scholarly journals FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM M.) FLOURS AND THEIR EXTRUDED PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita KRUMINA-ZEMTURE ◽  
Ilze BEITANE
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Extruded Products ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Ratio

Lipids compose a small part of buckwheat seed, but they play an important role in the quality of food. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and content of fatty acids in different buckwheat flours (raw, roasted, white, black and germinated) and their extruded products. Fatty acids were quantified by gas chromatography according to the BIOR-T-012-131-2011 method. The prevalence of unsaturated fatty acids was determined which varied between 78.7 and 82.0 g 100 g-1 of fat in buckwheat samples. Linoleic and oleic acids were the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids, whereas palmitic acid was the main saturated fatty acid in buckwheat flours and their extruded products. Unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was determined within 3.69 and 4.56, whereas linoleic/α-linolenic acid ratio was between 13.54 and 16.04. No trans-fatty acids in buckwheat flours and their extruded products were observed. The results showed that germination and extrusion of buckwheat flours did not have any effect on the content and composition of fatty acids (p>0.05).

Sire and dam breed effects on fatty acid profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous fat of beef cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 913 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Graham ◽  
E. Bernaud ◽  
M. P. B. Deland
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Ratio

This study investigated the effect of sire and dam breed on the fatty acid profiles of muscle and subcutaneous fat in beef cattle. Seven hundred and ninety-three steer and 222 female progeny derived from mating Angus and Hereford cows to Angus, Hereford, Limousin and Simmental bulls, were slaughtered at around 2 years of age (about 540 kg liveweight). The mean fat content of the longissimus dorsi muscle ranged from 4.6% for the Limousin-sired cattle to 6.0% for the Angus-sired cattle. Breed differences occurred in the majority of fatty acids from the intramuscular fat, but fewer differences were observed from the subcutaneous fat. The Limousin- and Simmental-sired progeny had less (P<0.001) saturated fat and more (P<0.001) unsaturated intramuscular fat compared with the Angus- and Hereford-sired cattle. The Angus and Simmental cattle had more (P<0.001) monounsaturates than the Limousin and Hereford cattle. There were differences (P<0.001) in the level of intramuscular polyunsaturates between all 4 sire-breeds, the Limousin having the highest and Angus the lowest. Simmental progeny had significantly higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, compared with the Hereford-sired progeny, as well as a higher monousaturated : saturated fatty acid ratio. Hereford-sired progeny had a lower (P<0.001) monousaturated : saturated fatty acid ratio in the intramuscular fat. Intramuscular fatty acids were affected by dam breed, with progeny of Hereford cows having a higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.015), lower saturated fatty acids (P = 0.011), and a higher monousaturated : saturated fatty acid ratio (P = 0.028) than those of Angus cows. There was no effect of dam breed on the totals of the different fatty acid groups in the subcutaneous fat. The subcutaneous fat had higher levels of saturated fatty acids and lower levels of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with the intramuscular fat. Although the differences reported were generally small, it would seem that there may be scope to utilise these genetic differences to produce meat with more desirable fatty acid characteristics.

scholarly journals Stomata and Xylem Vessels Traits Improved by Melatonin Application Contribute to Enhancing Salt Tolerance and Fatty Acid Composition of Brassica napus L. Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽  
Nesma Shalby ◽  
Ali M. A. El-Badri ◽  
Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽  
Mohammad Nauman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Growth And Yield

Salinity stress is a limiting factor for the growth and yield quality of rapeseed. The potentiality of melatonin (MT; 0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) application as a seed priming agent in mediating K+/Na+ homeostasis and preventing the salinity stress mediated oxidative damage and photosynthetic inhibition was studied in two rapeseed cultivars. We found that 50 µM MT treatment imparted a very prominent impact on growth, metabolism of antioxidants, photosynthesis, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, yield, and fatty acids composition. Days required for appearance of first flower and 50% flowering were decreased by MT application. Exogenous MT treatment effectively decreased the oxidative damage by significantly declining the generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide under saline and non-saline conditions, as reflected in lowered lipid peroxidation, heightened membrane stability, and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase). Furthermore, MT application enhanced the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, relative water content, K+/Na+ homeostasis, soluble sugars, and proline content. Moreover, MT application obviously improved the oil quality of rapeseed cultivars by reducing glucosinolates, saturated fatty acids (palmitic and arachidic acids), and enhancing unsaturated fatty acids (linolenic and oleic acids except erucic acid were reduced). Yield related-traits such as silique traits, seed yield per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, and yield biomass traits were enhanced by MT application. The anatomical analysis of leaf and stem showed that stomatal and xylem vessels traits are associated with sodium chloride tolerance, yield, and seed fatty acid composition. These results suggest the supportive role of MT on the quality and quantity of rapeseed oil yield.

scholarly journals SPELT PASTA ENRICHED WITH ω-3 FATTY ACIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Filipović ◽  
Vladimir Filipović ◽  
Milenko Košutić
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
New Product ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Technological Quality

In this paper the quality of spelt pasta with the addition of ω-3 fatty acid, which is positively contributing to thefunctional and technological changes of the product is investigated.ω-3 fatty acids are added in the quantity of 0%,0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% based on farina. Concerning pasta quality addition of ω-3 fatty acids is related to increasedcooking time and cooking loss, as well as reduced pasta stickiness. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry wasused for carrying out a quantitative analysis of the liposoluble pasta extract. Pasta with 0.6% ω-3 fatty acids contains0.6048 g /100 fatty acids, which positively contributes to ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratio in daily meal, thus meeting valuesrecommended by nutritionists. This type of pasta is a new product with good technological quality, improved fattyacids profile and sensory characteristics with consumer acceptability range.

scholarly journals Dietary effects on muscle fatty acid composition of finished heifers

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regiane Gregório da Silva ◽  
Ivanor Nunes do Prado ◽  
Makoto Matsushita ◽  
Nilson Evelázio de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Ratio

The effects of diet on Longissimus muscle fatty acid composition was determined using 24 crossbred heifers of Simmental vs. Nelore and Limousin vs. Nelore. The experimental diets were: 1) corn and yeast (CY); 2) corn, cottonseed meal + meat and bones meal (CMB); 3) cassava hull and yeast (CHY); 4) cassava hull, cottonseed meal + meat and bones meal (CHMB). Feeding CHMB diets resulted in lower lipid and higher cholesterol contents (P<0.05) for both crosses. Most of the identified fatty acids were monounsaturated, and the highest percentage was found to oleic acid (C18:1w9), with values ranging from 32.54 to 46.42%. Among the saturated fatty acids the palmitic acid (C16:0) showed the highest percentage, with its contents ranging between 19.40 and 32.44%. The highest polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was of 0.30, and the lowest was of 0.08. Feeding CY diets resulted in lower cholesterol and higher polyunsaturated fatty acid contents of the Longissimus muscle.

scholarly journals Chemical and fatty acid composition of milk from crossbred cows subjected to feed restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deiyse Alves Silva ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas ◽  
Pedro Felipe Santana ◽  
Luana Alcântara Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Acid Ratio

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in different lactation periods, when receiving different levels of dietary supply in percentage of body weight. Sixty cows were evaluated, with five levels of dietary supply and three lactation periods. The levels of dietary supply had no effect on the production of milk corrected to 3.5% fat (12.25 kg per day). There was also no effect of dietary supply levels, in the different lactation periods, on contents of fat (3.34%), protein (3.41%), lactose (4.60%), total solids (12.0%), defatted dry extract (8.80%), and urinary nitrogen (14.5 mg dL-1), nor on somatic cell count (89.98 mL-1). As the dietary supply level was reduced, the sum of saturated fatty acids in milk was decreased in up to 9.15% and that of monounsaturated fatty acids was increased in up to 25.28%. Feed restriction does not alter the chemical composition of milk, but improves its quality of fat by reducing saturated fatty acid content, increasing the concentration of monounsaturated and desirable fatty acids in up to 54%, and increasing the hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio in up to 168.97%.

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