scholarly journals Sino-Russian Relations within the Framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Khayrulla Umarov ◽  
Kimberly Millier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Shanghai Cooperation Organization ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the relationship between Russia and China within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). Originally created to resolve the border issues among the Central Asian countries, Russia, and China, the organization is now focused on ensuring regional security in Central Asia. In the reapproachment of the SCO member countries, a divergence of interests emerged, primarily between Russia and China. This article presents the views of experts and specialists from Russia, China, and the United States regarding the divergence of interests and the perceived influence of the United States in the region.

scholarly journals Influence of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Termination on the Regional Security of Central Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Svetlana Cebotari ◽  
Selena Stejaru
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Nuclear Forces ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Free Status ◽  
Scenario Approach

In recent years, we have seen an aggravation of relations between the leading nuclear powers. These relations have entered a phase of irreconcilable contradictions and political problems. This paper is devoted to the problem of preserving the nuclear-free status of Central Asian countries. The study of this issue is very relevant in the context of the intensified global geopolitical struggle between Russia, China, the United States, and Iran. The authors used the method of expert survey and scenario approach to study the stated issues. Based on the data obtained, scenarios for the development of the geopolitical situation in the region under consideration were developed.

scholarly journals Central Asian Countries in the Context of the Afghan Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
E. Ionova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Central Asian Republics

The Taliban’s (terrorist organization banned in Russia) victory in Afghanistan creates new threats and challenges to the countries of Central Asia. At the same time, the attitude of the Central Asian republics to the new government is significantly different. While Tajikistan is not yet ready to establish ties with the Taliban, Uzbekistan, interested in economic projects with Afghanistan, aims to develop good-neighborly relations with the Taliban. In the context of the aggravation of the situation on the southern borders of the CIS, cooperation between Russia and the countries of the region in the field of security is strengthening, which increases its role in Central Asia. Having carried out the withdrawal of its troops from Afghanistan, the United States does not abandon its attempts to gain a foothold in the region, seeking to involve the Central Asian countries in solving their problems. At the same time, proposals are being put forward that may create additional difficulties for the Central Asian republics.

scholarly journals Interdependence of the Interests of the United States, China and Russia in Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-98
Author(s):  
A. V. Toropygin ◽  
A. E. Mendagaziev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
New States ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Independent Existence

Central Asia is the union republics of former Central Asia and Kazakhstan, which became independent countries after the USSR collapse. The formation of new states and regions is associated with both internal challenges and the influence of external extra-regional forces. The purpose of the article is analyzing the interests and influence of the United States, China, and Russia on the Central Asia development, as well as the perception of these forces in the region. Various stages of this influence from the moment of its appearance to the present time are analyzed. The authors concluded that the countries of Central Asia during its independent existence perceived powers in the triangle USA — Russia — China differently, which was a prerequisite for the formation of their multi-vector foreign policy. The balance of interests of Russia’s, the United States’ and China’s presence in the region is vital for the Central Asian countries, it provides an independent foreign policy course and development of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan, contributing to a stable situation in the region.

scholarly journals Competition of world powers in Central Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Anna Sergeevna Iuniushkina ◽  
Tat'yana Ivanovna Pon'ka ◽  
Kristina Alekseevna Shapovalova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries

This article explores the role of Central Asia in modern conditions, which significantly increases in geopolitical and geoeconomic aspect. Attention is given to the general security challenges of Central Asian countries, as this region requires the coordination of efforts of the leading global actors, as well as Central Asian countries themselves. Security issues associated with vulnerability of Central Asian countries to natural disasters and emergency situations that may occur as a result of territorial disputes, ethnic violence, drug trafficking, and terrorism prevention, fight against extremism underline the need for multilateral cooperation aimed at solution of general problems. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, which changed the world political map, the newly formed Central Asian countries gave acquired statehood on the international arena. Namely during this difficult period, the Central Asian countries were forced to choose their own development path. Russia and China, to certain extent, have confirmed their presence in the region by creating the economic and military integration institutions with participation of Central Asian countries. Therefore, the emphasis is placed on the analysis of interaction between China and Russia in the post-Soviet Central Asia, their role in ensuring regional stability and economic growth. The article also examines the importance of studying the role of the United States and the European Union in Central Asia.

Central Asia and regional security

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
B.Zh Somzhurek ◽  
A.M. Yessengaliyeva ◽  
Zh.M. Medeubayeva ◽  
B.K. Makangali
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Security System ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Military Cooperation ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
External Actors

This paper aims to analyze the politico-military cooperation among the Central Asian countries viewed as a key factor in ensuring the regional security. Today, the geopolitical tension in the surrounding regions, the worsening situation in Afghanistan, as well as intraregional socio-economic problems directly affect the security situation in Central Asia. In this regard, the question arises as to how well the Central Asian states are able to meet these challenges. The analysis of the situation in the region in the 1990s and at the beginning of the new century shows that attempts have been made to establish a regional security system based on military cooperation among Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. However, unregulated interstate relations in Central Asia, the lack of political will to cooperate with leaders of neighboring countries and the combination of external and internal threats have contributed to the creation of a regional security system based on the multilateral structures with the involvement of external actors.

scholarly journals About the involvement of the labour migrants from Central Asian countries in terroristic activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Borichev ◽  
Mihail Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Terrorist Organizations ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Terrorist Acts

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of participation of immigrants from the countries of the Central Asian region in terrorist activities both in Russia and in the whole world. In particular, information about the organizers and perpetrators of some terrorist acts committed in recent years in Europe, the United States and Russia was studied. It was made an attempt to analyze the current situation and identify the main reasons that contribute to the involvement of immigrants from Central Asia in terrorist activities. The main factors inherent in terrorists – immigrants from the environment of migrants, which are used by recruiters of international terrorist organizations to involve them in criminal activities, are revealed. The features of migrants residing in the territory of Russia, which contribute to the active involvement of international terrorist organizations of immigrants from the Central Asian region to commit terrorist acts and other crimes of a terrorist nature, are determined. The study revealed the fundamental directions of anti-terrorist activities in Russia in the sphere of countering the terrorist threat emanating from Central Asia. Special attention is paid to the prevention of terrorism among migrant workers, the participation in this activity of representatives of the employer, public and religious organizations, national communities.

scholarly journals Public Culture A United States and Asia Comparison: The Role Emotion Display Migrant Labour of Performance Individual (Evidence from Indonesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 2029-2036
Author(s):  
Erlyna Hidyan Tari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Immigrant Labor ◽  
Migrant Labour ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the relationship between emotional immigrant labor and burnout in the context of individualist versus collectivist culture. Based on immigrant labor samples working in the United States and in east and central Asian countries, the results show that: (1) Migrant labor emotions that pretend are positively related to burnout in individualist culture and collectivism. (2) The othentic Migrant labour emotions are negatively related to burnout of individualist culture and collectivism. (3) Emotional pretensions are positively related to individual performance in the culture of collectivism. (4) There is no difference in the relationship between emotional appearance and performance in individualist culture and collectivism. (5) Working for an individualist culture company is more likely to cause burnout than a culture of collectivism. This finding shows the differences in eastern (Asian) and western (American) cultures, but the view of culture is dynamic.

New European Union strategy for Central Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
S. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Central Asian Countries

For several decades, the European Union has been steadily increasing its presence in Central Asian countries. The EU's interests in the region are due to a number of reasons, including the desire to expand its influence in the Central Asian countries, the high importance of the region as a transit corridor between Europe and China, the prospects for economic cooperation, and the importance of the region's energy potential. In May 2019 The European Union has presented a new Strategy for Central Asia, designed to intensify cooperation in a number of areas of interaction. The new strategy is aimed at both implementing these interests and expanding cooperation in a number of other areas.

KAZAKHSTAN’S POSITION IN THE ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Karlygash MUKHTAROVA ◽  
Yermukhambet KONUSPAYEV ◽  
Klara MAKASHEVA ◽  
Karim SHAKIROV
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Ties

Improving the forms and mechanisms of regional economic integration, deepening the mutual understanding on the formation of an economically and politically secure integrated space, expanding trade and economic relations, elaborating joint actions to maintain regional peace and stability, creating a single information space are among the key areas that have become the basis of cooperation among the Central Asian region (CAR) states. The authors reveal the positive aspects of cooperation among the CAR countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. First and foremost, these include common historical roots, linguistic and cultural similarity, convenient geographical location and established economic ties, which allow the states of Central Asia (CA) to establish a deeper and more active understanding of each other, to solve economic and political problems related to finding and realizing domestic investment potential and expanding regional trade and economic ties. The joint establishment of international transport corridors and infrastructure will help reduce the transport costs for Central Asian countries that supply export products to external markets, which is an important area of ​​cooperation in Central Asia. In addition, the economic problems that exist among the regional countries largely determine the nature of relations between them. Future solution of problems determines the subsequent viability of the Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and the regional development prospects. Based on the use of economic research tools, the authors examine the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the state of trade and economic relations between the regional states. Post-crisis plans for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries will be developed and implemented in the context of the need to solve the present-day problems associated with the gradual lifting of quarantine measures. In this regard, the quickest possible transition of economies to an upward growth trajectory should launch the expansion of trade and economic cooperation and ties among the Central Asian countries. The authors emphasize the fact that another important problem within CAREC is the fact that CAR economies are dominated by raw materials, which does not solve the problems of reducing social inequality and improving the welfare of the regional population. For this reason, Kazakhstan, like other Central Asian countries, is currently in search of a new economic model. The transformation is crucial because the country needs to overcome its excessive long-term dependence on the export of oil and raw materials. The new economic model should be focused on further industrialization and diversification of the economy, on the search for new innovative approaches and development strategies.

scholarly journals EXPORT POSITIONS OF RUSSIA IN CENTRAL ASIA: REALITIES AND PROBLEMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
M. M. Butakova ◽  
O. N. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Market Capacity ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Of Affairs

The article is devoted to researching and assessing the state of affairs, identifying problems and prospects for Russia’s presence in the markets of Central Asian countries. The relevance of the problem is connected with the goals of maintaining the export positions of the Russian Federation in this market and with the goals of increasing the volume of non-resource non-energy exports. The authors investigated the dynamics and structure of world and Russian exports to the countries of Central Asia, highlighted the dominant commodity groups of Russian exports for each importing country. As a result of the study of the territorial aspect and the related specifics of trade and economic relations, it was concluded that a deeper study of export opportunities and prospects of Russian regions bordering on countries-importers of Russian products in Central Asia was made. The article outlines the problems of increasing competition in the markets of Central Asia and the negative impact on the prospects of Russian exports of falling incomes of the population and reducing market capacity due to the pandemic, the need to take a set of measures to maintain Russia’s competitive position in this market. As a result the studies of the problems of the development of Russian exports the authors came to the conclusion that it is mutually beneficial and promising, to increase the supply Russian products to the countries of Central Asia the need to find ways to increase its efficiency, and strengthen state support for non-resource non-energy exports.

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