Optimization of Sample Holder Materials for Sensitive Magnetometry Measurements at Low Temperatures

2004 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bossi ◽  
N.R. Dilley ◽  
J. R. O'Brien ◽  
S. Spagna
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Magnetic Response ◽  
Sample Holder ◽  
Magnetization Measurements ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Paramagnetic Impurities ◽  
Fused Quartz

AbstractMagnetization measurements were performed as a function of magnetic field H and temperature T on samples of nine different materials including clear fused quartz, cartridge brass, G-10 glass-reinforced epoxy, acetal homopolymer, glass-filled acetal, phenolic, and other plastics. A small yet distinct amount of ferromagnetic or paramagnetic impurities is observed in all the materials investigated in this study except quartz. In contrast, the magnetic response of quartz is typical of a diamagnet over the temperature range 5 K to 300 K. The volume susceptibility is equal to −4.4×10−7 (cgs) over the whole temperature range.

Effect of Magnetic Field on the Lock-In Transition in Cupric Oxide

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
T. V. Chandrasekhar Rao ◽  
S. B. Ota ◽  
V. C. Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Squid Magnetometer ◽  
Clapeyron Equation ◽  
Magnetization Measurements ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Lock In ◽  
The Magnetic Field

We present magnetization measurements on polycrystalline CuO over the temperature range 5–300 K using a SQUID magnetometer. The change in sample magnetization at the lock-in transition temperature (212.6 K) as a function of the magnetic field has been found to scale with the field. The results are analyzed in terms of the magnetic analogue of the Clausius–Clapeyron equation.

scholarly journals Magnetoresistance of Bi2Se3 Whiskers at Low Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
N.S. Liakh-Kaguy ◽  
A.A. Druzhinin ◽  
I.P. Ostrovskii ◽  
Yu.N. Khoverko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Superconducting State ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Kondo Effect ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Electron Localization ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Pd Doping ◽  
Resistance Minimum

Temperature dependencies of Bi2Se3 whiskers’ resistance with Pd doping concentration of 1´1019 cm-3 where measured in temperature range 4.2 - 300 K. At temperature 5.3 K a sharp drop in the whisker resistance was found. The observed effect is likely connected with contribution of two processes such as the electron localization in the whiskers and transition in superconducting state at temperature 5.3 K, which is likely result from Pd complexes.Transversemagnetoresistance in n-type Bi2Se3 whiskers with Pd doping concentration in the vicinity to themetal-insulator transition (MIT) from metal side of the transition were studied in magnetic field 0 -10 T. For the whiskers a resistance minimum was observed at temperature about 25 K that is connected with Kondo effect.

TEMPERATURE AND FIELD DEPENDENT MÖSSBAUER STUDY OF CeSn3andCeSn3.1 CRYSTALS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
R. K. SINGHAL ◽  
D. R. SÁNCHEZ ◽  
ELISA SAITOVITCH ◽  
S. K. GAUR ◽  
K. B. GARG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hyperfine Field ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Mössbauer Study ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements have been carried out for CeSn 3 and CeSn 3.1 single crystals in the temperature range 1.5 K to 300 K under applied magnetic field, with an aim to look into the local surroundings of the Sn site and the possibility of magnetization at low temperatures. The spectra indicate a paramagnetic ground state throughout the temperature range with two different doublets associated with two sites S1 and S2. This indicates two crystallographic sites of Sn with the presence of a distortion in the cubic crystal. However, the contribution of S2 site is very small (only 3% for the CeSn 3 but slightly higher, i.e., 4.3% for the CeSn 3.1) at room temperature. Upon cooling (below 4 K), the S2 contribution disappears for the stoichiometric sample ( CeSn 3) but continues to stay for the slightly nonstoichiometric compound ( CeSn 3.1). The isomer shift reveals a Sn 2+ valence state throughout. A weak hyperfine field has been observed only at low temperatures (4.2 and 1.5 K spectra) for both the compounds, but not for the 300 K spectra. This is indicative of some magnetization, i.e., an increase in magnetic moments of Ce atoms, that is felt by the neighbor Sn atoms through RKKY interactions. However, upon cooling the samples from 4.2 K to 1.5 K, no further enhancement in magnetization is observed. The magnetic field was also applied for the CeSn 3 sample at low temperatures to check if there is any enhancement in the magnetic properties that yielded negative results, i.e., the applied field is equal to the hyperfine field, indicating no enhancement of magnetic moment.

MAGNETIC FIELD DEPENDENT RELAXATION TIME IN p-InSb AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1981 ◽  
Vol 42 (C5) ◽  
pp. C5-689-C5-693
Author(s):  
J. D.N. Cheeke ◽  
G. Madore ◽  
A. Hikata
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Field Dependent

Features of radiothermoluminescence of polypropylene and ethylene propylenediene elastomer SKEPT-4044 compositions with nanoscale metal-containing fillers

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
A.M. Magerramov ◽  
◽  
N.I. Kurbanova ◽  
M.N. Bayramov ◽  
N.A. Alimirzoyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Molecular Mobility ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Β Relaxation

Using radiothermoluminescence (RTL), the molecular mobility features in the temperature range of 77-300 K were studied for the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene elastomer SKEPT-4044 with NiO, Cu2O and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) based on ABS-acrylonitrile butadiene or SCS-divinyl styrene matrices. It has been shown that the introduction of nanofillers in PP significantly affects the nature and temperature of γ- and β-relaxation processes, while the region of manifestation of the β-process noticeably shifts to the region of low temperatures. Composites with Cu2O NPs have a higher β-transition temperature Tβ than composites with other NPs. It was found that PP/SKEPT-4044 composites with Cu2O NPs with a dispersion of 11-15 nm and acrylonitrile butadiene thermoplastics have optimal frost resistance compared to other compositions.

Simple Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Rau
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Gibbs State ◽  
Macroscopic System ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
System A ◽  
Paramagnetic Salt ◽  
High And Low Temperatures ◽  
Simple Systems

Even though the general framework of statistical mechanics is ultimately targeted at the description of macroscopic systems, it is illustrative to apply it first to some simple systems: a harmonic oscillator, a rotor, and a spin in a magnetic field. These applications serve to illustrate how a key function associated with the Gibbs state, the so-called partition function, is calculated in practice, how the entropy function is obtained via a Legendre transformation, and how such systems behave in the limits of high and low temperatures. After discussing these simple systems, this chapter considers a first example where multiple constituents are assembled into a macroscopic system: a basic model of a paramagnetic salt. It also investigates the size of energy fluctuations and how—in the case of the paramagnet—these fluctuations scale with the number of constituents.

Dynamic Viscosity of Compressed Water to 10 Kilobar and Steam to 1500°C

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Bruges ◽  
M. R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Gaseous Phase ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Inversion Temperature ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Correlating Equations ◽  
First Time

Equations specifying the dynamic viscosity of compressed water and steam are presented. In the temperature range 0-100cC the location of the inversion locus (mu) is defined for the first time with some precision. The low pressure steam results are re-correlated and a higher inversion temperature is indicated than that previously accepted. From 100 to 600°C values of viscosity are derived up to 3·5 kilobar and between 600 and 1500°C up to 1 kilobar. All the original observations in the gaseous phase have been corrected to a consistent set of densities and deviation plots for all the new correlations are given. Although the equations give values within the tolerances of the International Skeleton Table it is clear that the range and tolerances of the latter could with some advantage be revised to give twice the existing temperature range and over 10 times the existing pressure range at low temperatures. A list of the observations used and their deviations from the correlating equations is available as a separate publication.

scholarly journals Review of Multi-Physics Modeling on the Active Magnetic Regenerative Refrigeration

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Julien Eustache ◽  
Antony Plait ◽  
Frédéric Dubas ◽  
Raynal Glises
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Vapor Compression ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Vapor Compression Refrigeration ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Physics Modeling

Compared to conventional vapor-compression refrigeration systems, magnetic refrigeration is a promising and potential alternative technology. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) is used to produce heat and cold sources through a magnetocaloric material (MCM). The material is submitted to a magnetic field with active magnetic regenerative refrigeration (AMRR) cycles. Initially, this effect was widely used for cryogenic applications to achieve very low temperatures. However, this technology must be improved to replace vapor-compression devices operating around room temperature. Therefore, over the last 30 years, a lot of studies have been done to obtain more efficient devices. Thus, the modeling is a crucial step to perform a preliminary study and optimization. In this paper, after a large introduction on MCE research, a state-of-the-art of multi-physics modeling on the AMRR cycle modeling is made. To end this paper, a suggestion of innovative and advanced modeling solutions to study magnetocaloric regenerator is described.

An Investigation of Close-Electrode Intensification in a dc Arc in a Magnetic Field

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Petrakiev ◽  
R. Milanova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Cathode Region ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Anode Region ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Dc Arc

An investigation of the distribution of the intensity of spectral lines in the gap length of a copper dc arc of 7A, burning both with and without nonhomogenous magnetic field, will be described in this paper. The close-electrode intensification effect of spectral lines has been observed and its variation with the time of preliminary burning and the gap length has been investigated. It has been established that close-electrode intensification appears only with the ionic lines. An increase of the intensity of some spectral lines and certain variations in their distribution have been observed when the arc is burning in a magnetic field. The temperature range has been studied in its relationship to the gap length. The temperature around the cathode region is approximately 6500 K and that around the anode region is about 6000 K. The superposition of an external magnetic field contributes to an increase of the temperature of about 400 K. Some possibilities for the application of these effects in the case of spectral analytical determinations have been suggested.

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