bacteriological analysis
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2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 266-266
Author(s):  
Olga Artemyeva ◽  
Daria A Nikanova ◽  
Evgenia Kolodina ◽  
Varvara Romanova ◽  
Natalia A Zinovieva ◽  
...  

Abstract Within the period from 20.04.2020 to 15.02.2021 the state of 2087 pregnant cows was studied to identify the connection between abortions and the occurrence of mastitis. During the study period 97 cases of clinical mastitis and 149 cases of abortion were identified. Abortions were observed in 42 out of 97 cows with registered clinical mastitis. It was found that cows that had a clinical form of mastitis during the first 45 days of pregnancy (in the embryonic period of development) subsequently had the maximum number of abortions - 27 heads or 64.28% of abortions of cows with mastitis. Among cows that had mastitis in the period of 46–150 days of pregnancy 13 cases of abortion were revealed (30.9% of abortions of cows with mastitis). Among cows that had mastitis during pregnancy for more than 150 days 2 cases of abortion were detected (4.7% of abortions of cows with mastitis). On the basis of bacteriological analysis, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from milk of 15 aborted cows with the diagnosis of clinical mastitis. To identify species the conventional biochemical methods were applied together with the API 20 E, API Staph, API 20 Strep test (bioMerieux SA, France). In total, 18 species of pathogens were identified, including Ps. aeruginosa (n = 5), E. coli (n = 4), S. aureus (n = 1), S. saprophyticus (n = 8). Ps. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus were isolated both from the organs of the reproductive system and from the milk of the cows who had had abortions after suffering from mastitis, whereas no relationship was found between the microflora of the reproductive system and the udder of the cows whose abortions are not associated with mastitis. The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No.20-16-00106


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 87577-87587
Author(s):  
Camila Ananias de Lima ◽  
José Jeyvson Florêncio Queiroz ◽  
Ákylla Fernanda Souza Silva ◽  
Agenor Tavares Jácome Júnior ◽  
Paula Regina Luna de Araújo Jácome ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
D. G. Pochernikov ◽  
N. Т. Postovoytenko ◽  
L. V. Yakovleva ◽  
A. I. Strelnikov ◽  
I. S. Kosterin

Introduction. Currently the chronic prostatitis (NIH type IV) remains insufciently studied and difcult to treat with antibiotics. When making the diferential diagnosis of chronic prostatitis it is generally accepted by the EAU   and Russian guidelines that the detected microorganisms in the prostatic fuid and the ejaculate practically do not difer from each other. The tactics of treating patients with asymptomatic prostatitis by means of antibacterial drugs remains disputable. Most reputable authors believe that this category of patients shall receive treatment in case   of infertility, pregnancy miscarriage or forthcoming surgery on the prostate gland. Recently, EAU guidelines have expressed doubts regarding the identity of the microbiota found in the prostatic secretions and the ejaculate.The study objective. Comparative analysis of the detectability of microorganisms in prostatic secretions and the ejaculate by means of bacteriological analysis among the men with chronic prostatitis of category IV.Materials and methods. The study involved 117 men who went to the urological clinic to pregravid examination or on the occasion of infertility. All patients were diagnosed with prostatitis of category IV based on a standard examination, and then a bacteriological analysis of prostatic secretions and ejaculate was performed. During the research the prostatic fuid and ejaculate were taken simultaneously and the analysis was carried out in one and the same bacteriological laboratory. In case the titer of the detected microorganisms was signifcant, the patients were ofered to undergo treatment without the use of antibiotics but with combination of bovhyaluronidase azoximer with prostate protectors and/or OM-89; after that a control bacteriological study was performed.Results. In the prostatic secretions and in the semen, the most commonly found gram-positive microorganisms were Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp.; the representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae were found less frequently. It was statistically proven that the titer of bacteria in the prostatic secretions was considerably higher than that in the ejaculate (p <0.01). Sterile cultures were statistically-proven to be more frequent in ejaculate compared with prostatic secretions (13.7 % vs 3.4 %, p <0.01). When analyzing the coincidences for bacteria, low concordance was obtained for all identifed microorganisms (gram-positive bacteria varied from 48.3 to 79.5 %, gram-negative bacteria varied from 57.1 to 80.0 %). After the combined therapy, the bacterial mass signifcantly decreased in the prostate secretion from 104.3 ± 1.6  CFU/ml to 103.3 ± 2.0 CFU/ml (p = 0.008), while in the semen the bacterial mass decreased from 103.5 ± 1.8 CFU/ml to 102.6 ± 2.1 CFU/ml (p = 0.02). In the prostatic secretions, there was a statistically-proven decrease in the number of gram-negative bacteria (p = 0.05). As soon as the treatment was completed all the patients demonstrated the normalized number of leukocytes according to microscopy of prostate secretions or spermogram.Conclusion. The ejaculate is a more sterile biomaterial compared with the prostatic fuid, which should be taken into account in the diferential diagnostics of the chronic prostatitis of category IV and MAGI. The use of non-antibacterial treatment regimens, such as bovhyaluronidase azoximer, prostate protectors and OM-89, can reduce the titer of bacteria to insignifcant values both in the prostatic secretions and in the semen; and in some cases make the ejaculate sterile.


Author(s):  
I. N. Sharova ◽  
T. Yu. Krasovskaya ◽  
E. V. Kazorina ◽  
A. V. Kazantsev ◽  
M. V. Proskuryakova ◽  
...  

The review presents the materials on the use of mobile laboratories, developed in the Russian Federation, in the framework of four main areas: monitoring of territories to identify the circulation of pathogens of natural-focal infectious diseases; monitoring of territories during the exacerbation of the epizootic situation; participation in the elimination of outbreaks of infectious diseases; monitoring of territories to control and predict the epidemiological and epizootiologic situation in preparation for mass events. The tactical and technical characteristics and the procedure for organizing the operation of the mobile laboratory for monitoring and diagnostics mounted on the platform of the KamAZ chassis are considered. A distinctive feature of the laboratory from the existing Russian and foreign counterparts is the availability of the necessary conditions for conducting research using bacteriological analysis, rapid and accelerated diagnostic methods, and performing a full cycle of works – from the preparatory stage to the destruction of infected material. Hightech equipment allows the realization of two research schemes: the first – bacteriological analysis alongside the PCR, which ensures high reliability of the results; the second – conducting the PCR at the first stage, and when identifying genetic markers of the pathogen – performing bacteriological analysis of positive samples in order to isolate the culture of the pathogen and identify it subsequently. The second scheme will reduce the volume of bacteriological studies; make changes in the tactics of epizootiological survey. Tests of the mobile laboratory have demonstrated the effectiveness of its use in the epizootiological examination of natural plague foci, including cross-border ones. Owing to the use of a mobile laboratory in the Gorno-Altaisk high-mountain natural focus of plague, a new epizootic site was identified, located in a remote area, used by the population as a summer pasture for grazing domestic animals. The use of mobile laboratories will strengthen the laboratory base of institutions that monitor particularly dangerous, natural-focal and other dangerous infectious diseases; will help to bring the advanced diagnostic technologies directly to the natural focus, reduce the risk of epidemic complications due to plague and other particularly dangerous infections in cross-border natural foci.


2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhwane Saidi ◽  
Nora Mimoune ◽  
Mohamed Hocine Benaissa ◽  
Ratiba Baazizi ◽  
Fatma Zohra Aissaoui ◽  
...  

In Algeria, camel breeding participates in the national milk production. However, this breeding faces significant health problems, including mammary pathologies. This disease is a major public health threat, due to the existence of human pathogens in milk. Several species are associated with this mastitis. Unlike cow’s milk, goat and camel milk are most often consumed in the fresh raw state, thus escaping any official control. The present study aimed to determine the nature and frequency of mastitis, and the nature and frequency of the responsible bacteria in each type of mastitis in southern Algeria. A total of 62 camels were subjected to clinical examination and screening for subclinical mastitis and the presence of Brucella using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and ring test, respectively. CMT positive samples were then further subjected to bacteriological analysis. Clinical and subclinical mastitis were present with frequencies of 4.44% and 95.55%, respectively. Bacteriological analysis isolated a total of 73 samples of 45 seeds. Staphylococci were most commonly isolated, with a frequency of 63.01%. Among these, Staphylococcus aureus were at the top of the list, with 35.61%, while Staphylococcus SCN (coagulase negative staphylococci) represented only 27.39%. Streptococci were the second most isolated group, with 28.77%. Gram-positive bacilli were in third place, accounting for 6.85% of all isolates. Gram- negative bacilli (enterobacteria) were isolated with a frequency of 1.36%. Brucella was present with a frequency of 4.44%. Finally, an extended study on a larger sample of camels is required in the future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽  
Małgorzata A. Janik ◽  
Hanna Klamińska-Cebula ◽  
Bogdan Kolebacz ◽  
Wojciech Ścierski ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Haruka Takei ◽  
Noriko Takeuchi ◽  
Tadashi Hoshino ◽  
Misako Ohkusu ◽  
Shunsuke Segawa ◽  
...  

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