Effects of Non-uniform Kernel Moisture Content on Moisture Measurement of Corn

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Bíborka Gillay ◽  
David B. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Percent Moisture ◽  
New Crop ◽  
The U.S

The price paid for corn is usually based on 15.0 or 15.5 percent moisture content. However, corn must be dried below 13 percent moisture to ensure safe storage for a year or more. In the U.S., such stored corn cannot be directly remoistened before selling it, but it can be mixed with moist new-crop corn. Accurate moisture measurement of mixtures of dry and moist corn is important to permit adjustment of blending ratios to maximize profitability, but grain moisture meters are less accurate for mixtures of wet and dry grain. This research evaluated the differences between dielectric-type moisture meter results for mixed and equilibrated corn samples at different moisture levels and different measurement frequencies. Equilibrated grain samples tended to give lower moisture results than recently mixed grain samples - especially in the 1 to 10 MHz region. These differences permitted detection of mixtures by using moisture measurements at two frequencies.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a linear static function for grain moisture meter with capacitive sensors

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zabolotnyi ◽  
Vitalii Zabolotnyi ◽  
Nicolay Koshevoy
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Capacitive Sensors ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Scale Error

Moisture content is a grain quality factor, a parameter which changes during the processes of storage and processing and determines consumer properties of different food products. OIML organization in its international recommendation OIML R59 “Moisture Meters for Cereal Grain and Oilseeds” restricts maximal permissible value of moisture meters uncertainty to not more than 3% of relative full scale error. Main task of the research is in receiving linear static function for the grain moisture meter with four capacitive sensors. Method of Least Squares and general linear regression instruments had been used for that purpose. Analyzing the graphs of modified static function for different moist substances it was possible to say that it happened to be far more effective than initial static function and the static function received from a first-order polynomial after the LS method implementation. Root mean estimator was calculated for initial static function, the static function received with the LS method and static function, received after general linear regression implementation as an integral difference between nominal and calculated values of moisture content. Corresponding root mean estimator values were 1.3062%, 1.1616% and 0.4158%, that proves the effectiveness of a static function modified with the general linear regression instruments. Keywords: moisture content measurement; capacitive moisture meter; reference channel; capacitive sensor; linear static function

scholarly journals Study on microwave moisture measurement of grain crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012091
Author(s):  
P I Kalandarov ◽  
Z Mukimov ◽  
Kh Abdullaev ◽  
N Avezov ◽  
O Tursunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Microwave Method ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Cotton Seeds

Abstract This article discusses the possibility of implementing the microwave method for controlling the moisture content of agro-industrial products, which allows it to be used to control technological processes in grain processing industries and to control materials in free space, converting the parameters of waves passed through the material’s wave into an electrical signal. A functional diagram of the developed moisture meter is proposed, on the basis of the method, its electrodynamics’ characteristics are determined. Experimental data was obtained for samples of cotton seeds with specified moisture values. A method for measuring grain moisture in continuous production have been proposed, which gives a possibility to reduce the components of the measurement error caused by the uneven distribution of moisture in the grain, the inhomogeneity of the material in terms of density and temperature.

Design and Development of a Resistive Grain Moisture Meter

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 961-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Temperature Compensation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Switching Circuit ◽  
Compensation Circuit ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
Testing Speed

Moisture measurement of grain is an important aspect of its quality indicators. In this paper, a resistive grain moisture meter device was developed and the measuring principle and adopted scheme were illustrated. The structures and work principles of the resistance-to-frequency switching circuit and the temperature compensation circuit were introduced in detail. Finally, this paper gives a brief introduction to the mechanical grain sample. The resistive grain moisture meter has the advantages of fast testing speed, high precision and low cost, it’s one of the important tools in measuring grain moisture.

scholarly journals Use of moisture meter on the post-harvest loss reduction of rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-516
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
MR Ali ◽  
MM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Moisture Determination ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Moisture Measurement ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Adjustment Procedure ◽  
Moisture Meter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Harvest Loss

Moisture content is one of the most important factors determining grain quality during harvesting, storage, trading, processing, and transportation because high moisture will create problems for farmers, especially during postharvest activities such as mold growth, higher insect infestation, loss in seed germination, and low market price. A study was conducted to find out a precise moisture meter (MM) for moisture content (MC) determination during post-harvest activities of rice. John Deere moisture meter (JD MM), Moisture Probe and RiceterL MM were tested and calibrated to provide accurate result compared to that of Oven dry method. The average MC of same samples was found 11.4, 11.8, 12.3, and 13.1% by Oven dry method, Moisture Probe, RiceterL and John Deere MM, respectively. Standard deviations of the mean are 0.11, 0.17, 0.13 and 0.22, respectively by the corresponding moisture meters. Oven dry method i.e. drying whole kernels for 72 h at 105°C had the smallest standard deviation. This indicated long drying time and adequate drying temperature could ensure the precision of moisture determination. The reading of John Deere, Moisture Probe and RiceterL MM is higher by 1.7, 0.4 and 0.9%, respectively than that of oven dry method. Moisture measurement by these methods can lead to wide variations of conclusion. Moisture measurement by John Deere moisture meter is quicker and easier than Moisture Probe and RiceterL (MM).  However, adjustment procedure with respect to calibration is needed before use.Progressive Agriculture 27 (4): 511-516, 2016

PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE HAMMER MILL 锤片式粉碎机参数优化与试验研究

2020 ◽  
pp. 341-350
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Changbin He ◽  
Haiqing Tian ◽  
Liu Fei ◽  
Zhang Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Corn Grain

Low productivity and high electricity consumption are considered problems of the hammer mill, which is widely used in current feed production. In this paper, the mechanical properties of corn grain ground by a hammer mill were analysed, and the key factors affecting the performance of the hammer mill were determined. The single-factor experiment and three-factor, three-level quadratic regression orthogonal experiment were carried out with the spindle speed, corn grain moisture content and number of hammers as experimental factors and the productivity and electricity consumption per ton as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the order of influence on the productivity was spindle speed > corn grain moisture content > number of hammers and that the order of influence on the electricity consumption per ton was corn grain moisture content > spindle speed > number of hammers. The parameters were optimized based on the response surface method with the following results: the spindle speed was 4306 r/min, the corn grain moisture content was 10%, and the number of hammers was 24. The validation experiment was carried out with the optimal parameters’ combination. The productivity and electricity consumption per ton were 988.12 kg/h and 5.37 kW·h/t, respectively, which were consistent with the predicted results of the model.

Effects of Grain Moisture Content on Mechanical Grain Harvesting Quality of Summer Maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Lu LI ◽  
Jun XUE ◽  
Rui-Zhi XIE ◽  
Ke-Ru WANG ◽  
Bo MING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Grain Moisture

scholarly journals Wheat Grinding Process with Low Moisture Content: A New Approach for Wholemeal Flour Production

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Waleed H. Hassoon ◽  
Dariusz Dziki ◽  
Antoni Miś ◽  
Beata Biernacka
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Mixing Properties ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Flour Production ◽  
And Storage

The objective of this study was to determine the grinding characteristics of wheat with a low moisture content. Two kinds of wheat—soft spelt wheat and hard Khorasan wheat—were dried at 45 °C to reduce the moisture content from 12% to 5% (wet basis). Air drying at 45 °C and storage in a climatic chamber (45 °C, 10% relative humidity) were the methods used for grain dehydration. The grinding process was carried out using a knife mill. After grinding, the particle size distribution, average particle size and grinding energy indices were determined. In addition, the dough mixing properties of wholemeal flour dough were studied using a farinograph. It was observed that decreasing the moisture content in wheat grains from 12% to 5% made the grinding process more effective. As a result, the average particle size of the ground material was decreased. This effect was found in both soft and hard wheat. Importantly, lowering the grain moisture led to about a twofold decrease in the required grinding energy. Moreover, the flour obtained from the dried grains showed higher water absorption and higher dough stability during mixing. However, the method of grain dehydration had little or no effect on the results of the grinding process or dough properties.

Maize grain moisture content correction: From nonstandard to standard system

2021 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Shang Gao ◽  
Bo Ming ◽  
Lu-lu Li ◽  
Rui-zhi Xie ◽  
Ke-ru Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Standard System ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Maize Grain
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