scholarly journals Estimation of Sediment Distribution Based on Bathymetry Alteration (2014-2016) in the Inner Bay of Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia

Jurnal Segara ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guntur Adhi Rahmawan ◽  
Wisnu Arya Gemilang ◽  
Ulung Jantama Wisha ◽  
Ruzana Dhiauddin ◽  
Koko Ondara
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Sediment Volume ◽  
Water Region ◽  
Position Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
2D And 3D

The development of Ambon city is centered around Ambon Bay. As the major area of marine and social activities, changes occurred directly affect to the degraded of the bay water region. Sedimentation is the major issue that has been occurring. Marine ecosystem can be potentially disrupted by the high rate of sedimentation in the Inner Bay of Ambon (TAD). This study aims to determine the distribution of sediment volume within the bay. Bathymetry of TAD was surveyed by using transducer (Echosounder Echo track CVM Teledyne Odom Hydrographic Single Beam), which the depth of certain position was connected to GPS to record all the position data accurately. The field data are then analyzed spatially modelled in the form of 2D and 3D maps, overlaid with the past bathymetry data to calculate the difference between water depth and sediment volume during that period (2014-2016). The depth of TAD in 2014 ranged between 0 – -42 meters, whilst, in 2016 the water depth slightly changed to 0 – -44 meters. The reduction of the water depth is observed in the 25 – 125 m from shoreline, where the bed thickness alteration observed ranged from 0.1 - 1.4 m. Total volume of sediment augmentation reached 13,236,182 m3 that covers about 67.67 Ha. Tidal current speed ranged averagely from 0-1.2 m/s which has a tremendous influence on sediment transport in TAD. The bay mouth that is funnel-shaped enclosed area triggers a high transport mechanism on its surrounding. If ongoing, these conditions may endanger the environment and biota survival ability.

Peritoneal Fluid and Plasma Fibrinolytic Activity in Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (02) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Dörr ◽  
E J P Brommer ◽  
G Dooijewaard ◽  
H M Vemer
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fibrinolytic Parameters

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that the fibrinolytic activity of peritoneum is depressed in local inflammation. We measured fibrinolytic parameters in peritoneal fluid and in plasma of 10 women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Nine women, in whom laparoscopy for sterilisation was performed, served as a control group.In the peritoneal fluid of women with PID, PAI-Ag, t-PA-Ag and u-PA-Ag were many times higher than in the control group. In contrast to the antigens which may be present in inert complexes, the potentially active compounds, measured as t-PA activity and plasmin-activable scu-PA, were not significantly different in the two groups, and in none of the samples was the active enzyme tcu-PA detectable. Nevertheless, the mean peritoneal fluid TDP and FbDP concentrations were about twenty times higher in the PID group than in the control group. In plasma of PID patients, none of the parameters except u-PA-Ag differed from those in the control group. The difference between control and patient plasma u-PA-Ag was statistically significant, but too small to attach any relevance to the observation.Our data suggest that, in contrast to the classical concept of decreased fibrinolytic activity as a cause of adhesion formation, intraperitoneal fibrinolysis is enhanced in peritoneal inflammation through stimulation of the local production of t-PA and u-PA. Despite concomitant production of PAI, fibrinolysis occurs at a high rate, resulting in high levels of fibrin degradation products. Since this activated fibrinolysis does not meet the demand, therapeutic enhancement should be considered to prevent adhesions.

scholarly journals Two maize cultivars of contrasting leaf size show different leaf elongation rates with identical patterns of extension dynamics and coordination

AoB Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiphaine Vidal ◽  
Hafssa Aissaoui ◽  
Sabrina Rehali ◽  
Bruno Andrieu
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Leaf Extension

Abstract Simulating leaf development from initiation to maturity opens new possibilities to model plant–environment interactions and the plasticity of plant architecture. This study analyses the dynamics of leaf production and extension along a maize (Zea mays) shoot to assess important modelling choices. Maize plants from two cultivars originating from the same inbred line, yet differing in the length of mature leaves were used in this study. We characterised the dynamics of the blade and sheath lengths of all phytomers by dissecting plants every 2–3 days. We analysed how differences in leaf size were built up and we examined the coordination between the emergence of organs and phases of their extension. Leaf extension rates were higher in the cultivar with longer leaves than in the cultivar with shorter leaves; no differences were found in other aspects. We found that (i) first post-embryonic leaves were initiated at a markedly higher rate than upper leaves; (ii) below ear position, sheaths were initiated at a time intermediate between tip emergence and appearance, while above the ear position, sheaths were initiated at a high rate, such that the time interval between the blade and sheath initiations decreased for these leaves; and (iii) ear position also marked a change in the correlation in size between successive phytomers with little correlation of size between upper and lower leaves. Our results identified leaf extension rate as the reason for the difference in size between the two cultivars. The two cultivars shared the same pattern for the timing of initiation events, which was more complex than previously thought. The differences described here may explain some inaccuracies reported in functional-structural plant models. We speculate that genotypic variation in behaviour for leaf and sheath initiation exists, which has been little documented in former studies.

Experimental and computed dipole moments in donor–bridge–acceptor systems with p-phenylene and p-carboranediyl bridges

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Drož ◽  
Mark A. Fox ◽  
Drahomír Hnyk ◽  
Paul J. Low ◽  
J. A. Hugh MacBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Electronic Effects ◽  
Electronic Interactions ◽  
Donor And Acceptor ◽  
Homo And Lumo ◽  
Pull Systems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
2D And 3D

Dipole moments were measured for a series of substituted benzenes, biphenyls, terphenyls, C-monoaryl- and C,C′-diaryl-p-carboranes. For the donor–bridge–acceptor systems, Me2N–X–NO2, where X is 1,4-phenylene, biphenyl-4,4′-diyl, terphenyl and 1,4-C6H4-p-CB10H10C-1,4-C6H4, the measured interaction dipole moments are 1.36, 0.74, 0.51 and 0.00 D, respectively. The magnitude of the dipole moment reflects the ability of the bridge to transmit electronic effects between donor and acceptor groups. Thus, whilst the 1,4-phenylene bridges allow moderate electronic interactions between the remote groups, the p-carboranediyl unit is less efficient as a conduit for electronic effects. Averaged dipole moments computed at the DFT (B3LYP/6-31G*) level of theory from two distinct molecular conformers are in good agreement with the experimental values. Examination of the calculated electronic structures provides insight into the nature of the interactions between the donor and acceptor moieties through these 2D and 3D aromatic bridges. The most significant cooperative effect of the bridge on the dipole moment occurs in systems where there is some overlap between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals. This orbital overlap criterion may help to define the difference between “push-pull” systems in which electronic effects are mediated by the bridging moiety, and simpler systems in which the bridge acts as an electronically innocent spacer unit and through-space charge transfer/separation is dominant.

Resistance Tests of an Articulated Pusher Barge System in Deep and Shallow Water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Lei Xing ◽  
Mingyu Dong ◽  
Weimin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Changing Trend ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transport Vessel ◽  
Resistance Performance

Abstract Articulated pusher barge vessel is a short-distance transport vessel with good economic performance and practicability, which is widely used in the Yangtze River of China. In this present work, the resistance performance of articulated pusher barge vessel in deep water and shallow water was studied by model tests in the towing tank and basin of Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute. During the experimental investigation, the articulated pusher barge vessel was divided into three parts: the pusher, the barge and the articulated pusher barge system. Firstly, the deep water resistance performance of the articulated pusher barge system, barge and the pusher at design draught T was studied, then the water depth h was adjusted, and the shallow water resistance at h/T = 2.0, 1.5 and 1.2 was tested and studied respectively, and the difference between deep water resistance and shallow water resistance at design draught were compared. The results of model tests and analysis show that: 1) in the study of deep water resistance, the total resistance of the barge was larger than that of the articulated pusher barge system. 2) for the barge, the shallow water resistance increases about 0.4–0.7 times at h/T = 2.0, 0.5–1.1 times at h/T = 1.5, and 0.7–2.3 times at h/T = 1.2. 3) for the pusher, the shallow water resistance increases about 1.0–0.4 times at h/T = 2.7, 1.2–0.9 times at h/T = 2.0, and 1.7–2.4 times at h/T = 1.6. 4) for the articulated pusher barge system, the shallow water resistance increases about 0.2–0.3 times at h/T = 2.0, 0.5–1.3 times at h/T = 1.5, and 1.0–3.5 times at h/T = 1.2. Furthermore, the water depth Froude number Frh in shallow water was compared with the changing trend of resistance in shallow water.

A Low-Dimensional Dissimilarity Analysis of Unilateral and Bilateral Stroke-Impacted Hand Trajectories

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Ryan U. Roldan ◽  
Dejan Milutinović ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Jacob Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Healthy Subject ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Motion Capture System ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Dimensional

In this paper, we propose a quantitative approach based on identifying hand trajectory dissimilarities through the use of a multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis. A high-rate motion capture system is used to gather three-dimensional (3D) trajectory data of healthy and stroke-impacted hemiparetic subjects. The mutual dissimilarity between any two trajectories is measured by the area between them. This area is used as a dissimilarity variable to create an MDS map. The map reveals a structure for measuring the difference and variability of individual trajectories and their groups. The results suggest that the recovery of hemiparetic subjects can be quantified by comparing the difference and variability of their individual MDS map points to the points from the cluster of healthy subject trajectories. Within the MDS map, we can identify fully recovered patients, those who are only functionally recovered, and those who are either in an early phase of, or are nonresponsive to the therapy.

scholarly journals Moving to 3D: relationships between coral planar area, surface area and volume

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny E House ◽  
Luc M Bidaut ◽  
Alec P Christie ◽  
Oscar Pizarro ◽  
Maria Dornelas
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Reef Corals ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Planar Area ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Area And Volume

Coral reefs are a valuable and vulnerable marine ecosystem. The structure of coral reefs influences their health and ability to fulfill ecosystem functions and services. However, monitoring reef corals largely relies on 1D or 2D estimates of coral cover and abundance that overlook change in ecologically significant aspects of the reefs because they do not incorporate vertical or volumetric information. This study explores the relationship between 2D and 3D metrics of coral size. We show that surface area and volume scale consistently with planar area, albeit with morphotype specific conversion parameters. We use a photogrammetric approach using open-source software to estimate the ability of photogrammetry to provide measurement estimates of corals in 3D. Technological developments have made photogrammetry a valid and practical technique for studying coral reefs. We anticipate that these techniques for moving coral research from 2D into 3D will facilitate answering ecological questions by incorporating the 3rd dimension into monitoring.

Limited Tissue Biopsies and Hematolymphoid Neoplasms

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 782-798
Author(s):  
Kimberly F Ingersoll ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Grant P Harrison ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Lian-He Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
High Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Neoplasms ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objectives Use of fine-needle aspiration/needle core biopsy (FNA/CNB) in evaluating hematolymphoid processes has been debated. We investigate its applicability in various clinicopathologic settings. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 152 cases of FNA/CNB. Results Of 152 FNA/CNBs, 124 (81.6%) resulted in diagnoses without excisional biopsies, while 28 required subsequent excisional biopsies. Of these, 43 FNA/CNBs performed for suspected lymphoma relapse demonstrated 95.4% diagnostic rate (41/43), which was significantly better than those without history of lymphoma (77/109, 71%; odds ratio [OR], 8.5; confidence interval, 1.9-37.4). Patients with immunodeficiency also showed a high rate of diagnosis by FNA/CNB (100%). When stratified by types of disease, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma demonstrated a higher success rate (92.7%) than small B-cell lymphoma (79.2%), though the difference was not statistically significant (OR, 3.3; P value = .07). A subsequent excisional biopsy was required in 28 cases, 23 of which resulted in diagnoses concordant with the FNA/CNB. Five cases showed diagnostic discordance, reflecting pitfalls of FNA/CNB in unusual cases with complex pathology. Conclusions FNA/CNB is practical in evaluating most hematolymphoid lesions, with high efficacy in recurrent disease and some primary neoplasms with homogeneous/ aggressive histology, or characteristic immunophenotype.

Quantitative schlieren measurements in a supersonic turbulent jet

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Mach Number ◽  
Nozzle Exit ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Turbulent Jet ◽  
Initial Region ◽  
Potential Core ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Schlieren System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Subsonic Jet

This paper describes the results of a series of measurements made using a single beam schlieren system to investigate the density fluctuations present in the initial region of a supersonic axisymmetric turbulent jet with a Mach number of 1-82 in the flow a t the nozzle exit. A preheater was used to reduce the difference between the jet static temperature and that of the surrounding air to a relatively low level. The results show that significant density fluctuations are present in the potential core of the jet and that the distribution of fluctuating intensity across the shear layer differs from that obtained with a subsonic jet without preheating.

Cross-sectional Cathodoluminescence Study in Ga-polar and N-polar GaN Epilayers

2000 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Du ◽  
D. H. Lim ◽  
K. Xu ◽  
B. L. Liu ◽  
A. W. Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defect Formation ◽  
Growth Mode ◽  
Ion Scattering ◽  
Island Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ion Scattering Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Pressure Mocvd ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
2D And 3D

ABSTRACTHighly spatial resolved cross-sectional cathodoluminescence (CL) has been used to study the difference in the defect-formation and growth-mechanism between Ga-polar and N-polar GaN epitaxial layers. These epilayers were grown on sapphire substrates by low pressure MOCVD. Their polarities were controlled by the sapphire nitridation and the trimethylaluminum (TMAl) pre-flow just before the conventional two-step growth, and were confirmed with the coaxial impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS). For the Ga-polar GaN epilayers, cross-sectional CL images show distinct two layers, the upper layer with dark lines along c-direction and the layer close to the film-substrate interface with pyramidal dark regions. These two layers correspond to quasi 2D and 3D growth mode respectively. Whereas, the crosssectional CL image taken on the N-polar epilayers is predominated with small dark spots which were randomly distributed throughout the whole GaN epilayer, illustrating the predominant island growth mode in N-polar films.

Differences Among an Expert and a Non Expert in the Behavior for Chucking in the Lathe

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Porakoch Sirisuwan ◽  
Tetsushi Koshino ◽  
Chieko Narita ◽  
Takashi Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Position Data ◽  
Lathe Machine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Analysis System

The expert worker (85 years old) has worked for 70 years and the non expert (16 years old) has worked 1 year of experience for the lathe processing. The subjects were compared the difference in the waist, the shoulder and the fore arm movement between the two worker while they were chucking on the lathe machine. Determination used the same parts and the same type of lathe machine for investigated. There were 4 main categories that related three stances position alignment and two hands position on the key chuck. Using the 6 infrared cameras and 2 video cameras captured the position of each marker. All markers position data which synchronization was taken by a motion analysis system (sampling rate: 100Hz). As a results show the balance movement both the waist and the shoulder during the chucking that had significantly greater in the expert worker than the non expert worker.

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