scholarly journals Analysis of Grouped Growth Patterns in Even-Aged Sugi Forest Stand within the Framework of Mixture Model

FORMATH ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (0) ◽  
pp. 39-59
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Yanagihara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ninomiya ◽  
Atsushi Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Model ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Growth Patterns

scholarly journals Clustering Individual Growth Patterns in an Even-Aged Forest Stand

FORMATH ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (0) ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
H. Yanagihara ◽  
A. Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Forest Stand ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Individual Growth

scholarly journals Modeling the long-term dynamics of tropical forests: from leaf traits to whole-tree growth patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Petter ◽  
Holger Kreft ◽  
Yongzhi Ong ◽  
Gerhard Zotz ◽  
Juliano Sarmento Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Leaf Economic Spectrum ◽  
Individual Trees

AbstractTropical forests are the most diverse terrestrial ecosystems and home to numerous tree species with diverse ecological strategies competing for resources in space and time. Functional traits influence the ecophysiological performance of tree species, yet the relationship between traits and emergent long-term growth pattern is poorly understood. Here, we present a novel 3D forest stand model in which growth patterns of individual trees and forest stands are emergent properties of leaf traits. Individual trees are simulated as 3D functional-structural tree models (FSTMs), considering branches up to the second order and leaf dynamics at a resolution of one m3. Each species is characterized by a set of leaf traits that corresponds to a specific position on the leaf economic spectrum and determines light-driven carbon assimilation, respiration and mortality rates. Applying principles of the pipe model theory, these leaf scale-processes are coupled with within-tree carbon allocation, i.e., 3D tree growth emerges from low-level processes. By integrating these FSTMs into a dynamic forest stand model, we go beyond modern stand models to integrate structurally-detailed internal physiological processes with interspecific competition, and interactions with the environment in diverse tree communities. For model calibration and validation, we simultaneously compared a large number of emergent patterns at both the tree and forest levels in a pattern-oriented modeling framework. At the tree level, varying specific leaf area and correlated leaf traits determined the maximum height and age of a tree, as well as its size-dependent growth rate and shade tolerance. Trait variations along the leaf economic spectrum led to a continuous transition from fast-growing, short-lived and shade-intolerant to slow-growing, long-lived and shade-tolerant trees. These emerging patterns resembled well-known functional tree types, indicating a fundamental impact of leaf traits on long-term growth patterns. At the forest level, a large number of patterns taken from lowland Neotropical forests were reproduced, indicating that our forest model simulates structurally realistic forests over long time spans. Our ecophysiological approach improves the understanding of how leaf level processes scale up to the tree and the stand level, and facilitates the development of next-generation forest models for species-rich forests in which tree performance emerges directly from functional traits.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

The association of Raynaud’s phenomenon/syndrome with scleroderma and Sjögren’s syndrome – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement 73) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schlattmann ◽  
Höhne ◽  
Plümper ◽  
Heidrich
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Raynaud’S Syndrome ◽  
Raynaud's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Background: In order to analyze the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in diseases such as scleroderma and Sjögren’s syndrom – a meta-analysis of published data was performed. Methods: The PubMed data base of the National Library of Medicine was used for studies dealing with Raynaud’s syndrome and scleroderma or Raynaud’s syndroem and Sjögren’s syndrom respectively. The studies found provided data sufficient to estimate the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome. The statistical analysis was based on methods for a fixed effects meta-analysis and finite mixture model for proportions. Results: For scleroderma a pooled prevalence of 80.9% and 95% CI (0.78, 0.83) was obtained. A mixture model analysis found four latent classes. We identified a class with a very low prevalence of 11%, weighted with 0.15. On the other hand there is a class with a very high prevalence of 96%. Analysing the association with Sjögren’s syndrome, the pooled analysis leads to a prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome of 32%, 95% CI(26.7%, 37.7%). A mixture model finds a solution with two latent classes. Here, 38% of the studies show a prevalence of 18.8% whereas 62% observe a prevalence of 38.3%. Conclusion: There is strong variability of studies reporting the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in patients suffering from scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. The available data are insufficient to perform a proper quantitative analysis of the association of Raynaud’s phenomenon with scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. Properly planned and reported epidemiological studies are needed in order to perform a thorough quantitative analysis of risk factors for Raynaud’s syndrome.

Episodic whole plant growth patterns in Ligustrum

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Kuehny ◽  
Mary C. Halbrooks
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Whole Plant

Larval Behavior and Protective Implications for Sea Scallops and Surf Clams within the Middle Atlantic Bight: Part Two, Variability of Physical Environment and Larval Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Larval Behavior ◽  
Larval Release ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Climatic Variations ◽  
Middle Atlantic ◽  
Sea Scallops

Larval growth and settlement rates are important larval behaviors for larval protections. The variability of larval growthsettlement rates and physical conditions for 2006-2012 and in the future with potential climate changes was studied using the coupling ROMS-IMBs, and new temperature and current indexes. Forty-four experimental cases were conducted for larval growth patterns and release mechanisms, showing the spatial, seasonal, annual, and climatic variations of larval growthsettlement rates and physical conditions, demonstrating that the slight different larval temperature-adaption and larval release strategies made difference in larval growth-settlement rates, and displaying that larval growth and settlement rates highly depended upon physical conditions and were vulnerable to climate changes.

Parasites alter behavior, reproductive output, and growth patterns of Aurelia medusae in a marine lake

2015 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
LM Chiaverano ◽  
WM Graham ◽  
JH Costello
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Growth Patterns

Application of Fractal Growth Patterns in Housing Layout Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
SUBHADHA BATTINA
Keyword(s):  
Layout Design ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fractal Growth ◽  
Housing Layout
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