scholarly journals Situated Cognition Approach in Translation Studies: Origins and Heuristic Potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Svetlana Serebriakova ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Milostivaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Situated Cognition ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Cooperative Networks ◽  
Cooperative Interaction ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Symbol Manipulation ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Networks Analysis

The article analyzes the explanatory possibilities of the situated cognition approach to translation study on the basis of the theoretical apparatus developed in the Viennese translation school of Professor H. Risku. The relevance of the study is determined by the appeal to the analysis of the specialized translation process in the authentic context of the functioning of the main subject in the modern translation market, i.e. a translation bureau. Incorporating the research techniques from the early stages of cognitive science development (theory of information processing based on symbol manipulation and neural networks analysis within the framework of connectionism), the approach under consideration is based on the modern concept of extended situated embodied cognition, which, as applied to translation studies, provides new arguments in favor of transition from interpretation of the interaction "human – text" to the study of multimedia communication of a subjects group in the translation networks' composition, which have arisen as a result of outsourcing processes in the translation industry. The features of cooperative interaction between a team of translators and experts, as well as artifacts in the process of translation text generation using information technologies, are demonstrated. The practical application of the situated cognition approach to the analysis of the participants' activities in translation cooperative networks (customer company, technical editor, translation bureau, external translation bureau, translator) is especially relevant in the context of glocalization in the emerging Russian translation market.

Situated LSP Translation from a Cognitive Translational Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Real World ◽  
Situated Cognition ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Symbol Manipulation ◽  
Scientific Paradigms ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Relevant Factors

AbstractThis paper takes a cognitive translational perspective on the field of specialised translation. In a first step, it surveys the three cognitive scientific paradigms of symbol manipulation, connectionism and situated cognition and discusses the influence of these three paradigms on the development of cognitive translation studies. The currently dominating cognitive scientific paradigm of situated cognition and the corresponding translation theory of situated translation (Risku 2004) then serve as a basis for developing the Cologne Model of the Situated LSP Translator, which attempts to give a comprehensive account of the relevant factors influencing the LSP translator’s cognitive performance in real-world translation settings. While discussing the structure and components of the model, I will illustrate potential areas of application and possible research perspectives than can be derived from it.

scholarly journals Internet technologies in modern concept of English teaching (general and translation theory)

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01077
Author(s):  
Oksana Akay ◽  
Irina Tsarevskaia ◽  
Irina Shcherbakova ◽  
Natalia Krivtsova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
New Information

The problems of teaching a foreign language to students of non-linguistic higher educational institutions have changed radically. Besides the professional qualification, an expert has to possess the skills of free language proficiency as the means of business communication within the professional activity. Relevance of new information technologies’ use is dictated by the pedagogical needs for increasing the efficiency of the training developing, in particular, the need of the following skills’ formation: independent educational activity, research, creative approach for training, formations of critical thinking, new culture. The new information technologies in teaching a foreign language use is caused not only by aspiration to novelty, but by training at the info communication technologies base, which allows to realize a personally focused approach to the identity a student as the main conceptual direction of the 21st century formation.

scholarly journals On Describing Similarity and Measuring Equivalence in English-Spanish Translation

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-159
Author(s):  
Marlén Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Descriptive Translation Studies

This article reports on a descriptive translation study that attempts to examine the notion of equivalence in translation in an empirical manner. In order to do that, the analysis focuses on the similarities and differences, considered as the components of any relation of equivalence, between the source texts and the target texts. In this particular case, the source texts are English Gerund-Participle (G-P) Adjuncts, and their target texts, the Spanish translational options found in so-called “ACTRES parallel corpus.” The study is interdisciplinary as it draws from contrastive functional analysis and descriptive translation studies, from a corpus-based approach. The study reveals different types of similarities between the English G-P Adjuncts and its Spanish equivalents, which are described in functional terms, taking into consideration functionality, meaning-form interface and frequency of usage. The descriptive parameters followed have prompted a grading system for measuring equivalence between the objects of study.

Éthique et esthétique de l’Autre en traduction : une réflexion à partir de récentes critiques contre la traductologie d’Antoine Berman

Translationes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
René Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Translation Study

Abstract From a debate started by Charles Le Blanc in his book Le Complexe d’Hermès against translation study theories, the author reviews three kinds of criticism - the theoretical scope of translation studies, the figure of the Other, and the role of Bildung - each time returning to the texts written by Antoine Berman in response to Le Blanc’s criticism. It is then unveiled that in this polemic one can find a work close in spirit to that of German Romantics and an invitation to continue reflection beyond the strict debate on translation to bring it to “what society is made of”.

Beyond instrumentalism

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Xiaofei
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Study Methods ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Localization Strategy ◽  
Domesticating Translation

The Chinese domesticating translation norms and Sino-centric values have been historically dominating print media translation in China, hindering the introduction of foreignness in the form of written text. Recent Sino-centric values in the Chinese translation field further hamper the introduction of foreign translation study methods. In this context, this paper looks at the non-localization strategy of Apple’s official websites; this strategy produces original English texts, such as iPhone, on the target website. It verifies the point that this strategy could effectively give foreignizing and challenging exceptions to how texts have been traditionally domesticated in China with strategies that sit in line with Chinese translation norms. That is to say, characterized by industrial natures of localization, internationalization and digital media, the implementation of non-localization strategy and the display of highly foreign non-localized texts on the Chinese site are almost under the control of source website owner, i.e. Apple Company. This non-localization strategy, therefore, has a foreignizing impact on the Chinese translation norm, due to its source-driven and digital-media based industrial nature. The cultural study of localization is necessary, as it greatly transcends instrumentalism, which could have implications on mainstream translation studies.

scholarly journals Translation studies: Translator training vs employers’ expectations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolita Horbačauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Transferable Skills ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
Translation Services ◽  
Professional Translator

Abstract Currently various industries using translation services stress the necessity of analytical, critical and practical knowledge of 2 foreign languages, substantial skills of translation technologies, as well as transferable skills for professional translator performance. A changing translator profile causes a shift in translation study programmes towards the development of transferable skills along with translation-related skills. Therefore, the paper focuses on employers’ expectations in relation to the abilities and skills of professionally trained translators. The outcomes of this study reflect the overall situation in the country, still undergoing significant changes in the translation-related industry from the perspective of employers who agree that together with translation-related skills graduates of translation programmes should possess a range of transferable skills, which empower them to act professionally in a changing environment.

scholarly journals Exploring theoretical functions of corpus data in teaching translation

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Éric Poirier
Keyword(s):  
Language Translation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Business Economics ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Specialized Texts ◽  
Definition Of

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2016v36nesp1p177As language referential data banks, corpora are instrumental in the exploration of translation solutions in bilingual parallel texts or conventional usages of source or target language in monolingual general or specialized texts. These roles are firmly rooted in translation processes, from analysis and interpretation of source text to searching for an acceptable equivalent and integrating it into the production of the target text. Provided the creative and not the conservative way be taken, validation or adaptation of target text in accordance with conventional usages in the target language also benefits from corpora. Translation teaching is not exploiting this way of translating that is common practice in the professional translation markets around the world. Instead of showing what corpus tools can do to translation teaching, we start our analysis with a common issue within translation teaching and show how corpus data can help to resolve it in learning activities in translation courses. We suggest a corpus-driven model for the interpretation of ‘business’ as a term and as an item in complex terms based on source text pattern analysis. This methodology will make it possible for teachers to explain and justify interpretation rules that have been defined theoretically from corpus data. It will also help teachers to conceive and non-subjectively assess practical activities designed for learners of translation. Corpus data selected for the examples of rule-based interpretations provided in this paper have been compiled in a corpus-driven study (Poirier, 2015) on the translation of the noun ‘business’ in the field of specialized translation in business, economics, and finance from English to French. The corpus methodology and rule-based interpretation of senses can be generalized and applied in the definition of interpretation rules for other language pairs and other specialized simple and complex terms. These works will encourage the matching of translation study theories and corpus translation studies with professional practices. It will also encourage the matching of translation studies and corpus translation studies with source and target language usages and with textual correlations between source language real usages and target language translation real practices.

scholarly journals La paradoja descriptiva de la traducción y su ilustración a través de un análisis de la subtitulación de The Wire

Babel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-444
Author(s):  
Javier Ortiz García
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target System ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
The Wire ◽  
The Given

Abstract Over recent decades, translation studies have witnessed how descriptive studies have taken over prescriptive approaches. This essay deals with this subject, proposing that the two theoretical perspectives are not so far apart as may be inferred from the literature available and that, paradoxically, they are very close as regards their ultimate objectives. To develop this proposal, we establish a typology of hypotheses that a translation study should consider from the beginning; once the proposed hypothesis is checked, the implementation of the strategies for the given translation at stake seems to be the same as for descriptive approaches. In order to illustrate this apparent paradox, we observe and analyze some examples of the translated subtitles into Spanish of the first season of the acclaimed American series The Wire, paying special attention to the informal use of language in the dialogues. Following the theoretical frame designed in the first part of the essay, we first analyze the available subtitles in Spanish, and then propose some details pertaining to the translation that might perhaps have permitted a better reception of the series in the target system, that is the Spanish-speaking system.

scholarly journals Introduction: Literary Texts and their Translations as an Object of Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Kolehmainen ◽  
Esa Penttilä ◽  
Piet Van Poucke
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Literary Source ◽  
Translation Study ◽  
New Information ◽  
Recent Developments

This special issue of the International Journal of Literary Linguistics offers seven state-of-the-art contributions on the current linguistic study of literary translation. Although the articles are based on similar data – literary source texts and their translations – they focus on diverse aspects of literary translation, study a range of linguistic phenomena and utilize different methodologies. In other words, it is an important goal of this special issue to illuminate the current diversity of possible approaches in the linguistic study of translated literary texts within the discipline of translation studies. At the same time, new theoretical and empirical insights are opened to the study of the linguistic phenomena chosen by the authors of the articles and their representation or use in literary texts and translations. The analyzed features range from neologisms to the category of passive and from spoken language features to the representation of speech and multilingualism in writing. Therefore, the articles in this issue are not only relevant for the study of literary translation or translation theory in general, but also for the disciplines of linguistics and literary studies – or most importantly, for the cross-disciplinary co-operation between these three fields of study.The common theme that all these articles share is how the translation process shapes, transfers and changes the linguistic properties of literary texts as compared to their sources texts, other translations or non-translated literary texts in the same language and how this question can be approached in research. All articles provide new information about the forces that direct and affect translators’ textual choices and the previously formulated hypotheses about the functioning of such forces. The articles illustrate how translators may perform differently from authors and how  translators’ and authors’ norms may diverge at different times and in different cultures. The question of how translation affects the linguistic properties of literary translations is approached from the viewpoint of previously proposed claims or hypotheses about translation. In the following, we will introduce these viewpoints for readers who are not familiar with the recent developments in translation studies. At the same time, we will shortly present the articles in this issue.

TO SOME ISSUES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF CITIZENSHIP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Efimov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Modern Concept

The article considers the institution of citizenship in a comparative legal aspect. The essence of the legal status of citizenship is analyzed, the principles of Russian citizenship are studied, and the main discourse of the modern concept of citizenship is outlined. It is concluded that in modern conditions of advanced information technologies, global democratization, and ongoing migration and civilizational processes, every study in the field of citizenship operates not only in the categories of constancy, certainty, but also often in the categories of relativity and probability.

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