Reduced Graphene Oxide Using an Environmentally Friendly Banana Extracts

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (38-39) ◽  
pp. 2143-2151
Author(s):  
Lattapol Buasuwan ◽  
Vitchayes Niyomnaitham ◽  
Aniwat Tandaechanurat
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Chemical Exfoliation ◽  
Reduced Graphene

ABSTRACTOne of the most promising methods to produce graphene in large scale is the use of chemical exfoliation together with chemical reduction to achieve reduced graphene oxide. Replacing conventional reducing agents, such as NaBH4 and hydrazine, with cheap, widely available, safe, environmentally friendly, and easy-to-prepare reducing agents is a key to large-scale commercial production of reduced graphene oxide. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of utilizing fruit extracts derived from banana peel and juice to reduce graphene oxide. After the reduction, the oxygen-containing functional groups in graphene oxide are effectively removed, and the sp2 hybridized carbon-carbon bonding networks are restored, as evidenced by the characterization using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Our banana extracts would offer a promising pathway for realizing cheap, safe, and environmentally friendly reducing agents for the upscale production of reduced graphene oxide.

scholarly journals A Facile and Green Synthesis of a MoO2-Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Energy Storage Devices

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Serrapede ◽  
Marco Fontana ◽  
Arnaud Gigot ◽  
Marco Armandi ◽  
Glenda Biasotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Reduced Graphene

A simple, low cost, and “green” method of hydrothermal synthesis, based on the addition of l-ascorbic acid (l-AA) as a reducing agent, is presented in order to obtain reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and hybrid rGO-MoO2 aerogels for the fabrication of supercapacitors. The resulting high degree of chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO), confirmed by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, is shown to produce a better electrical double layer (EDL) capacitance, as shown by cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements. Moreover, a good reduction yield of the carbonaceous 3D-scaffold seems to be achievable even when the precursor of molybdenum oxide is added to the pristine slurry in order to get the hybrid rGO-MoO2 compound. The pseudocapacitance contribution from the resulting embedded MoO2 microstructures, was then studied by means of CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The oxidation state of the molybdenum in the MoO2 particles embedded in the rGO aerogel was deeply studied by means of XPS analysis and valuable information on the electrochemical behavior, according to the involved redox reactions, was obtained. Finally, the increased stability of the aerogels prepared with l-AA, after charge-discharge cycling, was demonstrated and confirmed by means of Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) characterization.

PRODUCTION OF STABLE DISPERSIONS OF REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE USING INDOLE AS A REDUCTION AGENT

NANO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350017 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING HUANG ◽  
PANBO LIU ◽  
LEI WANG
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Stable dispersions of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have been prepared by indole as a previously unreported reducing agent without employing any external stabilizing reagents. The obtained RGO can be individually dispersed in ethanol, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and isopropanol. Several analytical techniques including Atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectra, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that a significant fraction of the oxygen-containing functional groups are removed, yields a C/O ratio as high as 7.4. The conductivity of RGO is 21.2 S/m and the thickness of RGO increases to 1.7 nm. Furthermore, this new reducing agent is of low toxicity, which makes the reduction much safer than hydrazine and this method is cost-effective to produce single-layered RGO on a large scale.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Lithium Triethylborohydride

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyuan Xu ◽  
Jenny Malmström ◽  
Neil Edmonds ◽  
Neil Broderick ◽  
Jadranka Travas-Sejdic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Ft Ir

The chemical reduction of a wet colloidal suspension of graphene oxide is a cost-effective and adaptable method for large scale production of “quasi” graphene for a wide variety of optoelectronic applications. In this study, modified Hummers’ procedure was used to synthesize high quality graphene oxide at 50°C. This modified protocol thus eliminates the potentially hazardous second high-temperature step in Hummers’ method for the production of GO. Furthermore, the reduction of graphene oxide by lithium triethylborohydride is demonstrated for the first time. According to FT-IR, UV-Vis, TGA, Raman, SEM/EDS, and AFM results, the reduced graphene oxide (LiEt3BH-RGO) has properties comparable to other reduced graphene oxide products reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Production of Reduced Graphene Oxide Platelets from Graphite Flakes Using the Fenton Reaction as an Alternative to Harmful Oxidizing Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jean A. V. Piñas ◽  
Tatiana S. Andrade ◽  
Andreia T. Oliveira ◽  
Pedro E. A. Salomão ◽  
Mariandry Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
Fenton Chemistry ◽  
Oxidizing Agents ◽  
Reduced Graphene

The conventional chemical methods to produce graphene using strong oxidizing agents produce toxic gases during synthesis; therefore, these methods do not meet the principles of green chemistry. In this work, an alternative top-down method for the synthesis of a few layers of graphene sheets has been produced by a Fenton reaction- (a mixture of Fe2+/H2O2) assisted exfoliation process in water using graphite flakes as a starting material. Based on X-ray diffraction data and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy measurements, it is proposed that the oxidation of graphite by Fenton chemistry facilitates the exfoliation of graphene sheets under mild sonication. Subsequent chemical reduction with ascorbic acid produced a few layers of reduced graphene oxide. Compared to Hummers’ method, the Fenton reagent has similar exfoliation efficiency, but due to the Fenton reagent’s preference to react with the edges of graphite, the chemical reduction can lead to the formation of less defective reduced graphene oxides. Moreover, since Fe and H2O2 are cheap and environmentally innocuous, their use in large-scale graphene production is environmentally friendlier than conventional methods that use toxic oxidizing agents.

scholarly journals Boron from net charge acceptor to donor and its effect on hydrogen uptake by novel Mg-B-electrochemically synthesized reduced graphene oxide

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marla V. V. Satya Aditya ◽  
Srikanta Panda ◽  
Sankara Sarma V. Tatiparti
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Uptake ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Net Charge ◽  
Reduced Graphene

AbstractHydrogen uptake (H-uptake) is studied in ball milled Mg-B-electrochemically synthesized reduced graphene oxide (erGO) nanocomposites at PH2 ≈ 15 bar, ~ 320 °C. B/C (weight ratio): 0, ~ 0.09, ~ 0.36, ~ 0.90 are synthesized maintaining erGO≈10wt %. B occupies octahedral interstices within Mg unit cell—revealed by electron density maps. Persistent charge donations from Mg and B to C appear as Mg-C (~ 283.2 eV), B-C (~ 283.3–283.9 eV) interactions in C-1s core X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at all B/C. At B/C > 0.09, charge reception by B from Mg yields Mg-B interaction. This net charge acceptor role of B renders it electron-rich and does not alter Mg unit cell size significantly. Despite charge donation to both C and B, the Mg charge is <  + 2, resulting in long incubation times (> 5 h) at B/C > 0.09. At B/C≈0.09 the minimal Mg-B interaction renders B a charge donor, resulting in Mg-B repulsion and Mg unit cell expansion. Mg-C peak shift to lower binding energies (C-1s XPS), decreases incubation time to ~ 2.25 h and enhances H-uptake kinetics. Various atomic interactions influence the reduction of incubation time in H-uptake and increase its kinetics in the order: (Mg → C; B → C)B/C≈0.09, B: donor > (Mg → C)B/C=0 > (ternary Mg → B → C)B/C>0.09, B: acceptor.

Green and facile preparation of graphene/resveratrol/polyaniline composites for high-performance supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 3581-3588
Author(s):  
Zhaokun Wang ◽  
Licong Jiang ◽  
Hongwei Pan ◽  
Yongyin Cui ◽  
Chengzhong Zong
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Facile Preparation ◽  
Polyaniline Composites

A novel and environmentally-friendly resveratrol (RA) was used as an effective reagent for the preparation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO).

Chemically reduced graphene oxide-coated knitted fabric imparted conductivity and outstanding hydrophobicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752199547
Author(s):  
Min Hou ◽  
Xinghua Hong ◽  
Yanjun Tang ◽  
Zimin Jin ◽  
Chengyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Modified Hummers Method

Functionalized knitted fabric, as a kind of flexible, wearable, and waterproof material capable of conductivity, sensitivity and outstanding hydrophobicity, is valuable for multi-field applications. Herein, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-coated knitted fabric (polyester/spandex blended) is prepared, which involves the use of graphite oxide (GO) by modified Hummers method and in-situ chemical reduction with hydrazine hydrate. The treated fabric exhibits a high electrical conductivity (202.09 S/cm) and an outstanding hydrophobicity (140°). The outstanding hydrophobicity is associated with the morphology of the fabric and fiber with reference to pseudo-infiltration. These properties can withstand repeated bending and washing without serious deterioration, maintaining good electrical conductivity (35.70 S/cm) and contact angle (119.39°) after eight standard washing cycles. The material, which has RGO architecture and continuous loop mesh structure, can find wide use in smart garment applications.

Continuous flow photolytic reduction of graphene oxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (76) ◽  
pp. 11438-11441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaar M. D. Alharbi ◽  
Amira R. M. Alghamdi ◽  
Kasturi Vimalanathan ◽  
Colin L. Raston
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Fluidic Device

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is generated from GO dispersed in water under continuous flow in the absence of harsh reducing agents, in a vortex fluidic device, such that the processing is scalable with uniformity of the product.

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