Redesign of Carbon Materials for Novel Storage, Mechanical and Optical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 1451 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Stefano Leoni ◽  
Igor A. Baburin ◽  
S. E. Boulfelfel ◽  
D. Selli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties

ABSTRACTWe revisit the polymorphism of carbon along two directions. First, we discover novel polymorphs in the vicinity of graphite, with outstanding optical and mechanical properties. Using numerical methods and graph-theoretical tools, we find as many as 4 novel superhard and transparent polymorphs, with great technological potential. Second, scaling up a model of rod packing to carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffoldings, we discover that such complex assemblies of CNTs are outstanding adsorbers of hydrogen, capable of reaching the DOE target (~6.0 wt% at ambient conditions). Along this line, we highlight novel paradigms for revisiting carbon, in view of remarkable qualities and superior properties.

Experimental evaluation of biological effects of 532 nm wave laser in continuous contact mode under exposure on tissues with various optical and mechanical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
E. K. Tikhomirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Careful Selection ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Coagulation Zone ◽  
532 Nm ◽  
Selection Of

The study presents the results of the experimental action of laser radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm in continuous contact mode on biological tissues with different optical properties. The width of the ablation and coagulation zone, the degree of vaporization of various types of tissues were evaluated. Good coagulation properties of the laser are established when exposed to pigmented tissues. However, the pronounced color dependence characteristic of a given wavelength requires careful selection of the biological objects that are suitable for optical properties. Objectives: An experimental evaluation of the effects of a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm in a continuous contact mode on tissues with different optical and mechanical properties. Materials and methods. We carried out an experimental study of the effects of a laser with a wavelength of 532 nm in a continuous contact mode on biological tissues with different optical and mechanical properties. The crater width and side coagulation zone were measured using an operating microscope and a glass slide with a scale value of 0.1 mm. The tissue samples were weighed before and after the application of a point impact. The increase in laser power contributes to an increase in the width of the incision and the coagulation zone. A more pronounced adhesion of the tissue to the fiber end was noted when exposed to the liver tissue of cattle, which causes smaller values of the ablation zone width in comparison with the muscle tissue of the chicken and is reflected in high values of the error of the mean values. The greatest weight loss with a 2 seconds point impact at a power of 5 W was determined on the muscle tissue of the chicken. Conclusions. Good coagulation properties of the laser have been established when exposed to pigmented tissues, however, the pronounced color dependence characteristic of a given wavelength requires careful selection of the biological objects suitable for optical properties.

scholarly journals Controlled Patterning of Carbon Nanotube Energy Levels by Covalent DNA Functionalization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Sergei Bachilo ◽  
R. Bruce Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Structural Form ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Covalent Bonds

Each structural form of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) has remarkable and well-defined electronic and optical properties, but it has not been possible to achieve spatial or energetic 10 modulation of those properties in controllable ways. We present here a simple method for using chemical reactions with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to accomplish such modulation. When aqueous suspensions of SWCNTs coated with ssDNA are exposed to singlet oxygen under ambient conditions, the nanotubes selectively form covalent bonds to the guanine nucleotides. This locally modulates semiconducting SWCNT energy levels and red-shifts their emission 15 wavelengths by up to 10%. Both the magnitude and spatial pattern of these shifts can be controlled by selecting the nucleotide sequence used to coat the nanotubes. Biomedical and opto-electronic applications are foreseen.

Enhancement of optical and mechanical properties of Si nanopillars by ALD TiO2 coating

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (99) ◽  
pp. 97070-97076 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pavlenko ◽  
E. L. Coy ◽  
M. Jancelewicz ◽  
K. Załęski ◽  
V. Smyntyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Tio2 Coating ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties

The mechanical and optical properties of Si and TiO2–Si nanopillars (NPl) were investigated.

scholarly journals Controlled Patterning of Carbon Nanotube Energy Levels by Covalent DNA Functionalization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Sergei Bachilo ◽  
R. Bruce Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Structural Form ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Covalent Bonds

Each structural form of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) has remarkable and well-defined electronic and optical properties, but it has not been possible to achieve spatial or energetic 10 modulation of those properties in controllable ways. We present here a simple method for using chemical reactions with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to accomplish such modulation. When aqueous suspensions of SWCNTs coated with ssDNA are exposed to singlet oxygen under ambient conditions, the nanotubes selectively form covalent bonds to the guanine nucleotides. This locally modulates semiconducting SWCNT energy levels and red-shifts their emission 15 wavelengths by up to 10%. Both the magnitude and spatial pattern of these shifts can be controlled by selecting the nucleotide sequence used to coat the nanotubes. Biomedical and opto-electronic applications are foreseen.

Graphene Oxide and Its Derivatives: Their Synthesis and Use in Organic Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Peng ◽  
Xianyun Xu ◽  
Fujiang Huang ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Liangxian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Bond Forming Reactions ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Double Bond

Since Geim and co-workers reported their groundbreaking experiments on graphene, research on graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives has greatly influenced the field of modern physics, chemistry, device fabrication, material science, and nanotechnology. The unique structure and fascinating properties of these carbon materials can be ascribed to their eminent chemical, electronic, electrochemical, optical, and mechanical properties of GO and its derivatives, particularly compared to other carbon allotropes. The present Review aims to provide an overview on the recent developments in the preparation of GO and its derivatives and their applications in organic reactions. We will first outline the synthesis of GO and its derivatives. Then, we will discuss the major sections about their application as stoichiometric and catalytic oxidants in organic reactions, a particular emphasis on the carbon-carbon, carbon-oxygen, and carbon-nitrogen single bond-forming reactions, as well as carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen double bond-forming reactions. Simultaneously, this Review also describes briefly transition metal supported on GO or its derivatives as a catalyst for organic reaction. Lastly, we will present an outlook of potential areas where GO and its derivatives may be expected to find utility or opportunity for further growth and study.

scholarly journals DFT Study of Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Kaolinite, Muscovite, and Montmorillonite

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 618
Author(s):  
Layla Shafei ◽  
Puja Adhikari ◽  
Wai-Yim Ching
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Bond Order ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Pharmaceutical Applications ◽  
Structure Properties

Clay mineral materials have attracted attention due to their many properties and applications. The applications of clay minerals are closely linked to their structure and composition. In this paper, we studied the electronic structure properties of kaolinite, muscovite, and montmorillonite crystals, which are classified as clay minerals, by using DFT-based ab initio packages VASP and the OLCAO. The aim of this work is to have a deep understanding of clay mineral materials, including electronic structure, bond strength, mechanical properties, and optical properties. It is worth mentioning that understanding these properties may help continually result in new and innovative clay products in several applications, such as in pharmaceutical applications using kaolinite for their potential in cancer treatment, muscovite used as insulators in electrical appliances, and engineering applications that use montmorillonite as a sealant. In addition, our results show that the role played by hydrogen bonds in O-H bonds has an impact on the hydration in these crystals. Based on calculated total bond order density, it is concluded that kaolinite is slightly more cohesive than montmorillonite, which is consistent with the calculated mechanical properties.

Intriguing electronic, optical and mechanical properties of the vertical and lateral heterostructures on the boron phosphide and GaN monolayers

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 7451-7463
Author(s):  
Yusheng Wang ◽  
Xiaowei Wu ◽  
Nahong Song ◽  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Yafeng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Phosphide ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties
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