scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical evaluation of varagu with blackgram intercropping competition and yield advantage

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
K. Ananthi ◽  
P. Parasuraman
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
The Impact

Intercropping increases in productivity per unit of land via better utilisation of resources, minimises the risks, reduces weed competition and stabilizes the yield. Many intercropping systems have proved to be better than sole crops in terms of yield because intercropping makes better use of one or more agricultural resources both in time and in space. The beneficial effect of pulse crops is improving soil health in the form of biological nitrogen fixation, leaf fall, addition of considerable amount of organic matter through root biomass, improving microbial biomass and they keep soil productive and alive by bringing qualitative changes in physical, chemical and biological properties and sustaining productivity. The principal advantage of intercropping system is the more efficient utilization of soil, water, nutrient and increased productivity compared with each sole crop under rainfed and irrigated ecosystem. Choice of ecologically sound crops as millets and adoption of intercropping systems are two of suitable options for maximization of productivity in drylands cropping system due to the reason that competition of plant could be minimized not only by spatial arrangement, but also by combining those crops which have best able to exploit soil nutrients. A field study was scheduled to estimate the impact of intercropping varagu with greengram and blackgram cropping system under rain-fed situation onleaf area, leaf area index, specific leaf weight, crop growth rate, chlorophyll content, no. of tillers per plant and grain yield at Centre of Excellence in Millets, Athiyandal, Tiruvannamalai. It was done in Kharif, 2018 and 2019. Randomized Block Design was used to conduct this experiment. It has three replications. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare varagu with blackgram and greengram inter cropping effects, as well as reveal which intercrops better adopts to rainfed cropping systems using these parameters to improve water use efficiency in the production. Highest returns were obtained from Sole Varagu with blackgram (1:1) due to greater productivity under this treatment with comparable cost of cultivation.

scholarly journals Identification of Economically Viable Cropping Systems for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Firdoz Shahana ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
S. Sridevi ◽  
B. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur to diversify existing rice-rice cropping system with less water requiring crops under irrigated dry conditions for vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone. The experiment was laid out with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif and rabi seasons were rice – rice (check), maize + soybean (2:4) – tomato, maize + soybean (2:4) - rice, maize - sunflower + chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + groundnut (2:4), Bt cotton - sesame + blackgram (2:4), soybean – wheat, soybean – sunflower + chickpea (2:4), turmeric – sesame, turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + blackgram (2:4). On system basis, significantly higher productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) of 23830 kg ha-1 was recorded with turmeric+soybean (1:2) BBF– sesame+blackgram (2:4) turmeric – sesame cropping sequence. However it was on par with turmeric – sesame and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra crop sequence with productivity of 23332 kg ha-1 and 21389 kg ha-1 respectively. Lower productivity was recorded with rice-rice cropping system (10725 kg ha-1). Significantly higher system net returns were recorded with Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) on BBF (Rs222838 ha-1) closely followed by Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF) - Sesamum + Groundnut (2:4) (Rs221160 ha-1) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato (Rs212909 ha-1). Lower system net returns were recorded in conventional rice-rice system (Rs88179 ha-1). Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) and Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF)- Sesamum + Groundnut ((2:4) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato were economically superior with REE of 152.71%, 150.81% and 141.45%. Rice- Rice cropping adopted by majority of farmers is less productive and economically inferior indicating wider scope of diversifying existing rice- rice cropping system with high productive, economically viable cropping systems in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

Effect of Different Pulse and Oilseed based Cropping Systems on Yield and Nutrient Budgeting under Rainfed Conditions of Jammu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
B.C. Sharma ◽  
Neetu Sharma ◽  
Brij Nanadan ◽  
Akhil Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dryland Ecosystems

Background: Maize-wheat is the predominant cropping system of dryland ecology of Jammu region, but due to their comparatively higher input requirements especially of nutrients and water under the fragile ecology of these dry lands an untenable threat has been posed to their factor productivities. Therefore, all cropping sequences that suit and sustain better on the natural resources of the dryland ecosystems for a longer period of time needs to be explored.Methods: The treatments consisted of two oilseeds i.e. mustard) and gobhi sarson and two pulse crops i.e. chickpea and field pea taken during rabi were followed by two oilseed i.e. soybean and sesame and two pulse crops i.e. green gram and black gram grown during kharif. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications.Result: Significantly higher chickpea equivalent yield of green gram was observed with field pea- green gram sequence (10.26 q/ha) which was at par with the chickpea – green gram and field pea - black gram system. The available nitrogen status was significantly influenced and recorded highest (166.82kg/ha) under field pea- green gram system. Further overall nutrient mining by this system was quite low as compared to other systems.

scholarly journals Improvement of Soil Health and System Productivity through Crop Diversification and Residue Incorporation under Jute-Based Different Cropping Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Sabyasachi Mitra ◽  
Sonali Paul Mazumdar ◽  
Bijan Majumdar ◽  
Amit Ranjan Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Data Set ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Residue Incorporation ◽  
The Impact

Crop diversity through residue incorporation is the most important method for sustaining soil health. A field study was conducted over five consecutive years (2012–2017) to see the impact of residue incorporartions in Inceptisol of eastern India. The main plot treatments had five cropping systems (CS), namely, fallow−rice−rice (FRR), jute−rice−wheat (JRW), jute−rice−baby corn (JRBc), jute−rice−vegetable pea (JRGp), jute−rice−mustard−mungbean/green gram (JRMMu), which cinsisted of four sub-plots with varied nutrient and crop residue management (NCRM) levels, namely crops with no residue +75% of the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (F1R0), crops with the residue of the previous crops +75% RDF (F1R1), crops with no resiude +100% RDF (F2R0), and crops with residue +100% RDF (F2R1). The highest system productivity was obtained for JRBc (15.3 Mg·ha−1), followed by JRGp (8.81 Mg·ha−1) and JRMMu (7.61 Mg·ha−1); however, the highest sustainability index was found with the JRGp cropping system (0.88), followed by JRMMu (0.82). Among the NCRMs, the highest productivity (8.78 Mg·ha−1) and sustainability index (0.83) were recorded in F2R1. Five soil parameters, namely, bulk density, available K, urease activity, dehydrogenase activity, and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), were used in the minimum data-set (MDS) for the calculation of the soil quality index (SQI). The best attainment of SQI was found in the JRGp system (0.63), closely followed by the JRMMu (0.61) cropping system.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Phosphorus Management on Macro and Micronutrient Status of Soil in Bt-Cotton

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
K. V. S. L. Raj Rushi ◽  
P. Prasuna Rani ◽  
P. R. K. Prasad ◽  
P. Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact

Aim: To evaluate the impact of integrated use of phosphorus on soil fertility in Bt-Cotton. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Place of Study: At College Farm, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Guntur district. Methodology: After the preliminary layout, Tulasi-BG II hybrid of cotton was used as a test crop, with a spacing of 90 cm x 60 cm in the experimental site. Farmyard Manure @ 10 t ha-1 was applied 10 days prior to sowing while phosphorus solubilising bacteria @ 5 kg ha-1 was applied one day before sowing. Phosphorus was applied as per the treatments basally at sowing whereas, the recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium (120 and 60 kg ha-1, respectively) were applied in four equal splits at 20, 40, 60, and 80. Results: The treatments showed no significant influence on available nitrogen and potassium but, comparatively higher values of nitrogen and potassium were observed in organic treated plots. The available phosphorus content was markedly influenced by level of phosphorus as well as components of integration at all the crop growth stages. Highest available phosphorus was recorded on integration of maximum dose of phosphorus with Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) and Farmyard manure (FYM). The available micronutrient contents in soil did not show any marked difference among the treatments at all the stages of crop growth. Conclusion: Application of phosphorus along with Phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) and Farmyard manure (FYM) can reduce the phosphorus requirement to crops as well as improves soil health.

Performance of American cotton-legumes based intercroppingsystem on nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar ◽  
A. B. Turkhede ◽  
Shrimohan Meena ◽  
R. K. Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Nutrient Status ◽  
Available N ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Npk Uptake

The field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2014-15. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design, replicated thrice with eleven cropping systems. Significantly highest NPK uptake (38.97, 13.39 and 34.85 kg ha-1 respectively) was recorded in the cropping system of sole cotton. Significantly highest available N (222.75 kg ha-1) was recorded in sole blackgram and maximum available P (21.52 kg ha-1) was recorded in cotton + cowpea intercropping system. Cotton + clusterbean intercropping system was recorded significantly highest available K (355.60 kg/h

scholarly journals Radiation Dynamics on Crop Productivity in Different Cropping Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I. Nur Arina ◽  
M. Y. Martini ◽  
S. Surdiana ◽  
R. Mohd Fauzi ◽  
S. Zulkefly
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Intercepted Radiation

Global demand for food has always been on the increase due to the increase of the population in this world. Intercropping is one of the alternatives of agronomic practices that is widely practiced in ensuring food security and enhancing yield stability. Strip, mixed, and relay intercropping can be practiced to increase crop production. In addition to achieving a successful intercropping system, factors such as suitable crops, time of sowing, maturity of the crop, and plant density need to be considered before and during planting. Besides, practiced intercropping becomes a useful cropping system to increase efficient resource utilization, enhance biodiversity, promote soil health, enhance soil fertility, erosion control, yield advantage, weed, pest, and disease control, insurance against crop failure, ecosystem and modification of microclimate, market instability, and increase farmers income. Crop productivity in any types of cropping system implemented relies primarily on the interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of crop canopy and conversion of intercepted radiation into biomass or known as radiation use efficiency (RUE). Both PAR and RUE are important measurements that have significant roles in crop growth and development in which the accessibility of these radiation dynamics is connected with the leaf area index and crop canopy characteristics in maximizing yield as well as total productivity of the crop component in intercropping systems.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi Gogo yang dipengaruhi oleh Pemberian Biochar dan Pupuk Hayati

SoilREns ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Natalie Fitriatin ◽  
Dzakaria Yogaswara ◽  
Tien Turmuktini ◽  
Emma Trinurani Sofyan ◽  
Anni Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Soil Nutrient Availability ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

One of the efforts to increase crop yield based in sustainable agriculture is through the utilization of microbial inoculants (biofertilizers) and soil conditioners. Biofertilizer is an ingredient that contains beneficial microbial inoculants to increase soil nutrient availability for plants. Biochar has been recognized as a soil conditioner by improving soil physical, chemical, and biological properties as well as in retaining nutrients, thereby enhancing plant growth. However, the research regarding the effect of the combination between biofertilizers and biochar on growth and yield of upland rice are still at scarce. The field experiment was conducted to determine the impact of biofertilizers and biochar on growth and yield of upland rice in Andisols at Pasir Talang village in Rancakalong district, Sumedang, West Java.  This experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisted of six treatments and four replicates. Biofertilizers consisted of N-fixer bacteria (Azotobacter chroococum, Azospirillum sp.) and phosphate-solubilizer microbes (Pseudomonas mallei, P. cepaceae, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp.). The treatments were combination of biochar (2,4, and 6 t ha-1) and biofertlizers (0 and 50 kg ha-1). The result of experiment revealed that combination of biochar and biofertilizers increased the growth and yield of upland rice significantly. The application 4 t ha-1of biochar and 50 kg ha-1 of biofertilizers gave the best yield of 5,81 t ha-1.

Impact of Conservation Agriculture and Cropping System On Soil Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Alluvial Soils of Eastern Gangetic Plains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh S ◽  
Abhas K Sinha ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Gathala ◽  
Menzies ◽  
Sudarshan Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Alluvial Soils ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose A conservation agriculture-based sustainable intensification (CASI) practices have been proposed as a potential alternative management strategy for achieving the food, water and energy security while sustaining the soil health and climate resilience. In this study, we evaluate the performance of CASI technologies under two cropping systems on carbon (C) dynamics in the soils of recent and old alluvial nature of West Bengal in Eastern Alluvial Ganga Plains. Methods The on-farm field study was undertaken for four years during 2014-15 to 2018-19 with an objective of long-term setup at Coochbehar and Malda districts, West Bengal (subtropical eastern India). The two cropping systems (rice-wheat, RW and rice-maize, RM) and two tillage options (zero tillage, ZT and conventional tillage, CT) were evaluated on multi-location at farmers’ field to see the impact on soil total organic carbon (TOC) and its fractions, stratification, and stocks. Results About 20% higher TOC concentration was observed in the old alluvial soils (Inceptisols of Malda district) as compared to recent alluvial soils (Entisols of Coochbehar district). TOC and its fractions significantly (p<0.05) improved under RM cropping system than that under RW. The ZT system enhanced the TOC and its fractions by 16.8 and 9.8 % over CT at 0–5 and 5–10 cm respectively. All the C fractions showed strong positive correlation (r= >0.85; p < 0.01) with TOC except POC. Conclusions Our research indicated that ZT system increased the C turnover rate in both soil types which was found more prominent in RM system.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVE-ECONOMIC BENEFIT OF FORAGE CACTUS-SORGHUM INTERCROPPING SYSTEMS IRRIGATED WITH SALINE WATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIVANIA RODRIGUES LIMA ◽  
THIERES GEORGE FREIRE DA SILVA ◽  
POLIANA DE CALDAS PEREIRA ◽  
JOSÉ EDSON FLORENTINO DE MORAIS ◽  
MERY CRISTINA DE SÁ ASSIS
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Net Revenue

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and economic performance of a forage cactus and sorghum intercropping system in relation to a forage cactus single cropping system under different irrigation blades with saline water. The study was conducted in Serra Talhada, State of Pernambuco, in a randomized block design, consisting of a factorial arrangement with split-plot parcels (5×2) and four replications. The five plots were the irrigation depths based on the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) (0, 8.75, 17.5, 26.25, and 35% ETo) and the two cropping systems were single forage cactus cropping and cactus intercropped with sorghum. The experiment was conducted for one year, with one forage cactus cycle and two cycles of sorghum. Yields were obtained at the end of the cycles. Economic profitability was analyzed by means of net revenue (NR) and the benefit/cost ratio (B/C), with cactus forage sold as forage or as "seed" and sorghum as forage. Net revenue and B/C simulations were carried out over an eight-year useful life span of the irrigation system. Increasing irrigation depth increased the dry matter yield of the intercropping system because of higher sorghum yield. Based on the NR and B/C ratio values, forage cactus and sorghum produced as forage produced higher economic outcomes in the intercropping system and showed a higher profitability from the 2nd year of implementation of the irrigation system. Forage cactus and sorghum intercropping irrigated with saline water is therefore recommended for forage production in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

scholarly journals Performance of New Rice Variety (Inpari 24) at Subak Amerta Nadi Kerta Village Payangan Sub-district of Gianyar Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
I Ketut Kariada ◽  
I. B. Aribawa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Model development of rice farming in the production centre area at Payangan Sub-district of Gianyar is designed to introduce a model called rice field laboratory. The principle of the model used is "build, operate and transfer (BOT), refering to a the disseminated model of innovation which is a  large scale pilot model at the grass root level. The study introduced new varieties “Inpari”24 as an attempt to replace the old varieties that has lower productivity. Cultivation technology by implementing  Legowo System 2: 1. The aim of this study was to determine the performance of new variety Inpari 24 in the cropping system in Subak Amerta Nadi, Kerta Village, Sub-district of Payangan Gianyar in the growing season 2014. This study used a randomized block design with two treatments of different cropping systems, namely: Legowo 2: 1 (40 x 20 x 10 cm) and tiles (20 x 20 cm), repeated 10 times. Variables observed in this study were: plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and empty grains and yield per hectare. Data were analysed through analysis of variance, then followed by LSD test at 5% level. It was concluded that: (a) cropping systems significantly affected all variables of rice production, (b) the highest productivity was Legowo System which was 7.50 tons / ha, increased by 26.68% compared to tiles cropping system (the method used by farmers).Keywords: Inpari 24; planting system; rice

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