Are Sorption and Degradation Processes Adequately Accounted for in Surface Water Risk Assessments for Plant Protection Products?

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Robin Oliver ◽  
Laurence Hand ◽  
Derek Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Degradation Processes

scholarly journals Prevalence of pesticides in Krško-Brežice polje aquifer

Geologija ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-288
Author(s):  
Nina MALI ◽  
Anja KOROŠA ◽  
Janko URBANC
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
The Past ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The World

Groundwater pollution with pesticides is a problem that occurs all over the world as well as in Slovenia. Considering the past high loads of groundwater with pesticides, the purpose of the presented research was to determine the presence of pesticides in the groundwater of Krško-Brežiško polje in the period 2018-2019 and to check the applicability of the passive sampling method. A total of 21 groundwater samples were taken at 11 locations and 2 samples each in the Sava and Krka rivers. We identified 15 pesticides and their degradation products. Atrazine and its degradation product desethylatrazine were most frequently determined in groundwater samples. They are followed by desethylterbutylazine, terbutylazine, metolachlor and simazine. Atrazine, desethylatrazine, chlortoluron, metolachlor and terbuthylazine were detected in surface water. A total of 24 samples were taken in groundwater and surface water using the qualitative passive sampling method. We singled out 8 pesticides that appear in two campaigns. The frequency and occurrence of individual pesticides by both methods are comparable. Passive sampling has proven to be an appropriate method of identifying the presence of pesticides. The highest loads in the Krško-Brežiško field arise from the agricultural land areas. Groundwater is more contaminated with pesticides in the central part of the field in the direction of groundwater flow from west to east. In the groundwater of the Krško-Brežice field, atrazine and desethylatrazine are still the most frequently detected pesticides with higher concentrations, despite a 20 years long ban on the use of atrazine-based plant protection products.

Linking the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecological processes to potential impairment of ecosystem functions and services—A multidisciplinary conceptual framework.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Pesce ◽  
Annette Bérard ◽  
Marie-Agnès Coutellec ◽  
Alexandra Langlais-Hesse ◽  
Mickaël Hedde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Scientific Experts

There is growing interest in using the ecosystem services framework for environmental risk assessments of plant protection products (PPP). However, there is still a broad gap between most of the ecotoxicological endpoints used in PPP risk assessment and the evaluation of the risks and effects of PPP on ecosystem services. Here we propose a conceptual framework to link current and future knowledge on the ecotoxicological effects of PPP on biodiversity and ecological processes to their consequences on ecosystem functions and services. We first describe the main processes governing the relationships between biodiversity, ecological processes and ecosystem functions in response to effects of PPP. We define 12 main categories of ecosystem functions that could be directly linked with the ecological processes used as functional endpoints in investigations on the ecotoxicology of PPP. An exploration of perceptions on the possible links between these categories of ecosystem functions and groups of ecosystem services (by a panel scientific experts in various fields of environmental sciences) then finds that these direct and indirect linkages still need clarification. We illustrate how the proposed framework could be used on terrestrial microalgae and cyanobacteria to assess the potential effects of herbicides on ecosystem services. The framework proposed here uses a set of clearly-defined core categories of ecosystem functions and services, which should help identify which of them are effectively or potentially threatened by PPP. We argue that this framework could help harmonize and extend the scientific knowledge that informs decision-making and policy-making.

Foliar Interception and Retention Values after Pesticide Application. A Proposal for Standardized Values for Environmental Risk Assessment (Technical Report)

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 2199-2218 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Linders ◽  
H. Mensink ◽  
G. Stephenson ◽  
D. Wauchope ◽  
K. Racke
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
The World

In performing risk assessments for plant protection products by applicants or regulators in relation to the registration of the products, an important aspect to take into account is the foliar interception and retention of the active substance of the product on the plant. An overview is given of the approaches to this item in several parts of the world. The relevant circumstances and influencing variables, such as growth phase, planting density, and some physicochemical characteristics (e.g., vapor pressure and Henry's coefficient) are dealt with. Finally, a proposal is presented for how to take into account the phenomenon of foliar interception and retention in the initial phase, first tier, of the risk assessment process.

scholarly journals Changes in the pollution of Lodz voivodship rainwater as a result of changes in pollutant immissions

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Czerwińska ◽  
Grzegorz Wielgosiński
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Sanitary Condition

Increasing urbanization rates, particularly in cities, cause an increase in pollutant emissions into the environment. Immission of pollutants is the amount of particulate or gaseous pollutants that is received by the environment. Natural precipitation, i.e. rainwater, is polluted during the contact with air. As a result of atmospheric precipitation groundwater and soil become polluted. The pollutants also penetrate surface water, causing further contamination. In rainwater that goes to the sewage system, there are pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, slurries, plant protection products and many more. This is largely dependent on the type of management of the catchment, its sanitary condition, and the time and intensity of precipitation. Another important factor is the composition of pollutants emitted into the atmospheric air in each area. The work shows changes in the pollution of rainwater in Lodz Voivodship in the years 2010-2016 and presents analysis of the data collected by the Regional Inspectorate for Environmental Protection. The analysis shows that the state of rainwater is steadily deteriorating which is directly related to air quality.

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