The D-Band Exchange Splitting for Thin Gadolinium Overlayers

1989 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lagraffe ◽  
P. A. Dowben ◽  
M. Onellion
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Lower Bound ◽  
Exchange Splitting ◽  
Monolayer Films ◽  
Final State ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTThin (0–6 monolayer) films of gadolinium on Cu(100) have been investigated using synchrotron radiation photoemission. From the definite selection of final state symmetries in photoemission, we have been able to determine a lower bound to the exchange splitting of the gadolinium 5d band. The gadolinium films on Cu(100) exhibit an exchange splitting that changes from approximately 1.1 eV to 0.6 eV as the overlayer thickness increases. The results for thicker films agree with the accepted values for the 5d exchange splitting of bulk gadolinium.

scholarly journals The Superiority of Quantum Strategy in 3-Player Prisoner’s Dilemma

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Dong ◽  
Ai-Guo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Quantum Game ◽  
Final State ◽  
The Game Theory ◽  
Initial States ◽  
Quantum Strategy ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, we extend the quantum game theory of Prisoner’s Dilemma to the N-player case. The final state of quantum game theory of N-player Prisoner’s Dilemma is derived, which can be used to investigate the payoff of each player. As demonstration, two cases (2-player and 3-player) are studied to illustrate the superiority of quantum strategy in the game theory. Specifically, the non-unique entanglement parameter is found to maximize the total payoff, which oscillates periodically. Finally, the optimal strategic set is proved to depend on the selection of initial states.

Synchrotron-radiation photoemission study of Ba on W(110)

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 4149-4155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun-Wen Pi ◽  
Ie-Hong Hong ◽  
Chiu-Ping Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Photoemission Study ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission

Summary Abstract: The Si(111)/Mo interface as studied with synchrotron radiation photoemission and Auger electron spectroscopies

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rossi ◽  
I. Abbati ◽  
L. Braicovich ◽  
I. Lindau ◽  
W. E. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission
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