Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Hayes ◽  
Luther M. Gammon
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Optical Microscopy of Fiber-Reinforced Composites discusses the tools and techniques used to examine the microstructure of engineered composites and provides insights that can help improve the quality and performance of parts made from them. It begins with a review of fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites and their unique microstructure and morphology. It then explains how to prepare and mount test samples, how to assess lighting, illumination, and contrast needs, and how to use reagents to bring out different phases and areas of interest. It also presents the results of several studies that have been conducted using optical microscopy to gain a better understanding of processing effects, toughening approaches, defects and damage mechanisms, and structural variations. The book includes more than 180 full-color images along with clear and concise explanations of what they reveal about composite materials and processing methods. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-1-61503-044-6, follow this link.

A Review on Mechanical and Acoustic Emission Behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 1148 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Vemu Vara Prasad ◽  
Tanna Eswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Now a day’s eco-friendly natural fiber used as the reinforcement for the fabrication of the light weight, lower cost and biodegradable polymer matrix composites. One of such available natural reinforcement for the composite material is basalt fiber. The present paper gives a review on how the basalt fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite behave when they are adhesively, riveted and hybrid joined with other reinforcements such as aluminum, which is used for the particular or other applications and which joint gives better efficiency , suited for given application were discussed and the three joining techniques were investigated. Behavior of basalt fiber reinforced composites for the frequencies at which frequencies the failures like adhesive failure, light fiber tear, and mixed failure modes will occur. These three types of failure modes are investigated with the help of acoustic emission monitoring system.

scholarly journals A Rheological Study of Fibre Reinforced Composites and The Factors That Affect Rheological Behaviour During Impregnation Process: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Nurul Zuhairah Mahmud Zuhudi ◽  
Firdaus Aqil Mohd Fadzil ◽  
Muzafar Zulkifli ◽  
Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya ◽  
Nurhayati Mohd Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Flow Behaviour ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Impregnation Process ◽  
Rheological Study ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Composites

Rheological behaviour is an important factor affecting the flow behaviour of a fluid and many aspects related to this, mainly in the manufacturing process of fiber reinforced composites, either for Newtonian fluids or non-Newtonian fluids. During impregnation process, the viscosity changes with temperatures and their strain rate, has influenced the resin flow behaviour during curing process. In this paper, a review on the rheological studies of fiber reinforced composites for both, synthetic and natural based fibers, respectively, are presented. In addition to that, this review paper highlighting a few research studies conducted in literature on the main factors that affecting the rheological quality and performance of the composites. The aims of this review, mainly to capture the trend ranging from the recent five years back and summarize the various studies via experimental, theoretical or modelling works. Furthermore, also aiming to provide an ideal baseline information in the selection of the methods regarding rheological study to ensure better quality of pre-preg product and fibre reinforced composites can be produced in the author’s future work.

Structural Self-Diagnosis for Damage in Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Composites

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Ngabonziza ◽  
Hale Ergun ◽  
Regina Kuznetsova ◽  
Jackie Li ◽  
Benjamin Liaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Double Cantilever Beam ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Composite structural self-diagnostic (CSSD) technology has been tested to detect the mechanical damages in carbon-fiber reinforced polymer-matrix composites. In order to characterize the self-sensing technique for damage detection, discrete electrodes were mounted on Double-Cantilever-Beam (DCB). Results on mechanical properties with corresponding electrical resistance changes of the CFRC specimens are presented in this paper. The lay-up configuration of the composite specimens is [06/Teflon/06]T. In addition, acoustic emission was also used to corroborate the CSSD results.

scholarly journals Hi-Nicalon fiber-reinforced celsian matrix composites: Influence of interface modification

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narottam P. Bansal ◽  
Jeffrey I. Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Coated Fiber ◽  
Point Bend

Unidirectional celsian matrix composites having 42–45 vol% of uncoated or BN-SiC coated Hi-Nicalon fibers were tested in three-point bend at room temperature. The uncoated fiber-reinforced composites showed catastrophic failure with strength of 210 ± 35 MPa and a flat fracture surface. In contrast, composites reinforced with coated fibers exhibited graceful failure with extensive fiber pullout. Values of first matrix cracking stress and strain were 435 ± 35 MPa and 0.27 ± 0.01%, respectively, with ultimate strength as high as 960 MPa. The elastic Young modulus of the uncoated and coated fiber-reinforced composites were 184 ± 4 GPa and 165 ± 5 GPa, respectively. Fiber push-through tests and microscopic examination indicated no chemical reaction at the uncoated or coated fiber-matrix interface. The low strength of composite with uncoated fibers is due to degradation of the fiber strength from mechanical damage during processing. Because both the coated- and uncoated-fiber-reinforced composites exhibited weak interfaces, the beneficial effect of the BN-SiC dual layer is primarily the protection of fibers from mechanical damage during processing.

Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Advanced Polymer Based Kevlar-49 Composite Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
M. Kaliraj ◽  
P. Narayanasamy ◽  
M. Rajkumar ◽  
M. Mohammed Mohaideen ◽  
I. Neethi Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Set Up

The fatigue behavior of reinforced composites is complex and the present knowledge of fatigue study still needs extensive investigation of the micromechanical composite behavior. In fiber reinforced composites mechanical properties are highly dependent on their compositions, the matrix type as well as the volume fraction of the reinforcement and their arrangements such as random orientation and distribution, which increase the complexity in the study of fatigue damage behavior. There exist several classes of models to predict the fatigue life or the fatigue degradation of fiber reinforced composites but there exists so far no fatigue model that can be applied to a wide range of fiber reinforced composites. Thus, modifications of fatigue models are always needed in accordance with the micromechanical behavior of different fiber/matrix composites. In this paper the fatigue failure is rectified by using polymer based Kevlar composite material. The design and fabrication involves the design of polymer matrix like as fiber and resin, hardener etc. Kevlar-49 is chosen for as fabricating material to carry out this work. The fabrication set up is made by Vacuum Bag and it is demonstrated satisfactorily.

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