scholarly journals Interfacial Engineering for Optimized Adhesion in Polymeric Composite Materials

1999 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence T. Drzal
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Interfacial Engineering ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Toughness ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACTFiber-matrix adhesion is a variable to be optimized so that optimum composite mechanical properties can be achieved in polymer matrix composites. The contemporary view of adhesion rests on an “interphase” model in which not only the actual chemical and physical interactions between fiber and matrix are considered but also the structure and properties of both the fiber and the matrix in the region near the interface. The optimum design methodology starts with the specification of the fiber and matrix from a structural consideration. Once the constituents are selected, the focus is on the creation of a beneficial fiber-matrix “interphase”. This region where the fiber and matrix interact has to be designed for both “processing” and “performance”. Although no quantitative algorithm is available for interphase optimization, various thermodynamic principles coupled with experimental data can be used to qualitatively design the optimum interphase. Examples will be presented to illustrate how this interface can be engineered with surface treatments and sizings or coatings to insure thorough wetting, protection of the fiber, chemical bonding between fiber and matrix, toughness and desirable failure modes.

Failure Problems In Composites

1991 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick J. Mcgarry
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Equipment Failures ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Compliant Layer ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Transportation Applications

AbstractFiber reinforced polymer matrix composites have become very useful in chemical processing systems, in transportation applications such as automobiles, aircraft and boats, in electrical hardware and in sports equipment. Failures in these rarely involve gross cohesive fracture; usually leaks develop, the stiffness decreases, local delamination occurs, the dielectric properties degrade or the strength declines. Almost all of these failures can be traced to local cracking, either at the fiber matrix interface or within the matrix itself. The cracks are generated by mechanical loads, by thermal excursions or by fluid absorption, because the relevant properties of the fiber and the matrix often differ by orders of magnitude. Current technology attempts to avoid the cracks by maximizing the fiber-matrix adhesion and great progress has been made in this area. An alternative interposes a thin compliant layer, rubber, between the two constituents thereby reducing the stress concentrations which exist because of their greatly different properties. Cracking is inhibited, composite strength is increased and its energy absorption also rises; if the rubber layer is thin (a few thousand Angstroms) no loss of stiffness or heat resistance is evident.

scholarly journals Rocess Design of Fiber Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Hualun
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Magnesium Matrix Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
And Performance

This paper chooses magnesium as the matrix of composite materials, selects carbon fi ber as reinforcement, anddesigns the composite scheme according to the structure and performance of Mg-based composites. The performancecharacteristics and application prospect of fiber-reinforced magnesium matrix composites are introduced. Wait. Inthis paper, the process of preparing carbon fi ber magnesium matrix composites by compression casting method andspray deposition method is designed. The process fl ow chart of these two design schemes is determined by analyzingthe principle of these two kinds of preparation methods, and the specifi c problems of the process are analyzed andsummarized.

scholarly journals Investigation of creep and fatigue in high temperature polymer matrix composites using a micromechanical approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sayyidmousavi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Failure Criterion ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Strain Evolution ◽  
Micromechanical Approach

Polymer matrix composites (PMC’s) are widely used in critical aerospace structures due to their numerous advantageous mechanical properties. Recently, PMC’s have been considered for high temperature applications where viscoelasticity arising from the time dependent nature of the polymer matrix becomes an important consideration. This inherent viscoelasticity can significantly influence deformation, strength and failure response of these materials under different loading modes and environmental factors. With a potentially large number of plies of different fiber directions and perhaps material properties, determining a fatigue failure criterion of any degree of generality through experiments only, may seem to be an unrealistic task. This difficult situation may be mitigated through the development of suitable theoretical micro or macro mechanical models that are founded on considering the fatigue failure of the constituting laminas. The micro‐approach provides a detailed examination of the individual failure modes in each of the constituent materials i.e. fiber, matrix. In this work, a micromechanical approach is used to study the role of viscoelasticity on the fatigue behavior of polymer matrix composites. In particular, the study examines the interaction of fatigue and creep in polymer matrix composites. The matrix phase is modeled as a vicoelastic material using Schapery’s single integral constitutive equation. Taking viscoelsticity into account allows the study of creep strain evolution during the fatigue loading. The fatigue failure criterion is expressed in terms of the fatigue failure functions of the constituent materials. The micromechanical model is also used to calculate these fatigue failure functions from the knowledge of the S‐N diagrams of the composite material in longitudinal, transverse and shear loadings thus eliminating the need for any further experimentation. Unlike the previous works, the present study can distinguish between the strain evolution due to fatigue and creep. The results can clearly show the contribution made by the effect of viscoelasticity to the total strain evolution during the fatigue life of the specimen. Although the effect of viscoelsticity is found to increase with temperature, its contribution to strain development during fatigue is compromised by the shorter life of the specimen when compared to lower temperatures.

Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Hayes ◽  
Luther M. Gammon
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites discusses the tools and techniques used to examine the microstructure of engineered composites and provides insights that can help improve the quality and performance of parts made from them. It begins with a review of fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites and their unique microstructure and morphology. It then explains how to prepare and mount test samples, how to assess lighting, illumination, and contrast needs, and how to use reagents to bring out different phases and areas of interest. It also presents the results of several studies that have been conducted using optical microscopy to gain a better understanding of processing effects, toughening approaches, defects and damage mechanisms, and structural variations. The book includes more than 180 full-color images along with clear and concise explanations of what they reveal about composite materials and processing methods. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-1-61503-044-6, follow this link.

Embedded optical nanosensors for monitoring the processing and performance of polymer matrix composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (46) ◽  
pp. 14471-14492
Author(s):  
David B. Lioi ◽  
Vikas Varshney ◽  
Sarah Izor ◽  
Gregory Neher ◽  
W. Joshua Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Responsive Materials ◽  
Material State ◽  
Optical Nanosensors ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Structural Polymer

We provide a broad review of optically responsive materials with potential for in situ monitoring of material state properties in structural polymer-based materials with nanoscale spatial resolution.

scholarly journals FRCM composites mesh anchorage – a way to increase strengthening effectiveness

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 02044
Author(s):  
Filip Grzymski ◽  
Dorota Marcinczak ◽  
Tomasz Trapko ◽  
Michał Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Composite Failure ◽  
Structural Reinforcement ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix

FRCM (Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix) composites are the next stage of development of composite structural reinforcement after FRP (Fibre Reinforced Polymers) composites. The main element that distinguishes the newer FRCM system is the matrix of the composite – mineral matrix instead of epoxy resin. Changes in the structure of the composite, resulting from the change of the matrix, have a big impact on its work mechanisms. This paper discusses FRCM composites and shows its effectiveness in reinforced concrete elements strengthening. The basic information on FRCM mesh fibres material differences and composite failure modes are given. Current trends and directions of composite structural strengthening and the latest research in the area of increasing FRCM composite strengthening effectiveness, that are being conducted by the authors, are presented.

Mechanical Analysis of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymers under Transverse Compression and Tension

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chang Qu ◽  
Xiao Zhou Xia ◽  
Hong Yuan Li ◽  
Zhi Qiang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Interface Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Transverse Compression ◽  
Cohesive Elements ◽  
The Matrix

The mechanical behavior of polymer–matrix composites uniaxially reinforced with carbon or glass fibers subjected to compression/tension perpendicular to the fibers was studied using computational micromechanics. This is carried out using the finite element simulation of a representative volume element of the microstructure idealized as a random dispersion of parallel fibers embedded in the polymeric matrix. Two different interface strength values were chosen to explore the limiting cases of composites with strong or weak interfaces, and the actual failure mechanisms (plastic deformation of the matrix and interface decohesion) are included in the simulations through the corresponding constitutive models. Composites with either perfect or weak fiber/matrix interfaces (the latter introduced through cohesive elements) were studied to assess the influence of interface strength on the composite behavior. It was found that the composite properties under transverse compression/tension were mainly controlled by interface strength and the matrix yield strength in uniaxial compression/tension.

Determination of Vibrational Characteristics of Coir, Banana and Aloe Vera Fibres Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Matrix Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (No 1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
S. Vimal Anand ◽  
G. Venkatachalam ◽  
Tushar D. Nikam ◽  
Omkar V. Jog ◽  
Ravi T. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vibrational Characteristics

In the last few years, green composites are becoming more suitable for applications over synthetic composite. There has been a growing interest in recent years in the utilisation of natural fibres in making low-cost building material. However, these natural fibre-based composites are not fully environmentally friendly because the matrix resins are non-biodegradable. In this paper, an attempt is made to fabricate green composites with coir, banana, and aloe vera fibres as reinforcement and hybrid polymer as matrix. The hybrid polymer is prepared from natural and synthetic resins. This work intends to find the vibrational characteristics of these composites. The influence of three parameters, i.e. CNSL in hybrid polymer, fibre volume, and fibre discontinuities on vibrational characteristics are considered. This work is carried out using FEA and the FEA results are validated by experimental results.

Mechanical Behavior of Microwave Processed Polymer Matrix Composites: the Effect Of The Temperature Increase Rate

1996 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Delmotte ◽  
J. Fitoussi ◽  
J. Toftegaard-Hansen ◽  
C. More ◽  
H. Jullien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Homogenous Distribution ◽  
Increase Rate ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Matrix Flow ◽  
Experimental Pressure

AbstractMicrowave processed glass reinforced epoxies or glass reinforced polyesters exhibit mechanical behaviors different from conventionally cured materials, relatively to tensile tests. The faster increases of temperature due to microwaves cause a competition between the matrix flow and the crosslinking reaction which can be estimated by porosity variations. Higher mechanical moduih are also obtained, because of both an effect on chemical kinetics and a more homogenous distribution of temperature in materials. Nevertheless, to provide such specific mechanical behaviors in microwave processed composite materials, a best control of the experimental pressure parameters is requested.

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