Effect of n fertilisation on the dynamics of dry matter production and leaf area of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties in different years

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sugár ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Matter Production

The effect of four rates of nitrogen (N) fertilisation (0, 80, 160, 240 kg ha−1) on the growth and yield components of three winter wheat varieties with different maturity dates (Mv Toborzó — extra early, Mv Palotás — early, Mv Verbunkos — mid-early) was analysed in a long-term experiment laid out in a two-factorial split-plot design with four replications in the years 2007–2009. The dry matter production of the whole plant and of individual plant organs, the maximum leaf area, the area of the flag-leaf and all the yield components except the thousand-kernel weight were significantly the greatest in the N160 or the N240 treatments. Averaged over the varieties and years the grain yield in the N treatments was N0: 5.5, N80: 7.1, N160: 7.3 and N240: 7.5 t ha−1. Averaged over N treatments and years the variety Mv Verbunkos had the highest dry matter production, stem mass, spike mass, number of grains per spike and grain yield. Mv Verbunkos had the greatest leaf area in the favourable years of 2008 and 2009 and the greatest flag-leaf area in 2008. Averaged over N treatments and varieties the dry matter production per plant, the leaf and stem mass, the number of spikes per square metre and the thousand-kernel weight were greatest in 2007. The spike mass was lowest in 2007 and had higher, very similar values in 2008 and 2009. The maximum leaf area per plant, the area of the flag-leaf, the number of grains per spike and the grain yield were highest in 2008. The values and dynamics of the growth parameters gave a good characterisation of the effect of the treatments (N fertilisation, variety, year) on plant production (yield, yield components) in various stages of growth.

Growth and yield studies of Lupinus angustifolius and L. albus in Victoria

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Boundy ◽  
TG Reeves ◽  
HD Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Dry Matter Partitioning ◽  
Matter Production

The effect of serial planting on dry matter production, leaf area, grain yield and yield components cf Lupinus angustifoiius (cvv. Uniwhite, Uniharvest and Unicrop) and L. albus (cv. Ultra) was investigated in field plots at Rutherglen in 1973 and 1974. Delayed planting reduced dry matter production of all cultivars, and leaf area for Ultra. Differences in dry matter partitioning were observed between the late flowering Uniharvest, and the early flowering Unicrop and Ultra. In Uniharvest, delayed plantings resulted in a greater proportion of total dry matter being produced during the flowering phase, whereas the reverse was true for Unicrop and Ultra. The later flowering cultivars showed marked grain yield and yield component reduction with later sowing. Yields were reduced by 160.6 kg/ha and 222.5 kg/ha for each week's delay in sowing Uniharvest and Uniwhite, respectively. This effect was offset in the early flowering cultivars by greater development of lateral branches. In addition, when Unicrop and Ultra were planted in April, pod and flower abortion on the main stem resulted from low temperatures at flowering time. Optimum sowing time was early April for Uniwhite and Uniharvest, and early May for Unicrop and Ultra. Excellent vegetative growth under ideal moisture conditions highlighted the poor harvest indices of lupins and the scope for genetic improvement in the genus.

Effects of Time of Sowing and Phosphamidon (Dimecron) on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

1974 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. C. Enyi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Leaf Area Development

SUMMARYApplication of dimecron to cowpea plants increased grain yield, its effect being more pronounced in widely spaced plants and those planted in March. Dimecron increased grain yield by encouraging greater leaf area development, by increasing the number of flowering inflorescences and the number of pods set per inflorescence, and by decreasing the number of shrivelled pods. March planting encouraged greater dry matter production than January and May planting. Dimecron application decreased the number of Ootheca beningseni, reduced the proportion of leaf damaged by these insects, and reduced the number of plants infested with aphids and Acidodis larvae.

Dry matter production, yield and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes as influenced by zinc and iron through ferti-fortification

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai Surya Gowthami V. ◽  
Ananda N.
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Production Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

A field experiment on deep black soils during rabi season of 2014-15 to study the influence of ferti-fortification on dry matter production, yield and yield components viz., number of pods plant-1, pod weight, 100 kernel weight and shelling percentage of groundnut genotypes. Among groundnut genotypes, ICGV-00351 recorded significantly higher pod, kernel and haulm yield (2656, 1934 and 2894 kg ha-1, respectively), dry matter production at harvest (36.54 g plant-1), number of pods plant-1 (33.66), pod weight (31.81 g plant-1), 100 kernel weight (31.59 g) and shelling percentage (72.77 %) as compared to other genotypes. Among micronutrients application, higher dry matter production at harvest (43.60 g plant-1), pod, kernel and haulm yield (2789, 2051 and 3080 kg ha-1, respectively), number of pods plant-1 (34.08), pod weight (32.25 g plant-1), 100 kernel weight (31.61 g) and shelling percentage (73.21 %) recorded with soil (25 kg ha-1) and foliar (0.5 %) application of ZnSO4 (S4) as compared to control.

Relationships between maize yield and growth parameters in a long-term fertilization experiment

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
G. Micskei ◽  
T. Árendás ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Maximum Value

In a long-term maize monoculture experiment set up on the active ingredient equivalence principle, changes in the yield components were investigated over a period of three years (2005–2007) as a function of the fertiliser treatments, and the values of the growth parameters HI, LAI, NAR and CGR were calculated using the classical method of growth analysis.The results indicated that optimum N supplies and the year effect made a substantial contribution both to the grain number per ear and to the thousand-kernel weight. In the course of correlation analysis, both Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the grain yield was in close positive correlation with these yield components, and with the maximum value of dry matter production and the harvest index. The two yield components explained 76% of the grain yield, and the effect of thousand-kernel weight was around 3.75 times as great as that of the grain number per ear (β = 0.721 vs. 0.192). On the basis of partial correlation analysis, the maximum value of total dry matter and the thousand-kernel weight were jointly responsible for around 60% of the variance in maize grain yield. Analysis using the “Enter” method showed that the two yield components explained 62% and 59% of the grain yield in wet years (R22005 = 62.3%; R22006 = 58.8%), while in the dry year neither the thousand-kernel weight nor the grain number per ear had a significant effect on the yield (R22007 = 4.5%).

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
J. M. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
New Cultivars

Genetic yield gains have been difficult to achieve within the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) class because of stringent quality requirements and a short growing-season environment with low precipitation and high temperatures. Understanding the physiological basis of yield gains may provide breeders with better insight in selecting parents and screening tools to identify desirable genotypes. The objective of the present study was to compare four new CWRS wheat cultivars with two older cultivars, Neepawa and Marquis, for yield components and dry matter production. When grown at Swift Current, SK, for 3 yr, the average yield for the group of new cultivars was 34.3% higher than that of Marquis (P < 0.01), and 5.9% higher than that of Neepawa (P = 0.10). The new cultivars, as a group, had significantly increased kernel weight, kernels per spike, yield per spike, and spike-filling rate relative to either of the older cultivars. When cultivars were compared individually, all four of the new cultivars had significantly higher yield per spike and spike-filling rate than Neepawa or Marquis, suggesting that these factors may be closely related to the increased yields of the newer cultivars. The trend toward higher kernel weight and kernels per spike suggests that the new cultivars have increased the sink size of each tiller. The number of spikes per plant and the length of the grain-filling period do not appear to be associated with the increased yield. Harvest index of the group of new cultivars, while significantly higher than that of Marquis, has not increased significantly compared to Neepawa, probably because this group is similar in height to Neepawa. Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat, Canada Western Red Spring, yield, quality

scholarly journals CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF ELITE SPRING WHEAT LINES DEVELOPED FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Dinesh Khanal ◽  
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Krishna Hari Dhakal ◽  
Madhav Prasad Pandey ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Kandel
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Thousand Kernel Weight ◽  
Days To Flowering

A set of fifty bread wheat genotypes that comprised of 49 high temperature tolerant lines from CIMMYT and a local check Gautam were evaluated with an objective to study the character association between yield and yield related components at the research farm of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur during the wheat season 2016/2017 under late sown condition. The experiment was laid out following Alpha Lattice design with two replications. Grain yield has positive and significant correlations with biomass yield, harvest index, thousand kernel weight, plant height, SPAD1 flag leaf area, SPAD1 and number of grain per spike. Negative and significant correlations were observed between grain yield with days to flowering, days to heading and days to booting. Path analysis revealed that biomass weight has maximum positive direct effect on grain yield followed by harvest index, days to booting, days to flowering, SPAD3, root angle of basket condition, number of root, number of grains per spike, and number of tiller per meter square. On the other hand, days to booting, flag leaf area, physiological maturity, SPAD1, SPAD2, root length, days to flag leaf senescence, plant height, ctd2, and thousand kernel weight showed the negative direct effect on grain yield.

scholarly journals Effect of two periods of irrigation on some Traits of inbred lines and Hybrids of Maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Ziyad A. Abed ◽  
Ibrahim I. H. Al-Mashhidani ◽  
Hayam A. Mohammed ◽  
Sabah D. A. ALatabi
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Autumn Season ◽  
The Relationship

A field experiment was conducted in Coll. of Agriculture-Abu-Graib during two autumn seasons 2011 and 2012. This was to study some of growth criteria, genetic-morphological yield components for hybrids and inbred lines of maize, and to determine the relationship between yield and system capacity constant ( SCC) under two periods of irrigation (5 and 10 days), in addition to determine genotypes that have high yielding ability under sufficient and in insufficient water. A factorial arrangement of RCBD with three replicated was used. The result showed that hybrid Zm607xCA17 gave highest mean of dry matter (16.73 t/ha) and the hybrid CA17xCA21 gave highest mean of leaf area (0.44 m2) and number of kernel per ear (380.60 kernel/ear), while the hybrid OH40xZm51 gave highest mean of kernel weight (286.00 mg/kernel) and the hybrid CA21xZm607 gave highest mean of grain yield (5.69 t/ha) under the period of irrigation 5 days. While under period of irrigation 10 days, the hybrid OH40xZm51 gave highest mean of leaf area (0.41 m2) and the hybrid OH40xCA17 gave highest mean of dry matter (15.01 t/ha) and the hybrid CA17xCA21 gave highest mean of number of kernel per ear (373.38 kernel/ear), while the hybrid Zm51xCA17 was superior in kernel weight (276.00 mg/kernel) and the hybrid CA21xZm607 was gave highest mean of grain yield (4.91 t/ha) during autumn season 2011. During autumn season 2012, the hybrid Zm51xCA17 was superior in leaf area (0.46 m2) and the hybrid CA17xCA21 gave highest means of dry matter and grain yield (17.81 t/ha and 6.69 t/ha) respectively, and the hybrid OH40xCA17 gave highest mean of number of kernel per ear (410.66 kernel/ear), while the hybrid Zm51xCA17 was superior in kernel weight (280.00 mg/kernel) under period of irrigation 5 days. While under the period of irrigation 10 days, the hybrid OH40xCA17 was superior in leaf area (0.43 m2) and the hybrid CA17xCA21 gave highest means of dry matter, number of kernel per ear and grain yield (15.35 t/ha, 379.66 kernel/ear and 5.38 t/ha) respectively, while the hybrid Zm51xCA17 gave highest mean of kernel weight (275 mg/kernel). We can conclude that OH40xZm51, OH40xCA17, CA17xCA21, Zm51xCA17 and CA21xZm607 were best hybrids when application of selection program for water stresses tolerance.

An investigation of the grain yield adaptation of advanced CIMMYT wheat lines to water stress environments in Queensland. II. Classification analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Cooper ◽  
DE Byth ◽  
DR Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Wheat Lines

The objective of this study was to use classification methodology to characterize the genotypic variation and line by environment (L x E) interaction for grain yield of a sample of advanced CIMMYT wheat lines and three local check cultivars tested over six Queensland environments. The environments were managed to differ in the magnitude of water stress they imposed on the lines at the critical developmental stage of anthesis. The grouping of lines was based on grain yield. The yield differences among the groups were investigated in terms of yield components and dry matter production and partitioning attributes. Groups of CIMMYT lines which outyielded the two groups which contained the three Queensland cultivars were identified. The yield advantage of the groups of CIMMYT lines decreased with increasing severity of water stress at anthesis and in the environment where the most severe stress was characterized there were no yield differences among the groups of lines. The yield advantage of the groups of CIMMYT lines was generally associated with a higher number of grains per unit area and in some cases a higher grain size. While phenology variation could account for some of the yield differences among the line groups there was considerable yield variation among line groups with similar phenology patterns across the environments. Additional measurements taken on the lines to characterize differences in dry matter production and the partitioning of the dry matter to yield components were not effective in explaining the yield variation among the groups of lines after the effects of phenology were taken into account. While the incidence of the large L x (water-stress) interactions encountered in this study would complicate selection for yield, the identification of groups of advanced CIMMYT lines which outyielded the Queensland cultivars in five of the six environments suggests that the L x (water stress) interactions do not preclude scope for further improvement of grain yield of wheat in Queensland.

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