scholarly journals Century-Long Dynamics of the Land Use Structure in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Valerij Minat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
Land Use Structure ◽  
Periodic Dynamics ◽  
Space Dynamics ◽  
American Society

The paper studies the experience of American land use in the twentieth century on the territory of 48 contiguous continental states. Changes in time and space (dynamics) of the main indicators of distribution and use of land resources that form the structural appearance of the U.S. land fund are shown. Based on the analysis of the countrys land use structure, the resulting part of which is a summary table, the periodic dynamics of the land use structure (in twenty-year time intervals) is considered, and the dependence of structural changes in land use on the level and nature of the socio-economic development of American society is shown. The study of the age-old dynamics of structural features of American land use conducted on the basis of scientific materials of American scientists and data from official American statistics makes it possible to draw generalizing conclusions about the nature of land use in the United States, both in the whole country and in the regional aspect. As a result, the author has obtained a generalized scientific picture of how the structure of land use in the continental part of the country (without Alaska) has changed over the course of a century in the direction from maximum to optimal use of natural resources.

scholarly journals Evolution of Industrial R&D Financing in the USA: Dynamic and Structural Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
Valerij Minat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

The subject area of this study includes the features of the dynamics and structure of the financing of industrial R&D that have developed in the United States over the time period 1929–2019, determined by the institutional features and structural changes in the country’s industrial production. The evolution of industrial R&D financing as a socio-historical process reflects the economic transformations caused by the increased mobilization of financial resources for scientific, technical and innovative development. The purpose of the study is to identify and justify current trends in the evolution of industrial R&D financing in the United States, due to structural changes in industrial production over a long period of time. The results of the studies revealed structural relations of sources of direct funding of industrial R&D in the United States (by main areas) in the “customer– contractor” system, implemented by the public and private research programs. The empirical data obtained generally confirm the theoretical position on the impact of institutional and structural changes observed within the American manufacturing sector over the study period on the evolution of specific R&D financing in terms of increasing their concentration. It also shows the disparity in the territorial allocation of federal funding for industrial R&D in the United States.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Valls
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Color Blind ◽  
American Society ◽  
Liberal Political Theory

The persistence of racial inequality in the United States raises deep and complex questions of racial justice. Some observers argue that public policy must be “color-blind,” while others argue that policies that take race into account should be defended on grounds of diversity or integration. This chapter begins to sketch an alternative to both of these, one that supports strong efforts to address racial inequality but that focuses on the conditions necessary for the liberty and equality of all. It argues that while race is a social construction, it remains deeply embedded in American society. A conception of racial justice is needed, one that is grounded on the premises provided by liberal political theory.

scholarly journals Descriptors of Cytochrome Inhibitors and Useful Machine Learning Based Methods for the Design of Safer Drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Tyler C. Beck ◽  
Kyle R. Beck ◽  
Jordan Morningstar ◽  
Menny M. Benjamin ◽  
Russell A. Norris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Cyp Inhibition ◽  
Cyp Inhibitors

Roughly 2.8% of annual hospitalizations are a result of adverse drug interactions in the United States, representing more than 245,000 hospitalizations. Drug–drug interactions commonly arise from major cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibition. Various approaches are routinely employed in order to reduce the incidence of adverse interactions, such as altering drug dosing schemes and/or minimizing the number of drugs prescribed; however, often, a reduction in the number of medications cannot be achieved without impacting therapeutic outcomes. Nearly 80% of drugs fail in development due to pharmacokinetic issues, outlining the importance of examining cytochrome interactions during preclinical drug design. In this review, we examined the physiochemical and structural properties of small molecule inhibitors of CYPs 3A4, 2D6, 2C19, 2C9, and 1A2. Although CYP inhibitors tend to have distinct physiochemical properties and structural features, these descriptors alone are insufficient to predict major cytochrome inhibition probability and affinity. Machine learning based in silico approaches may be employed as a more robust and accurate way of predicting CYP inhibition. These various approaches are highlighted in the review.

Land Use Policy and Problems in the United States

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 698
Author(s):  
A. Allan Schmid ◽  
Howard W. Ottoson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Land Use Policy

Japanese Reinvention of Self through Hawai‘i’s Japanese Americans

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Yaguchi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Asian American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese History ◽  
Postwar Japan ◽  
Postwar Reconstruction ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
Modern Japanese History ◽  
American Society

This article investigates the relationship between Asian American and modern Japanese history by analyzing the image of Japanese Americans in postwar Japan. Based on a book of photographs featuring Japanese immigrants in Hawai‘i published in 1956, it analyzes how their image was appropriated and redefined in Japan to promote as well as reinforce the nation’s political and cultural alliance with the United States. The photographs showed the successful acculturation of Japanese in Hawai‘i to the larger American society and urged the Japanese audience to see that their nation’s postwar reconstruction would come through the power and protection of the United States. Japanese Americans in Hawai‘i served as a lens through which the Japanese in Japan could imagine their position under American hegemony in the age of Cold War.

Spatial features of land use/land cover change in the United States

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Gao ◽  
Jiyuan Liu ◽  
Xiangzheng Deng
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Features
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