The Goals of “Green” Clusters in Tourism

Tourist clusters are widely used in domestic practice as tools for the development of tourist infrastructure and improving the competitiveness of tourist products. The strategic effectiveness of clusters is determined by the extent to which the goals of their formation and functioning take into account the trends in the development of national and global tourism, as well as the interests of global, national and local stakeholders. Environmental challenges, transforming the system of socio-ecological and economic interests of stakeholders, require a corresponding adjustment of goals and goal-setting procedures at all stages of the cluster life cycle. The article substantiates the need for greening the goals system of cluster initiatives as a key condition and the first step in the system of measures for the “green” reorientation of existing and emerging clusters; offers a definition of a “green” tourism cluster as an organizational mechanism for greening the tourism industry, as well as a set of joint goals of its participants, which allows us to reach a compromise between the mission of greening tourism activities and the commercial success of the cluster. Data from the Russian and European Cluster Observatories, the European Cluster Collaboration Platform, and the TCI Network, a global network on clusters, innovation, and competitiveness for the period from 2003 to the present, are the information base for the study of the goals of cluster initiatives.

Regional and Industry-Specific Approach to the Formation of the Water Management Complex Development Strategy

The level of the water management complex development affects the state of the resource potential of the region and its structural and sectoral features. The purpose of this article is to reveal the relations and interdependence of the processes of strategic development of the water management complex and regional economy; to form recommendations that contribute to the development of these relations. The problem of forming a strategy for the water management complex development is considered within the framework of the sustainable development concept, which takes socio-economic and environmental aspects into account. As a result of the study the influence of the water management complex on the socio-economic potential of the southern Russian regions was analyzed. Scenario variants of the water management complex development in the regions are identified, their typology is carried out. The necessity of forming a mechanism of interdepartmental coordination to improve the efficiency of the management system for the strategic development of the water management complex is justified. Conclusions are drawn about the need to supplement the basin approach to water resources management with a regional-sectoral approach. This will make it possible to link the development strategy of the water management complex with the sectoral structural changes in the region. The results of the study can be used by regional authorities and water resources management to solve the problems of increasing the sustainability of water and regional ecosystems.

Modern Problems and Prospects for the Development of the Insurance Market in the Russian Federation

The role of insurance in a person’s life is undoubtedly great because it serves as the most effective tool in case of loss of property, health problems, business protection, etc. The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the insurance market in Russia and identify problems that arise during its functioning. The research methodology consists in summarizing and comparing data characterizing various components of the insurance market. The article analyzes the current state of the insurance market in Russia with a falling number of insurers by more than 20 % over the past 3 years, the share of top insurers continues to grow every year, over the past 3 years the growth has amounted to 12 %. Calculations that indicate a change in the level of concentration in the insurance market of the Russian Federation have been made. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that there is monopolistic competition in the market. The main factors influencing the level of competition in the market under consideration, namely, barriers to entry into the industry and their impact, were studied Due to the relevance of the research, the analysis of the impact the pandemic has on the Russian insurance market was carried out and the prospects for the development of the market were considered. Identifying the weaknesses of insurers made it possible to determine the priority areas for further development: intensive digital transformation of business, marketing, advertising.

National Information Risks of Big Data

The importance of this research is determined by the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on national economic security. The Russian government aims to use modern information technologies as a leading tool of global competitiveness. The scale of public spending on the information & communication and end-to-end technologies development and implementation in the Russian Federation exceeds the majority of socially significant national projects. Industry 4.0 technologies not only provide successful development of the state, but also carry potential threats and risks. The article analyzes the big data technologies impact on the information systems security of private organizations and government agencies. The article considers interpretations of the “big data” category formulated by foreign and domestic researchers. The study reveals a trend describing an increasing number of incidents related to the leakage of personal data and other valuable information. The author modeled the possible damage caused by leaks of personal data and other valuable information incurred by private organizations and government agencies of the Russian Federation for the period from 2016 to 2019. The article identifies the need for improving Russian legislation in the field of big data collection and use. Moreover, the author identifies the necessity for encouraging the introduction of modern information security tools in private organizations and government agencies.

Strategic Priorities for the Development of State Corporations of the Russian Economy in Modern Conditions

The article deals with the functioning and development of large state corporations in the Russian economy. Including the matters of determining the strategic priorities of socio-economic development in the state as a whole their leading role within the formation of the corporate model of public sector in the modern Russian economy is justified. It is determined that each state corporation performs different functions in the economy, including reproduction, innovation, stabilization and the function of ensuring economic security. The paper highlights the shortcomings and imperfections of the institution of state corporations functioning determined by the peculiarities of their institutional status. Practical examples of participation of state corporations in the implementation of major national projects of the country are presented. It was revealed that the strategic development priorities of state corporations coincide and correlate with the development priorities of the state, thereby ensuring their participation in the implementation of state policy in a particular area. The analysis made it possible to highlight recommendations for improving the efficiency of state corporations and outline the prospects for their further existence and development in the modern Russian economy. The research results can be used to optimize the work of large corporate structures with state participation when developing strategic planning documents and determining the prospects for their long-term development.

Features of the Digital Economy Development in the EAEU Countries

The most important factor of the global economy development is its digitalization. The degree of introduction of technologies determines the overall level of national economy competitiveness. In this context, the research studies modern approaches to the definition of the digital economy and analyzes the digital economy development of the Eurasian Economic Union (the EAEU) countries. Therefore, the article, first, characterizes the features and challenges of the digital economy as a new socio-economic system. Second, it investigates the development of digital economy in the EAEU countries by analyzing the statistical data and indices and identifies the potential of the EAEU countries in this field. Specifically, a rating assessment is made based on the E-Government Development Index, the E-participation Index, the ICT Development Index, the Network Readiness Index, and the Global Cybersecurity Index. The research has showed that there are currently conditions for the development of the digital economy of the EAEU countries and the strengthening of cooperation between them in this field. The advantages of Russia are not total, and Belarus, Kazakhstan and Armenia have the best result in a number of indicators among the EAEU countries. In 2017 the “Main Directions for Implementing the Digital Agenda of the Eurasian Economic Union Until 2025” were approved by the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council. This document includes the following directions: digital transformation of economic sectors and cross-sectoral transformation, digital transformation of the goods markets, services, capital and labor, digital transformation of management processes by integration processes, the development of digital infrastructure and ensuring the security of digital processes. In addition, a number of projects aimed at creating a single digital space are being implemented. This article extends the knowledge about the digital economy development of the EAEU countries, their potential in this area in terms of the implementation of the joint digital agenda.

Remote Employment: Expansion of Anti-Migration Factors (Using a Number of Federal Entities of the Southern Federal District As an Example)

The relevance of the problem under consideration is related to the expansion of distance employment both in connection with the development of digital economy and under the influence of the pandemic as a new phenomenon that can affect migration. The purpose of this article is to identify the possibility of the emergence of new anti-migration factors, new measures to consolidate the population in a particular territory in connection with the development of remote employment. In contrast to the existing studies of labor migration and remote employment, a synthesis of these processes is proposed, the understanding of which has not yet been reflected in scientific papers, as the analysis of the scientific works showed. Methodology of the study is based on the results of theoretical understanding of sociological surveys of Internet recruitment data for the reasons and directions of labor migration and distance employment. People who leave for other regions and are engaged in remote work are in general characterized by higher education, relatively young age and the desire to move to large cities with developed infrastructure. Nevertheless, they differ in the types of work performed. When working remotely, they are engaged in IT technologies, accounting, audit, and legal services. During labor migration, they work in construction industry, enterprises of raw materials extraction, and industrial production, i.e. jobs involving hard physical labor. At the same time young people are more focused on intellectual work and are not interested in physical work. It is facilitated by the focus of the current education system on the development of creativity and project activities with little attention paid to the development of physical abilities. The development of distance employment is just a new factor in the consolidation of the permanently settled population in the region. For this purpose, it is suggested to change the approaches to infrastructure development, which is confirmed by the experience, for example, of Innopolis and the proactive formation of individual labor careers, primarily for native population but also for the newly arrived people. Such a policy is most important for the federal entities of the Southern Federal District the reason for moving to which is a unique natural factor and a favorable climate.

Ways to Improve Vietnam’s Competitiveness and Economic Recovery in the Context of a Pandemic

There is currently no official research and publication by an authoritative organization on the state of the world economy in crisis. The economic downturn and negative growth of many leading countries show the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world economy. Solving the problem of Vietnam’s economy’s recovery from this situation actualizes the issue of justifying effective development strategies. This is indeed a complex process that results in achieving a competitive position compared to the ASEAN region. The content of the scientific paper is based on the materials from current sources, i.e. international organizations and periodicals, summary data from publications of the Vietnamese statistical office, as well as historical and economic literature. The factors ensuring the country’s competitiveness were analyzed on the basis of ratings of international organizations whereby it is possible to determine the most competitive elements of the Vietnamese economy and propose priority directions for state development. Key recommendations include structural reforms aimed at changing the growth model from a factor to productivity, improving the quality of technologies and human resources, as well as improving the business environment, ensuring macroeconomic stability, upgrading infrastructure and encouraging innovation.

Determinants of Liquidity Management: Evidence from Nigerian Banking Sector

The study examined the determinants of liquidity management in twelve Nigerian banks during 2009–2018. Liquidity ratio (LQR) and deposit to asset ratio (DAR) were used as surrogates for liquidity management. As the potential liquidity management determinant indicators, five bank-specific variables (capital adequacy, size, asset quality, profitability and deposit growth) and three macroeconomic variables (GDP growth rate, inflation rate and interest rate) were used as proxies. Results from balanced fixed effects least square regression analytical technique show that size, profitability, GDP growth rate and inflation rate are important liquidity determinants in Nigerian banks. Specifically, bank size has a positive and significant influence on LQR, while GDP growth rate and inflation rate exhibit a negative and significant relationship with LQR. It further reveals a positive and significant relationship between profitability (ROA) and DAR. It is recommended that banks’ management should focus attention on both bank-specific (size and profitability) and macroeconomic (GDP growth and inflation rate) factors when deciding appropriate liquidity management strategy to be adopted. These four variables have the capacity to influence the profitability, sustainable growth and survival of banks operating in a volatile business environment such as Nigeria.

Innovative Technologies of Human Capital Development of Children with Disabilities

Building up human capital is the main element of the Russian regions’ strategic development, since it is a necessary basis for economic growth. Achieving high economic performance without state influence on human capital at the present stage is not possible. The article is devoted to the problem of human capital development in the context of demographic crisis in Russia, the peculiarities of migration and the high level of disabled people among employable population. Theoretical and methodological foundations of human capital formation are analyzed in the context of the need to increase the innovativeness of the Russian economy. The authors identified innovative approaches to the formation of human capital of children with disabilities in the process of obtaining education and achieving acmeological growth. The basis of the policy of increasing human capital should be an updated and objectively formed strategy for the socio-economic development of the territory. The main element of the new strategy should be measures aimed at economic growth, increasing the productivity of economic entities in the region, increasing budget profitability, and increasing the financial security of socially disadvantaged categories of citizens. The development of education, healthcare and social services should be additional elements of the region’s policy of increasing human capital.