milch cattle, and by all means let them keep pure dairy breeds.

Download Full-text

Effect of muscle anatomical location on fatty acid composition of beaver (Castor fiber) females

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/176/2018-cjfs ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

Violeta Razmaite ◽

Vidmantas Pileckas ◽

Violeta Juškiene

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Biceps Femoris ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Castor Fiber ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Anatomical Location ◽

Longissimus Muscle ◽

Triceps Brachii ◽

Thrombogenic Index

Ten beaver (Castor fiber) females were used in the experiment. The samples were excised from a different anatomical location of each beaver carcass used in the study: m. longissimus dorsi (LD), m. triceps brachii (shoulder), m. biceps femoris (thigh). Thigh muscles were characterized by the highest percentage of free fat followed by longissimus muscle and shoulder. The total proportions of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA), including many individual fatty acids, were affected by the muscle anatomical location. The fattiest thigh had the most favourable and highest PUFA/SFA, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (h/H) and lowest n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios, and the lowest thrombogenic index. Despite the fact that the leanest m. triceps brachii had the highest proportions of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, the n-6/n-3PUFA ratio was the lowest compared with the muscles from other anatomical locations and showed lower atherogenic index compared with a more fatty longissimus muscle.

Download Full-text