scholarly journals Nihilism and the Roots of Crisis in American Democracy: A Diagnosis of Cornel West

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Julian Jeliński
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cornel West

Cornel West’s diagnosis of the crisis of the American democracy is the subject matter of this article. Analyzing the condition of the American democracy of the end of XX and the beginning of XXI centuries, C. West focused on the individual, existential character of the crisis. The diagnosed state had according to him much affect not only on political issues, but first and foremost on the spread of nihilism among American citizens. Nihilism – is understood in the C. West as senselessness of life and low self-esteem is the subject matter of this article.

Differential Effects of Competence and Morality on Self-Esteem at the Individual and the Collective Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
Wiktor Soral ◽  
Mirosław Kofta
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The importance of various trait dimensions explaining positive global self-esteem has been the subject of numerous studies. While some have provided support for the importance of agency, others have highlighted the importance of communion. This discrepancy can be explained, if one takes into account that people define and value their self both in individual and in collective terms. Two studies ( N = 367 and N = 263) examined the extent to which competence (an aspect of agency), morality, and sociability (the aspects of communion) promote high self-esteem at the individual and the collective level. In both studies, competence was the strongest predictor of self-esteem at the individual level, whereas morality was the strongest predictor of self-esteem at the collective level.

Between Guess Work and Certainty in Psychiatry

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-949
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Fundamental Distinction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rational Inquiry

"The safeguards contained in the scientific method are repugnant to some who devote themselves to psychotherapy, and their argument against it always harks back to the uniqueness of the individual." The author points out that this is an obscurantist argument and it does not follow that because an individual is a unique reality, he cannot be compared with anyone else. On this basis there would be no science of zoology as every individual animal is also a unique reality, but this has not been an obstacle to comparison and collective study in this science. The argument is reminiscent of claims prevalent during the controversies about evolution when the opponents asserted that man was an improper subject for comparitive study because of his fundamental distinction from all other creatures. Only insofar as the common denominators between individuals can be ascertained may the subject matter of psychiatry become the object of scientific and rational inquiry and without this it could not be taught. We would be in the position of having to accept the pronouncements of supposedly singularly gifted individuals on faith, and continuity in the field would presumably depend entirely upon apprenticeship.

Unicums, Fragments, and Other Hebrew Book Rarities

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-153
Author(s):  
Marvin Heller
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Rare Books ◽  
The Individual

The subject matter of this article is unique or rare editions of early Hebrew books. Due to varying external circumstances, these rare books are extant only in fragments, unique single exemplars, or in a limited number of copies. Although Hebrew texts were subject to the same ravages of time and, perhaps, occasional indifference as were other early books, they also suffered to a much greater extent than their non-Hebrew counterparts from the indignities and deeds, or more accurately misdeeds, of anti-Semites who expended their wrath not only on Jews but also directed their venom towards Jewish books. The article is not about the causes of book rarity per se, but rather describes a variety of Hebrew works, either of the individual title, or, in some instances, of a particular edition of a reprinted work that is extant today in a single or a limited number of copies.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Providing Individualised Computer-generated Feedback to Students

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Michael Lambiris
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Constructive Feedback ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

The traditional way of providing feedback to students after tests or assignments is labour-intensive. This paper explains the concepts and techniques used by the author to build computer-based applications that analyse students’ answers and generate individualised, detailed and constructive feedback. The paper explains how the data gathered from a student’s answers can be combined with other knowledge about the subject matter being taught, and the specific test questions, to create computerised routines that evaluate the individual student’s performance. This information can be presented in ways that help students to assess their progress, both in relation to their acquired knowledge in specified areas of study, and with regard to their ability to exercise relevant skills. In this way, appropriate feedback can be provided to large numbers of students quickly and efficiently. The same techniques can be used to provide information to the instructor about the performance of the group as a whole, with a degree of detail and accuracy that exceeds the impressions usually gained through traditional marking. The paper also explains the role of the subject instructor in designing and creating feedback-generating applications. The methodologies described provide insight into the details of the process and are a useful basis for further experimentation and development.

scholarly journals Prasa w rękach kobiet – działalność pierwszych polskich redaktorek. Rekonesans badawczy

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-140
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Głos ◽  
◽  
Kinga Matuszko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this article is to characterize the press activities of women in the nineteenth century. Although active women's participation in work was rare at the time, several figures can be identified that struggled with firmly rooted stereotypes regarding their gender and gradually tried to enter the publishing field. These include Wanda Malecka and Julia Goczałkowska, whose activities and, to some extent, their work, were discussed. Thanks to this view on the emerging position of women in the journalistic world, it can be seen that women not only dealt with writing journalistic texts, but also took the position of editors of contemporary periodicals. In addition, the subject matter is also very easy to define – ladies are definitely a union of speaking on political issues, and they turn to commenting on the sphere related to customs, fashion or literature.

scholarly journals Polskie, czyli jakie? Kino polskie w oczach odbiorcy brytyjskiego (na wybranych przykładach z lat 2008-2018)

Panoptikum ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 118-136
Author(s):  
Barbara Giza
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

The article aims to show how contemporary Polish cinema has been received in “Sight&Sound” magazine post 2004, after Poland joined the EU. The author attempts to answer the following questions: has the British audience changed their perception of Polish cinema? Have the traits associated with the Polish Film School – the horrible experience of war, love of freedom, Polish romanticism focused on the individual, the truth (of the social kind, and free from constraining patterns), distinctive form, allusiveness and attachment to national symbols – been transformed in any way, and whether this has been reflected in articles published in “Sight&Sound”. The conclusion seems clear: there is little difference in how British audiences perceive contemporary Polish cinema, as they still heavily associate it with the subject matter and the directors of the Polish Film School (Wajda, Kawalerowicz).

scholarly journals Una revisión historiográfica sobre el culto a la domus imperatoria: siglos XX y XXI = A historiographical review of the cult of domus imperatoria during the 20th and 21st centuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Carmen Alarcón Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Roman Religion ◽  
Imperial Cult ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emperor Worship

Resumen: El trabajo presenta una revisión historiográfica del culto a los emperadores romanos y su domus en las publicaciones más destacadas de los siglos XX y XXI principalmente. Se aborda un análisis que comienza con el examen de las aportaciones más importantes sobre la materia, de la centuria pasada, que pueden enmarcarse en el paradigma positivista, y finaliza con la influencia de las concepciones postmodernas en el estudio de la adoración a los emperadores. Así, se pretende mostrar de qué modo la interpretación del culto imperial está ligada tanto a la adscripción a determinadas escuelas historiográficas, como a las posturas individuales de cada historiador, marcadas por sus propias convicciones religiosas.Palabras clave: culto imperial, domus imperatoria, historiografía, paradigma interpretativo, religión romana.Abstract: This document presents a historiographical review of the most relevant publications in the 20th and 21st centuries in the cult to the Roman emperors and their domus. The study begins with an examination of the most important contributions on the subject matter that can be framed in the positivist paradigm and ends by exploring the influence of postmodern conceptions in the studies on emperor worship. The paper thereby aims to explain how the interpretation of the imperial cult is linked to both the affiliation with certain historiographical schools and to the individual positions of historians, marked by their own religious convictions.Key words: imperial cult, domus imperatoria, historiography, interpretative paradigm, Roman religion.

scholarly journals Philosophy and religion in the works of P. A. Florensky

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Alexander Usachev
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
Modern Thought ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cognitive Attitudes

The object of this research is the philosophical works of the Russian religious thinker P. A. Florensky. The subject is the extensive concept of religious philosophy, which brings certain clarity to the question of separation of the unity of philosophy and religion that takes place in modern thought. Throughout centuries, the philosophy has been defined in relation to religion. Only in the Renaissance Era, scholars and philosophers came to the conclusion that these two sciences can exist separately and pursue their initial goals. Theology should be proving the existence of God and comprehensibility of God for human mind and, most importantly, for faith. The theme of philosophy is human and existence. The main conclusions of lies in the statement that philosophy and religion do not contradict each other, neither on the subject matter nor in the fundamental cognitive attitudes that develop the ideas of human in their being. In the early XX century, the following situation has formed in Russia: if the philosophy does not acknowledge the existence of God, it no longer is considered a full-fledged science and should cease to exist. Only the materialistic trend in philosophy denied the existence of God. It has been overcome by such thinkers as N. Berdyaev, S. Frank, P. Struve, S. Bulgakov, and other. The aggravation of this issue at the turn of centuries resulted in the fact that the scholars have found  the religious topic particularly painful and fatal for the individual.

scholarly journals METATHEATRICAL TENDENCIES IN HAROLD PINTER’S THE LOVER

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Harold Pinter ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dramatic Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Perspective

The term metatheater is coined by Lionel Abel in 1963 which refers to theater about theater. It draws attention to the distinction between the fiction of the play and the reality of performance. A play refers to itself as a play to encourage the audience to perceive it in two ways; as a pretended reality and as dramatic artifice. Metatheater also appears in both comedy and tragedy, where the audience can laugh and empathize at the same time. The paradoxical perspective of fake and real promoting audience instability and this is the role of metatheater. It is an artistic way to examine the interaction between illusion and reality. There is a need to represent reality through artificiality to provide an insight to see the truth of human mind and to illuminate the individual perspective. Within this study metatheater considered as a tendency rather than a technique. It examines the conflict between illusion and reality in Harold Pinter’s The Lover and focuses on play within the play device. It shows that illusion and reality is the bases of both the subject matter and the dramatic technique of the plays of Harold Pinter who is a revolutionary British playwright. It shows how the play employs the standard Pinter’s technique of mixing illusion and reality, presenting a comedy in modern absurd way. Metatheatrical tendencies in The Lover traces how people lost simplicity and spontaneity of communication and unable express their real beings.

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