For Prayers and Pedagogy

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-155
Author(s):  
Christina Welch
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Scholarly Writing ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Vernacular Theology ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This short article contextualizes a subset of Northern European cadaver monuments of the late- Medieval/early-Modern era, known as transi imagery. It explores 37 English carved cadaver monuments (ECCMs) dating from between c. 1425 to 1558. By examining vernacular theology, perceptions of purgatory, and understandings of the body post-mortem, it supports current scholarly writing that these ECCMs were pedagogical in nature, prompting prayers from the living to comfort the deceased in purgatory. However, it controversially argues that ECCMs additionally provided a visual reminder to the living that purgatorial suffering was not just spiritual, but also physical during the wet stage of death (the period before the corpse became skeletal). Further, by drawing on fieldwork, this article provides the first comprehensive guide to the carved cadaver monuments that can be found in England.

Terrains of Myths and Devotion

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Eiji Okawa
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Western Japan ◽  
Surrounding Space ◽  
Popular Devotion ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
A Site ◽  
Modern Era

How do religious imaginings and practices reconstitute the environment and situate communities in the surrounding space? What can religious institutions tell us about the historical interplays among myths, societal formations, and terrains of the earth? This chapter inquires these questions with a case study from preindustrial Japan. The Buddhist monastery of Kôyasan in the mountains of Kii province in western Japan enjoyed historical prominence both on political and spiritual terms. In the late medieval era (14th to 16th centuries), it presided as a landholding overlord and ruled large estates in the plains below. As a site of popular devotion, it developed in the early modern era (or Tokugawa, ca. 1600-1867) a transregional network of worshippers who sought its ritual services that promised salvation in the afterlife. What, then, propelled Kôyasan to its historical prominence? By contextualizing clerical practices with the mythical landscape of the monastery, the chapter uncovers how Kôyasan's success was undergirded by the ritual reconstitution of the land and soil.

The Catalan Collective Identity in the Early Modern Era (1479–1714)

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-88
Author(s):  
Cristian Palomo
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Catalonia, politically formed as the principality of Catalonia and the counties of Roussillon and Cerdanya, was a political entity that, like those of the kingdoms of Aragon, Valencia, or Navarra, existed in the late medieval and the early modern periods linked to great dynastic empires such as the Crown of Aragon, the Hispanic Monarchy, and the French Monarchy. In these centuries, the Catalans developed a collective identity, and this chapter offers a synthetic explanation of its characteristics during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs and their successors, the Hispanic sovereigns of the House of Austria.

Epilogue

2021 ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Vincent Evener
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Devotional Literature ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Recent scholarship has often focused on the failure of sixteenth-century reform aspirations; scholars have also questioned the coherence and historical significance of the Reformation. The present study brings into relief a yet-unresolved question underlying these debates: what did reformers want to achieve? Scholars have highlighted numerous goals (relief from the social and psychological burdens of late-medieval religion, Christianization, consolation, certitude); this book views the reformers’ central concern as truth and the alignment of Christian life around truth. Luther, Karlstadt, and Müntzer agreed that human self-assertion in thinking and willing was the root of religious deception; thus, they agreed in seeing suffering both as key to the reception and perception of truth and as an inevitable consequence of life according to truth in a fallen world. Eckhartian mysticism inspired and aided their work to teach discernment and self-discipline. Such pedagogical efforts continued through the preaching, printed sermons and postils, and devotional literature of the early modern era, and it is inappropriate to pass judgment on the success or failure of the Reformation without attending to that literature.

Mental disorders in commentaries by the late medieval theologians Richard of Middleton, John Duns Scotus, William Ockham and Gabriel Biel on Peter Lombard’s Sentences

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesa Hirvonen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
John Duns Scotus ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Duns Scotus ◽  
William Ockham ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Modern Era

In their commentaries on the Sentences, Richard of Middleton, John Duns Scotus, William Ockham and Gabriel Biel reflect whether mentally-disturbed people can receive the sacraments (Baptism, Eucharist, confession, marriage) and fulfil juridical actions (make a will or take an oath). They consider that the main problem in ‘madmen’ in relation to the sacraments and legal actions is their lack of the use of reason. Scotus and Ockham especially are interested in the causes of mental disorders and the phenomena which happen in madmen’s minds and bodies. In considering mental disorders mostly as naturally caused psycho-physical phenomena, Scotus and Ockham join the rationalistic mental disorder tradition, which was to become dominant in the early modern era and later.

scholarly journals Narrative Charms in Late Medieval and Early Modern Wales

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-352
Author(s):  
Katherine Leach
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
General Development ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this article I will consider the general development of Welsh narrative charms from the earliest examples (late fourteenth century) up to the first decades of the Early Modern Era in Wales (mid-to-late sixteenth century). I will focus on the most common narrative charm types of this time: those that feature the motifs of Longinus, the Three Good Brothers, and Flum Jordan or Christ’s birth in Bethlehem. The development of these charms over time can provide insights into changing attitudes in Wales towards healing, religion, superstition, and even language. By the onset of the Early Modern era, Welsh narrative charms were increasingly subject to rhetorical expansions of the religious narratives that constituted the efficacious component of the charm. Additionally, by the end of the fifteenth century and into the early sixteenth, charms that once commonly featured Latin as the predominant language demonstrated an increased preference for the vernacular.1

Philosophic Pride

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This is the first full-scale look at the essential place of Stoicism in the foundations of modern political thought. Spanning the period from Justus Lipsius's Politics in 1589 to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile in 1762, and concentrating on arguments originating from England, France, and the Netherlands, the book considers how political writers of the period engaged with the ideas of the Roman and Greek Stoics that they found in works by Cicero, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius. The book examines key texts in their historical context, paying special attention to the history of classical scholarship and the historiography of philosophy. The book delves into the persisting tension between Stoicism and the tradition of Augustinian anti-Stoic criticism, which held Stoicism to be a philosophy for the proud who denied their fallen condition. Concentrating on arguments in moral psychology surrounding the foundations of human sociability and self-love, the book details how the engagement with Roman Stoicism shaped early modern political philosophy and offers significant new interpretations of Lipsius and Rousseau together with fresh perspectives on the political thought of Hugo Grotius and Thomas Hobbes. The book shows how the legacy of the Stoics played a vital role in European intellectual life in the early modern era.

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