scholarly journals Az oxidatív stressz szerepe a diabeteses neuropathia kialakulásában

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (49) ◽  
pp. 1939-1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Sztanek ◽  
Ágnes Molnárné Molnár ◽  
Zoltán Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Comparative Trials

Diabetic neuropathy may be one of the most common and severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of microvascular complications of diabetes. The majority of related pathways like polyol and hexosamine, advanced glycation end products, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, and protein kinase-C all originated from initial oxidative stress. In this review, the authors present the current oxidative stress hypothesis in diabetes mellitus and summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy associated with increased oxidative stress. The development of modern medicines to treat diabetic neuropathy needs intensive long-term comparative trials in the future. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(49), 1939–1946.

scholarly journals The Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction during the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Yu Wu ◽  
Giou-Teng Yiang ◽  
Tzu-Ting Lai ◽  
Chia-Jung Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Glycation End Products

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most serious microvascular complications induced by hyperglycemiaviafive major pathways, including polyol, hexosamine, protein kinase C, and angiotensin II pathways and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products. The hyperglycemia-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces local inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction, and cell apoptosis. The accumulation of ROS, local inflammation, and cell death are tightly linked and considerably affect all phases of diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis. Furthermore, microvascular dysfunction induces ischemia and local inflammation, leading to neovascularization, macular edema, and neurodysfunction, ultimately leading to long-term blindness. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and elucidate the detailed mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic retinopathy. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge about the pathogenesis and current strategies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, and we believe this systematization will help and support further research in this area.

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Key Words Hyperglycemia ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

The long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include those attributable to hyperglycemia-mediated small vessel (microvascular)and neuropathic complications and syndromes resulting from multifactorial large vessel disease (macrovascular complications). Diabetic patients with evidence of chronic complications are best managed in consultation with appropriate specialists. The microvascular and neuropathic complications, which are specifically related to hyperglycemia, include retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. This review contains 8 figures, 9 tables, and 83 references. Key Words: Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, macrovascular, microvascular, neuropathic

scholarly journals Monitoring of early and advanced glycation in relation to the occurrence of microvascular complications in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2009 ◽  
pp. 553-561
Author(s):  
J Kostolanská ◽  
V Jakuš ◽  
Ľ Barák
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products

The authors aimed to evaluate if the monitoring of serum advanced glycation end-products (s-AGEs) could help to predict a development of diabetic complications. Clinical and biochemical parameters including fructosamine (FAM), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum AGEs were investigated in children and adolescents with 1 type diabetes with (+DC) and without (–DC) complications. FAM levels (in mmol/l) were significantly elevated in +DC diabetic group compared to –DC one (3.043±0.459 vs. 2.614±0.430; p<0.001) or to controls (3.043±0.459 vs. 1.620±0.340; p<0.001) as well as in –DC compared to controls (2.614±0.430 vs. 1.620±0.340; p<0.001). HbA1c (in %) were significantly elevated in +DC diabetic group compared to –DC one (10.48±1.83 vs. 8.41±1.19; p<<0.001) or to controls (10.48±1.83 vs. 5.0±0.38, p<<0.001) and also in –DC compared to controls (8.41±1.19 vs. 5.0±0.38; p<0.001). Serum AGEs levels (in A. U.) were significantly higher in +DC group than in – DC (73.0±14.09 vs. 65.8±9.05; p<0.05) and in group +DC than in controls (73.0±14.09 vs. 60.17±13.78; p<0.05), whereas there was no difference between –DC and controls. FAM correlated with HbA1c in both diabetic groups (+DC: r=0.374; p<0.05; –DC: r=0.719; p<0.001), but not in controls. Serum AGEs were correlated with HbA1c (r=0.478; p=0.003) in +DC, but not in –DC or controls. Enhanced serum AGEs levels show that they could be not only an attendant phenomenon of microangiopathies, but also a predictor of their development.

scholarly journals Alpha Lipoic Acid Influence in the Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and of Clinical Manifestations of Neuropathy in Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Bondar Andrei Cristian ◽  
Popa Amorin Remus
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Perception Threshold

AbstractAlpha lipoic acid is an antioxidant substance used for the pathogenic treatment of diabetic neuropathy, oxidative stress being a central mechanism in diabetic microvascular complications. Our study included 24 diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic neuropathy and 20 healthy subjects. Diabetes patients were given alpha lipoic acid 600 mg intravenously for 10 days and then per os for 30 days.Significant improvements were observed concerning oxidative stress evaluated by measuring serum malondyaldehide and ceruloplasmin. The clinical characteristic of neuropathy improved, both the level of pain decreased and the vibration perception threshold increased. Our study demonstrated a two times higher level of oxidative stress in patients with diabetes compared to healthy subjects, and that by influencing oxidative stress we could influence the clinical aspects of neuropathy. Further investigations need to be done to explore the pleiotropic effects of alpha lipoic acid on other mechanisms that are implicated in the pathogenies of diabetic neuropathy.

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Key Words Hyperglycemia ◽  
Large Vessel Disease

The long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include those attributable to hyperglycemia-mediated small vessel (microvascular)and neuropathic complications and syndromes resulting from multifactorial large vessel disease (macrovascular complications). Diabetic patients with evidence of chronic complications are best managed in consultation with appropriate specialists. The microvascular and neuropathic complications, which are specifically related to hyperglycemia, include retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. This review contains 8 figures, 9 tables, and 83 references. Key Words: Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, macrovascular, microvascular, neuropathic

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