Fallopian tubes and ovarian cancer (Literature review)

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
D.G. Sumtsov ◽  
◽  
M.L. Kusyomenska ◽  
G.A. Sumtsov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Key Words Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Pelvic Peritoneum ◽  
Opportunistic Salpingectomy

In the literature review the authors present an analysis of the current stateproblem of ovarian cancer and ways of its possible solution. According to clinicalobservations and conducted in recent decades by morphological,immunohistochemical and molecular genetic studies it is fairly proved that theprimary cause of serous ovarian cancer is the pathology of the mucous layer offallopian tube. In the fallopian tube as a result of ciculation of inflammation andcarcinogens elements arises dysplasia of the mucosa with the development of thepreinvasive and initial invasive carcinoma with subsequent damage of the ovariesand pelvic peritoneum. Retrospective studies of a significant number of women’shealth status who had a deligation or removal of fallopian tubes in previous years showed a decrease in the disease incidence of serous ovarian cancer from 30 to 90%. The conclusions about the possibility of preventive measures of ovariancancer by opportunistic salpingectomy at post-productive age are made. In many world countries (Canada, China, France, Italy, Austria) the introduction of such a method of prevention has been started. We believe that in Ukraine there is an urgent need and all possibilities to solve this problem. Key words: ovarian cancer, preventive measures, opportunistic salpingectomy.

scholarly journals The Ovary Is an Alternative Site of Origin for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer in Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. 1975-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyeon Kim ◽  
Donna M. Coffey ◽  
Lang Ma ◽  
Martin M. Matzuk
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
P53 Mutation ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Serous Carcinoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Double Knockout ◽  
Triple Mutant

Abstract Although named “ovarian cancer,” it has been unclear whether the cancer actually arises from the ovary, especially for high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), also known as high-grade serous ovarian cancer, the most common and deadliest ovarian cancer. In addition, the tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in HGSC. However, whether mutated p53 can cause HGSC remains unknown. In this study, we bred a p53 mutation, p53R172H, into conditional Dicer-Pten double-knockout (DKO) mice, a mouse model duplicating human HGSC, to generate triple-mutant (TKO) mice. Like DKO mice, these TKO mice develop metastatic HGSCs originating from the fallopian tube. Unlike DKO mice, however, even after fallopian tubes are removed in TKO mice, ovaries alone can develop metastatic HGSCs, indicating that a p53 mutation can drive HGSC arising from the ovary. To confirm this, we generated p53R172H-Pten double-mutant mice, one of the genetic control lines for TKO mice. As anticipated, these double-mutant mice also develop metastatic HGSCs from the ovary, verifying the HGSC-forming ability of ovaries with a p53 mutation. Our study therefore shows that ovaries harboring a p53 mutation, as well as fallopian tubes, can be a distinct tissue source of high-grade serous ovarian cancer in mice.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Fusion Transcripts in High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4791
Author(s):  
Andreea Newtson ◽  
Henry Reyes ◽  
Eric J. Devor ◽  
Michael J. Goodheart ◽  
Jesus Gonzalez Bosquet
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Fusion Transcripts ◽  
Analytical Platforms

Fusion genes are structural chromosomal rearrangements resulting in the exchange of DNA sequences between genes. This results in the formation of a new combined gene. They have been implicated in carcinogenesis in a number of different cancers, though they have been understudied in high grade serous ovarian cancer. This study used high throughput tools to compare the transcriptome of high grade serous ovarian cancer and normal fallopian tubes in the interest of identifying unique fusion transcripts within each group. Indeed, we found that there were significantly more fusion transcripts in the cancer samples relative to the normal fallopian tubes. Following this, the role of fusion transcripts in chemo-response and overall survival was investigated. This led to the identification of fusion transcripts significantly associated with overall survival. Validation was performed with different analytical platforms and different algorithms to find fusion transcripts.

scholarly journals High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Basic Sciences, Clinical and Therapeutic Standpoints

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael-Antony Lisio ◽  
Lili Fu ◽  
Alicia Goyeneche ◽  
Zu-hua Gao ◽  
Carlos Telleria
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer

Among a litany of malignancies affecting the female reproductive tract, that of the ovary is the most frequently fatal. Moreover, while the steady pace of scientific discovery has fuelled recent ameliorations in the outcomes of many other cancers, the rates of mortality for ovarian cancer have been stagnant since around 1980. Yet despite the grim outlook, progress is being made towards better understanding the fundamental biology of this disease and how its biology in turn influences clinical behaviour. It has long been evident that ovarian cancer is not a unitary disease but rather a multiplicity of distinct malignancies that share a common anatomical site upon presentation. Of these, the high-grade serous subtype predominates in the clinical setting and is responsible for a disproportionate share of the fatalities from all forms of ovarian cancer. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of the clinical-pathological features of ovarian cancer with a particular focus on the high-grade serous subtype. Along with a description of the relevant clinical aspects of this disease, including novel trends in treatment strategies, this text will inform the reader of recent updates to the scientific literature regarding the origin, aetiology and molecular-genetic basis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

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