Oxidative stress-related effects on various aspects of endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic and relatively common disease in women of childbearing age. Complications of this disease include a wide range of disorders. The cause of this disease is not known for sure, but several hypotheses have been proposed for it. In this disease, the entry of endometrial tissues into the peritoneal cavity causes oxidative stress through the Fenton reaction and inflammation in this site. Oxidative stress can be associated with many complications of endometriosis. In this review, an attempt has been made to discuss the effects of oxidative stress on various complications of this disease.

Mn doped Prussian blue nanoparticles for T1/T2 MR imaging, PA imaging and Fenton reaction enhanced mild temperature photothermal therapy of tumor

Background Combining the multimodal imaging and synergistic treatment in one platform can enhance the therapeutic efficacy and diagnosis accuracy. Results In this contribution, innovative Mn-doped Prussian blue nanoparticles (MnPB NPs) were prepared via microemulsion method. MnPB NPs demonstrated excellent T1 and T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement in vitro and in vivo. The robust absorbance in the near infrared range of MnPB NPs provides high antitumor efficacy for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustics imaging property. Moreover, with the doping of Mn, MnPB NPs exhibited excellent Fenton reaction activity for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). The favorable trimodal imaging and Fenton reaction enhanced mild temperature photothermal therapy in vitro and in vivo were further confirmed that MnPB NPs have significant positive effectiveness for integration of diagnosis and treatment tumor. Conclusions Overall, this Mn doped Prussian blue nanoplatform with multimodal imaging and chemodynamic/mild temperature photothermal co-therapy provides a reliable tool for tumor treatment. Graphical Abstract

The Principle of Detailed Balancing, the Iron-Catalyzed Disproportionation of Hydrogen Peroxide, and the Fenton Reaction

The iron-catalyzed disproportionation of H2O2 has been investigated for over a century, as has been its ability to induce the oxidation of other species present in the system (Fenton reaction)....

Double-edge sword roles of iron in driving energy production versus instigating ferroptosis

Iron is vital for many physiological functions, including energy production, and dysregulated iron homeostasis underlies a number of pathologies. Ferroptosis is a recently recognized form of regulated cell death that is characterized by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation, and this process has been reported to be involved in multiple diseases. The mechanisms underlying ferroptosis are complex, and involve both well-described pathways (including the iron-induced Fenton reaction, impaired antioxidant capacity, and mitochondrial dysfunction) and novel interactions linked to cellular energy production. In this review, we examine the contribution of iron to diverse metabolic activities and their relationship to ferroptosis. There is an emphasis on the role of iron in driving energy production and its link to ferroptosis under both physiological and pathological conditions. In conclusion, excess reactive oxygen species production driven by disordered iron metabolism, which induces Fenton reaction and/or impairs mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, is a key inducer of ferroptosis.