Re-contextualizing the Framework of Scene for the Empirical Study of Post-institutional Religious Spaces in Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-172
Author(s):  
Marcus Moberg ◽  
Tommy Ramstedt
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Western World ◽  
General Decline

Following the continuing general decline of institutional religion across the Western world, scholars have increasingly turned their attention to the emergence of various types of, less conventionally organized, post-institutional forms of religion. Post-institutional religious spaces have, however, often proven difficult to pin down and grasp empirically through already available frameworks and concepts. This article aims to provide an impetus for further methodological discussion on the empirical study of post-institutional religious spaces through re-contextualizing the framework of scene for the study of post-institutional religious spaces in actual practice. The article outlines and explicates the methodological utility of the framework of scene through applying it on a particular geographically located post-institutional religious space: the present-day so-called “fringe-knowledge” scene in Finland.

Inhalant Abuse

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Volatile Substance ◽  
Western World ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Inhalant Abuse ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Monitoring The Future

Inhalant abuse is the intentional inhalation of a volatile substance for the purpose of achieving a euphoric state. It is also known as solvent abuse, volatile substance abuse, glue sniffing, sniffing, and huffing. Beginning with children as young as 6 years of age, it is an underrecognized form of substance abuse with a significant morbidity and mortality. This statement reviews important aspects of inhalant abuse and makes several recommendations involving prevention and education strategies to address this problem. EPIDEMIOLOGY As with other types of substance abuse, precise epidemiologic data on inhalant abuse are not available. The peak age of inhalant abuse is 14 to 15 years, with onset occurring in those as young as 6 to 8 years. Use declines typically by 17 to 19 years of age; however, some users may continue into adulthood. Since 1975, the National Institute on Drug Abuse annual survey of high school seniors (Monitoring the Future) has documented a lifetime incidence of inhalant abuse of 15% to 20%, with 5% to 10% of seniors using inhalants during the previous year. This survey underestimates the true prevalence, because school dropouts, who have a relatively higher incidence of substance abuse, are not included. Although there has been a general decline in the use of most other mind-altering substances, the relative incidence of inhalant abuse has increased. Since 1988, eighth graders also have been surveyed, disclosing that inhalant abuse has increased recently and has surpassed marijuana use within this group. Nationwide mortality data are not collected; however, the United Kingdom (with a population approximately one fifth of that of the United States and the only major country in the western world that tracks deaths caused by inhalants) has documented two deaths pen week.

Role-induced bias in criminal prosecutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Egli Anthonioz ◽  
Mark Schweizer ◽  
Joëlle Vuille ◽  
André Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western World ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Swiss Cantons

There are two main models of criminal prosecution in the western world. One tasks an independent magistrate (the examining judge) with the duty of conducting the investigation of a given case and transferring all evidence collected to the parties and the trial court. The other vests the prosecution with the task of conducting the investigation before representing the accusation in court. In 2011, a new code of criminal procedure entered into force in Switzerland, forcing most Swiss cantons to transition from the first model to the second. We investigate whether the change in the person conducting the investigation (from examining judge to prosecutor) could introduce or exacerbate bias against or in favor of the defendant. Through an empirical study carried out with students, we tried to determine whether this change might affect the fairness of the proceedings. We contend that the rights of the defense are better safeguarded in the first model than in the second, even if the contrast is not as stark as was initially predicted.

scholarly journals Die belangrikheid van besoeke aan nuwe intrekkers as deel van die werkprogram van die gemeentepredikant

1996 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Van Zyl ◽  
T. F.J. Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Parish Minister ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
Pastoral Relationship

The importance of visits to newcomers as part of the work programme of the parish minister In the current theological literature about parish-visiting, a gap is identified with regard to the importance of visiting newcomers in a congregation. With this in mind an empirical study was undertaken to evaluate the matter in actual practice. The starting point (hypothesis) of this study is: Visits to newcomers is a very important facet of any parish minister's work.  Such visits can help to establish a pastoral relationship between minister and member which is essential for the minister's pastoral and other work in the congregation. By means of an empirical study the above-mentioned hypothesis was tested and a preliminary theory with regard to the importance of visitation to newcomers was formulated. After  this theory has been tested against the directives of Scripture, a proposal is made for a new theory to underpin the practice within the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika.

Individuals without jobs: An empirical study of job-seeking behavior and reemployment.

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie R. Wanberg ◽  
John D. Watt ◽  
Deborah J. Rumsey
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Seeking Behavior
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