Nuclear Reaction Spectroscopy of Vibrational Modes of Solids

1986 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zinke-Allmang ◽  
S. Kalbitzer ◽  
M. Weiser
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Target Atom ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Doppler Broadening ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Specific Process ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

ABSTRACTThe effects of target-atom vibrations on nuclear reaction kinetics have been examined. In particular, Doppler broadening of resonance-type and elastic- scattering reactions has been considered in detail. Depending on the specific process parameters, the resulting energy widths can be many orders of magnitude larger than the energies of the vibrational states of the target solid. Comparison of experimental results on a hydrogen-bearing thin target with the theoretical predictions shows excellent agreement. We will show the importance of this effect in hydrogen profiling measurements and point out the feasibility of vibrational spectroscopy on hydrogen in solids.

scholarly journals Microwave Spectrum and Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction of 3-Bromothiophene in Excited Vibrational States

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1309-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Sasada
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Nuclear Quadrupole Interaction ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Centrifugal Distortion ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Rotational Spectra ◽  
Quadrupole Coupling ◽  
Nuclear Quadrupole ◽  
Centrifugal Distortion Constants

Abstract The rotational spectra of 3-bromothiophene in the excited states of two vibrational modes were observed and the rotational constants, the centrifugal distortion constants, and the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants were determined. The wave numbers of the two vibrational modes were evaluated to be 210 cm-1 and 320 cm-1 by measuring relative intensities of the ground and excited vibrational transitions. Variations in the inertia defect for each of the vibrational modes are compared with the results of the approximate calculation.

scholarly journals Mapping the ultrafast vibrational dynamics of all-trans and 13-Cis retinal isomerization in Anabaena Sensory Rhodopsin

2019 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 10001
Author(s):  
Partha Pratim Roy ◽  
Rei Youshizumi ◽  
Hideki Kandori ◽  
Tiago Buckup
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Frequency Shift ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Sensory Rhodopsin ◽  
Vibrational Dynamics ◽  
State Evolution ◽  
Shift Dynamics

The ground and excited state evolution of fingerprint vibrational modes of all-trans-and 13-cis-retinal are mapped by impulsive vibrational spectroscopy. All-trans-retinal shows slower frequency shift dynamics in the excited state in comparison to 13-cis-retinal.

scholarly journals Damage-free vibrational spectroscopy of biological materials in the electron microscope

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rez ◽  
Toshihiro Aoki ◽  
Katia March ◽  
Dvir Gur ◽  
Ondrej L. Krivanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Native State ◽  
Organic Functional Groups ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectra

Abstract Vibrational spectroscopy in the electron microscope would be transformative in the study of biological samples, provided that radiation damage could be prevented. However, electron beams typically create high-energy excitations that severely accelerate sample degradation. Here this major difficulty is overcome using an ‘aloof’ electron beam, positioned tens of nanometres away from the sample: high-energy excitations are suppressed, while vibrational modes of energies <1 eV can be ‘safely’ investigated. To demonstrate the potential of aloof spectroscopy, we record electron energy loss spectra from biogenic guanine crystals in their native state, resolving their characteristic C–H, N–H and C=O vibrational signatures with no observable radiation damage. The technique opens up the possibility of non-damaging compositional analyses of organic functional groups, including non-crystalline biological materials, at a spatial resolution of ∼10 nm, simultaneously combined with imaging in the electron microscope.

Nd SCATTERING AT INTERMEDIATE ENERGY AND THREE-NUCLEON FORCE EFFECTS

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (02n06) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
HIDEYUKI SAKAI
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Nucleon Force ◽  
Intermediate Energies ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Several examples of recent experimental activities in Japan on the study of three-nucleon-force effects via the Nd elastic scattering at intermediate energies are briefly reviewed. Differences between the data and theoretical predictions are identified.

scholarly journals Scattering of Alpha-particles by a Vibrational Nucleus

1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Tassie
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Born Approximation ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Nuclear Surface ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Phonon Excitation ◽  
Plane Wave Born Approximation ◽  
Good Agreement

The elastic and inelastic scattering of cx-particles by a vibrational nucleus is calculated using plane-wave Born approximation. The excitation of both single-phonon and twophonon states is considered. The effect of the diffuseness of the nuclear surface is included. The result for elastic scattering and the excitation of the single-phonon 2+ and 3- states is in good agreement with experiment for .oNi. The approximations used are discussed, and it is suggested that excitation of 0+, 1-, and 5- states should provide the best experimental test of the theory of two-phonon excitation of nuclei. The energies of the vibrational states are also considered.

Directly monitoring the active sites of charge transfer in heterocycles in situ and in real time

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Ye ◽  
Junjun Tan ◽  
Kangzhen Tian ◽  
Chuanzhao Li ◽  
Jiahui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Sum Frequency Generation ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Sum Frequency

Coherent degenerate infrared-infrared-visible sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy provides a powerful label-free probe for identifying the vibrational modes that are coupled through the electronic states in situ and in real time.

scholarly journals Picosecond Anti-Stokes Raman Excitation Profiles as a Method for Investigating Vibrationally Excited Transients

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Okamoto ◽  
Takakazu Nakabayashi ◽  
Mitsuo Tasumi
Keyword(s):  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Trans Stilbene ◽  
Raman Process ◽  
Vibrationally Hot Molecules ◽  
Raman Excitation Profiles ◽  
Anti Stokes

A method for estimating vibrational quantum numbers of vibrationally excited transients in solution is proposed. In this method, we calculate anti-Stokes Raman excitation profiles (REPs) which are characteristic of the initial vibrational states involved in the Raman process, and compare them with observed anti-Stokes intensities. We have applied this method to vibrationally hot molecules of canthaxanthin in the So state and those of trans-stilbene in the S1 state. For canthaxanthin, it has been found that the vibrationally excited transients are for the most part on the ν=1 level of the C═C stretching mode, and that excess vibrational energy is statistically distributed among all intramolecular vibrational modes. As for S1 stilbene, vibrational transients are shown to be mostly on the ν=1 level for two vibrational modes examined, while the excess vibrational energy is probably localised on the olefinic C═C stretching mode.

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