scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF ULTRASONICATION EXTRACTION FOR DETERMINATION OF 16 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN AIR PARTICLE

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Duong Thi Hanh ◽  
Ha Thu Trinh ◽  
Phan Quang Thang ◽  
Nguyen Trung Dung ◽  
Nguyen Tran Dien
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The aim of this study is to develop the quick ultrasonication extraction procedure for determination of 16 typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air particles. The  determination and quantification of PAHs in air particles samples were performed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with the aid of deuterated PAH internal standards. 1ug mixture of PAHs was spiked to a quarter of quartz fiber filter and extracted with four different solvents/solvent mixtures (methanol:dichloromethane, acetone:dichloromethane; acetone:hexane; dichloromethane). Ultrasonication extraction was carried out in dark at uncontrolled and controlled ultrasonication temperature (25-28oC). The unique extraction time (20 minutes) was applied for all experiments. The results showed that high recovery rate of PAHs (82-108%) were obtained with dichloromethane (as extraction solvent) in dark at ultrasonication temperature of 25 to 28oC, while generally low recovery rate of PAHs, especially naphthalene (57%) were obtained with methanol:dichloromethane (1:1). The ultrasonication extraction method with dichloromethane showed good reproductively and repeatability with relative standard deviation of 16 PAHs below 6,14%, confirming that samples analyses were precise.  Analytical results of PAHs in air particles collected in Hanoi using the developed ultrasonication extraction procedure showed that 15 out of 16 PAHs were detected, in which high molecular weight (MW) PAHs (>5 rings) were abundance compared to low molecular weight PAHs (< 3 rings). This developed ultrasonication extraction method is quick, easy and sufficient for determination of PAHs in air particle

scholarly journals Optimization of a Low Volume Extraction Method to Determine Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Aerosol Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Scaramboni ◽  
Jordan Brizi Neris ◽  
Rita de Kássia Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Natasha Leandra Chiaranda da Rosa ◽  
Jonatas Schadeck Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Optimized Conditions

This work describes the optimization of an extraction method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitro- and oxy-PAH derivatives in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples, and demonstrates that this method is also effective for the determination of levoglucosan. The optimization of the extraction solvents was performed using a three-component mixture design with the solvents dichloromethane, methanol, and acetonitrile. The number of extractions, volume of solvent, and duration of extraction in an ultrasonic bath were optimized using a full factorial design followed by a central composite design. The analyses were performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The optimized conditions of the method were three extractions using 4.0 ml of acetonitrile, with ultrasonication for 34 min. The proposed method presented good linearity (r &gt; 0.990) and acceptable precision for low (100 ng ml−1, RSD: 1–16%), medium (300 ng ml−1, RSD: 1–19%), and high (500 ng ml−1, RSD: 2–16%) concentrations of PAHs. The limits of quantification for different PAHs ranged from 10 to 50 ng ml−1, which were suitable for atmospheric PM. Assessment of the method using sample matrix spiking/recovery assays, as well as use of a reference method, showed good recoveries for levoglucosan and for most of the PAHs and their derivatives, except for the most volatile compounds, which were lost during the evaporation of the solvent. The results for PM samples extracted by the optimized method and the reference method were in good agreement. The proposed method required 97% less solvent than the reference method, shortened the analysis time by 85%, and proved to be accurate and precise for the determination of at least 27 PAHs and their derivatives present in PM samples collected with a low-volume sampler.

scholarly journals Determination of the Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Toasted Bread Using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Al-Rashdan ◽  
Murad I. H. Helaleh ◽  
A. Nisar ◽  
A. Ibtisam ◽  
Zainab Al-Ballam
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
White Wheat ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in eighteen baked bread samples using gas oven toasting were evaluated in this study. Samples were classified into the following categories: (1) bread baked from white wheat flour, (2) bread baked from brown wheat flour, and (3) sandwich bread baked from white wheat flour. Analysis was performed by GC-MS after Soxhlet extraction of the sample and clean up of the extract. The levels of B[a]P was not detected in ten of eighteen samples. In the rest of the samples, B[a]P are varied from 2.83 to 16.54 g/kg. B[a]A, CHR, B[b]FA, B[k] FA, IP, DB[a,h]A, and B[ghi]P concentrations were found to be less than 10.0 g/kg. However, B[a]P are not detected in original white and brown wheat flour. The total PAHs were varied in the range 1.06–44.24 g/kg and 3.08–278.66 g/kg for H-PAH and L-PAH, respectively. Reproducibility and repeatability of the proposed method was calculated and presented in terms of recovery and relative standard deviations (RSD, %). Recoveries were varied from 72.46% to 99.06% with RSD ± 0.28–15.01% and from 82.39% to 95.01% with RSD ±1.91–13.01% for repeatability and reproducibility, respectively. Different commercialized samples of toasted bread were collected and analyzed.

Extraction and Determination of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Plant Tissues

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
John T Coates ◽  
Alan W Elzerman ◽  
A Wayne Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Contaminated Irrigation Water

Abstract A procedure has been developed for analysis of plant material for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Sonication is used to extract the PAHs from homogenized plant material into acetonitrile and then the PAHs are partitioned into pentane. The pentane extract is fractionated on a micro silicic acid column and is analyzed by capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Overall method recoveries for 16 PAHs spiked into hybrid grain sorghum ranged from 45 to 90%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 3 to 38% and averaging 17%. This method can be used to measure PAHs in hybrid grain sorghum, fescue grass, and similar plants at the 25 μ/kg level. The procedure was applied to a preliminary study of PAH uptake by sorghum and fescue irrigated with secondary treated municipal wastewater spiked with 5 PAHs. Accumulation of fluoranthene and pyrene by fescue and hybrid grain sorghum from the PAH-contaminated irrigation water was apparent.

Rapid, Semimicro Method for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Shellfish by Automated Gel Permeation/Liquid Chromatography

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J Musial ◽  
John F Uthe
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract A simple, rapid, easily automated method is described for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in shellfish such as American lobster (Homarus americanus) and blue mussel (Mytilus edulis). PAHs are extracted from small amounts (1-8 g) of tissue by saponification in IN ethanolic potassium hydroxide followed by partitioning into 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. This solution is evaporated just to dryness by rotary evaporation and the residue is dissolved in cyclohexane- dichloromethane (1 + 1) for gel permeation chromatography (GPC) on Bio-Beads SX-3. The GPC procedure is ideal as a screening method in the range 25-18 000 ng PAHs/g tissue. If individual PAH measurements are required, the appropriate GPC fraction is collected and PAHs are separated by reverse phase liquid chromatography (LC) with fiuorometric detection. Individual PAHs at concentrations as low as 0.25-10 ng/g can be determined. Recoveries of added fluoranthene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[e]pyrene, benzo[A]fluoranthene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[α]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, and indeno[l,2,3-cd]pyrene were quantitative, with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.0 to 16.9%.

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